全球导航卫星系统道路事故应急响应系统测试方法

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"GOST 33471-2015.pdf 是一份关于全球导航卫星系统（Global Navigation Satellite System, GNSS）在道路事故紧急响应系统中的应用的国际标准文档，主要涉及车载应急呼叫设备/系统的导航模块测试方法。这份标准由 Interstate Council on Standardization, Metrology and Certification (ISC) 制定，并由 Interstandard Moscow 和 Standartinform 在2017年发布英文官方版。" GOST 33471-2015 是一份针对全球导航卫星系统在道路事故紧急响应系统中应用的测试方法标准，旨在确保车载应急呼叫设备或系统（通常称为eCall系统）的导航模块能够准确、可靠地工作。该标准可能涵盖了以下几个核心知识点： 1. **全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）**：这是一个包括GPS（美国）、GLONASS（俄罗斯）、Galileo（欧盟）和北斗（中国）等在内的全球定位系统集合，提供定位、导航和授时服务。 2. **GLONASS（格洛纳斯系统）**：作为GNSS的一部分，GLONASS是俄罗斯的全球卫星导航系统，与GPS类似，用于提供地理位置和时间信息。 3. **道路事故紧急响应系统**：这种系统通常包括车载设备，能够在发生交通事故时自动或手动触发，向救援服务机构发送车辆位置和事故信息，加快救援速度，减少伤亡。 4. **导航模块测试**：标准详细规定了测试车载应急呼叫设备中导航模块的方法，以验证其在各种环境条件下的性能，如信号强度、精度、抗干扰能力等。 5. **标准制定流程**：按照GOST 1.0-2015和GOST 1.2-2015，这份标准由Non-Commercial Partnership "For Promotion of Navigation Technologies Development and Application"及Joint Stock Company "Research and Technical Centre of Advanced Navigation Technologies" "Internavigation" (JSC "Internavigation RTC")共同开发，经联邦技术调节和计量署引入，并由Interstate Council批准。 6. **合规性和实施**：标准的采纳和实施涉及到联邦机构和技术法规，确保所有相关产品和服务符合标准要求，以提高道路安全和应急响应效率。该文档对于汽车制造商、应急服务提供商、电子设备制造商以及相关行业的研发和质量控制人员具有重要参考价值，可以帮助他们确保其产品满足国际标准，从而在全球市场上获得竞争优势。

ГОСТ 33471-2015

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations

3.1 Terms and definitions

The following terms with their respective definitions are used for the purposes of this Standard:

3.1.1 satellite navigation equipment: Hardware and software facility installed on a vehicle in order

to determine current location, movement direction and velocity of that vehicle basing on the signals of at

least two active Global Navigation Satellite Systems as well as on the information obtained from additional

on-board equipment and from wireless mobile communication networks.

3.1.2 GNSS navigation module (navigation receiver): Component part of an in-vehicle emergency

call device/system used for evaluation of current vehicle coordinates and movement parameters (direction

and velocity) and of time values based on the signals from GLONASS, GPS and other GNSS systems.

N o t e — Navigation modules included in the IVDS may be either built-in into the IVDS, or external with

respect to it (embedded in an electronic unit of other in-vehicle system or device installed on the vehicle).

3.1.3 in-vehicle emergency call system; IVS: System supporting the functions of an in-vehicle

emergency call device and providing for automatic transmission of vehicle data messages when a road

accident or an accident of other kind occurs.

Notes

1 In addition, an in-vehicle emergency call system may be used for manual transmission of vehicle

data messages in the case of road accidents or accidents of other type.

2 Categories of vehicles that shall be equipped with in-vehicle emergency call systems are specified

in [1].

3.1.4 Road Accident Emergency Response System: Automated geographically distributed Federal

and State Information System that uses the signals of the GLONASS Global Navigation Satellite System and

of other active GNSS to provide for prompt collection of data related to road accidents or other emergencies

on motor roads as well as for processing, storage and transmission of such data to emergency services, and to

enable access to the said data for the concerned governmental or local authorities, officials, legal and natural

persons.

Note — The Road Accident Emergency Response System is called "ERA-RB" in the Republic of

Belarus, "EVAK" in the Republic of Kazakhstan, and "ERA-GLONASS" in the Russian Federation. These

systems are analogous to the European eCall System currently in development, and are harmonised with it in

regard to the main functional features (the use of in-band modem as the main data transmission tool, unified

content and format of mandatory data transmitted in the MSD for road accidents, uniform procedures for

initiation and termination of duplex voice connection with the persons in the vehicle cabin, etc.).

3.1.5 cold start mode: State of GNSS navigation module where the system time, location

coordinates, GNSS almanac, and ephemerides of navigation spacecrafts are not known.

N o t e — The above pertains to location coordinates of the phase centre of a GNSS antenna connected to the

navigation module.

3.1.6 test mode: IVDS operation mode intended for inspection of IVDS functional properties and

parameters when the system/device is in service on the vehicle, or when the tests of various kinds are being

performed for the IVDS.

3.1.7 in-vehicle emergency call device; IVD: Device used for measurement and evaluation of

vehicle coordinates, speed and direction of movement based on the signals from at least two active Global

Navigation Satellite Systems, for manual transmission of vehicle data messages when a road accident or an

accident of other kind occurs, and for duplex voice communication with emergency services over wireless

mobile communication networks.

Notes

1 In addition, an in-vehicle emergency call device may be used for automatic transmission of vehicle data

messages in the case of road accidents or accidents of other type. The types of road accidents detected automatically and

the time frames for implementation of the function for automatic transmission of vehicle data messages in the device

are established in [1].

2 Categories of vehicles that shall be equipped with in-vehicle emergency call devices are specified in [1].

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全球导航卫星系统道路事故应急响应系统测试方法

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