2×2 MIMO处理的IM-DD极化多路DMT：基于SOP估计和MPBI消除

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"这篇研究论文探讨了基于空间光谱估计（SOP Estimation）和多路径双向干扰（MPBI）消除技术的2×2 MIMO处理在极化复用分组差分调制（Polarization-Multiplexed DMT，PM-DMT）系统中的应用。该工作发表于2015年12月的《IEEE Journal of Photonic》第7卷第6期，由Xian Zhou、Kangping Zhong、Jiahao Huo等人共同完成。文章的DOI为10.1109/JPHOT.2015.2501647。" 本文的核心知识点主要集中在以下几个方面： 1. **Polarization-Multiplexed DMT (PM-DMT)**：这是一种利用光的线性极化特性来复用多个数据流的技术，通过将不同数据通道分配到两个正交的极化状态，可以有效提高光通信系统的频谱效率。DMT（Discrete Multitone Modulation，离散多载波调制）是将信道划分为多个子信道，每个子信道独立调制，从而利用信道的频率选择性。 2. **Intensity Modulation-Direct Detection (IM-DD)**：这是光通信中常用的一种简单且成本有效的调制检测方法。信号的强度被用来携带信息，然后直接检测而无需复杂的光电转换。然而，IM-DD系统容易受到多路径双向干扰（MPBI）的影响，因为光信号的直射和反射路径可能会在接收端同时到达，导致干扰。 3. **Space Optical Power Estimation (SOP Estimation)**：这是一种用于MIMO（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output）系统的信道估计技术，旨在获取发送端和接收端之间光功率分布的详细信息，这对于消除多径效应和提高系统性能至关重要。 4. **Multi-Path Bidirectional Interference (MPBI) Elimination**：在IM-DD系统中，MPBI是性能下降的主要因素之一。本文提出的方案通过SOP Estimation来识别和分离MPBI，然后采取措施消除这些干扰，以提高接收端的信号质量。 5. **2×2 MIMO Processing**：在光通信中，2×2 MIMO系统意味着有两个发射和接收端口，这可以实现更高的数据传输速率和更强的抗干扰能力。通过精心设计的信号处理算法，可以有效地利用多个路径来增强系统性能。 6. **光通信系统优化**：论文提出的方法结合了SOP Estimation和MPBI消除技术，针对2×2 MIMO PM-DMT系统进行了优化，以提升系统的传输容量和稳定性。这种方法对于现代光纤通信网络的未来发展具有重要意义，特别是在高数据速率需求和频谱效率挑战日益增长的背景下。这篇研究论文揭示了如何利用SOP Estimation和MPBI消除技术改善2×2 MIMO PM-DMT系统的性能，对于理解和优化光通信系统，特别是IM-DD系统的设计具有重要参考价值。

with limited bandwidth, a number of advanced modulation formats combined with IM-DD have

been investigated to achieve high spectral efficiency, including pulse amplitude modulation

(PAM) [4], [5], carrier-less amplitude and phase modulation (CAP) [6], [7], and discrete multi-tone

(DMT) [8], [9].

Recently, polarization multiplexing with DD has been studied to further increase data rate.

D. Qian et al. first proposed the use of PM with IM-DD in short reach transmission based on

single sideband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (SSB-OFDM) modulation [10].

However, this PM-OFDM-DD system requires a complex transmitter structure involving RF

source and narrow-band optical filters. Furthermore, t he primary problem associated with the

proposed scheme is that the singularity of its 4  4 transfer matrix will lead to a failure of the po-

larization de-multiplexing scheme when the received state of polarizations (SOP) is at =4and

integer multiples of t his value to the axis of the receiver polarization beam splitter (PBS). Over

the past two years, PM combined with Stokes-based DD reception has been proposed as a

new approach to increase the bit rate in a single wavelength channel, including PM with PAM

[11], [12] and signal-carrier PM with OFDM [13]. Here, the singularity problem in the transfer ma-

trix can be avoided. In the proposed schemes [11], [13], Stokes Vectors are required to be ob-

tained by using a 90° hybrid with balanced detections. In [12], Stokes Vectors can be obtained

in DSP based on a blind SOP tracking feedback algorithm. However, this scheme is only suit-

able for binary baseband modulation on two orthogonal polarizations. In addition to above e n-

deavors, the latest work in [14] proposed a quaternary polarization multiplexed system to

support four independent non-return-to-zero OOK signals transmission in four different SOPs

and realized 108 and 128 Gb/s experimental 2 km SSMF transmission in 1550 nm.

In our previous work in [15], a polarization-interleave-multiplexed discrete multi-tone

(PIM-DMT) system was proposed, in which two lasers with different frequencies are required for

two polarizations, and their frequency difference should be larger than signal bandwidth so as to

remove the influence of the mixed polarization beat interference (MPBI). In this paper, we im-

prove the work of [15] and propose a novel PM-DMT-DD system, where one laser source is

used without the frequency spacing, and a simple receiver structure is employed without 90°

hybrid and balanced detections. Based on the new SOP estimation and MPBI elimination algo-

rithms, the influence of MPBI can be removed in the digit al domain in the proposed system.

After this, polarizations de-multiplexing and channel estimation can be realized by using the

traditional 2  2 MIMO equalizer in the frequency domain. Finally, the feasibility of the pro-

posed PM-DMT-DD system and the effectiveness of the corresponding DSP algorithms are

demonstrated through simulation.

2. Operation Principle

The block diagrams of the transmitter and receiver front-end structure of the proposed

PM-DMT-DD system are shown in Fig. 1. At the transmitter side, two real value DMT signals

are modulated onto the intensity of two orthogonal polarizations of one laser, and transmitted

after a polarization beam combiner (PBC). After propagation through an optical fiber, the

Fig. 1. (a) Transmitter and (b) receiver front-end structu re f or the proposed PM-DMT-DD system .

IM: intensity modulator, PBS: p olarizatio n beam splitter , PBC: polari zation be am combine r, PD:

photo-detector, PMC: p olariz ation m aintainin g coupl er.

Vol. 7, No. 6, December 2015 7802812

IEEE Photonics Journal Polarization-Multiplexed DMT With IM-DD

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