2009 年 8 月 Journal on Communications August 2009
第 30 卷第 8 期 通 信 学 报 Vol.30
No.8
基于 DCT 域 QIM 的音频信息伪装算法
陈铭
1,2,3
,张茹
1,2,3
,刘凡凡
1,2,3
,钮心忻
1,2,3
,杨义先
1,2,3
(1. 北京邮电大学 网络与交换技术国家重点实验室信息安全中心,北京 100876;
2. 北京邮电大学 网络与信息攻防技术教育部重点实验室,北京 100876;3.灾备技术国家工程实验室,北京 100876)
摘 要:音频与图像相比具有信息冗余大、随机性强的特点,在音频中实现无误码的信息提取的难度更大。提出
一种基于 DCT 域 QIM(quantization index modulation)的音频信息伪装算法,算法特点如下:应用 QIM 原理,以量
化的方式嵌入信息,根据量化区间与信息比特的映射关系提取信息,可实现盲提取;采用改进的 QIM 方案,针对信
息提取的误码,在嵌入端与提取端进行容错处理,保证了隐藏信息的强顽健性;隐藏容量大,可达 357.6bit/s。实验
表明,算法与传统 QIM 方法相比具有更好的不可感知性,100%嵌入的载密音频的信噪比在 30dB 以上,并且对于
MP3 压缩、重量化、重采样、低通滤波等攻击具有很强的顽健性,同时算法运算量小,易于实现,实用性强。
关键词:信息隐藏;音频信息伪装;QIM;DCT;强顽健性
中图分类号:TP309 文献标识码:B 文章编号:1000-436X(2009)08-0105-07
Audio steganography by quantization
index modulation in the DCT domain
CHEN Ming
1,2,3
, ZHANG Ru
1,2,3
, LIU Fan-fan
1,2,3
, NIU Xin-xin
1,2,3
, YANG Yi-xian
1,2,3
(1. Information Security Center, State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Network and Information
Attack & Defense Technology of MOE, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China;
3. National Engineering Laboratory for Disaster Backup and Recovery, Beijing 100876, China)
Abstract: Audio signal has more information redundancy than image signal, but its randomicity is stronger. It is more
challenge to extract embedded bit with non-error from audio. A novel audio steganography based on QIM (quantization
index modulation) in the DCT (discrete cosine transform) domain was proposed. The merits of the algorithm were as fol-
lows: based on the principle of QIM, the message was embedded by quantization method and was extracted by the map-
ping between message bit and quantization interval. The extraction was executed blindly; the robustness of the hidden
message was ensured well by the improved QIM, which employed the error-tolerance operation during embedding and
extracting; the capacity was large as 357.6bit/s. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better
imperceptivity than normal QIM and the SNR (signal to noise ratio) of the stego audio with the embedding rate of 100%
is above 30dB. The embedded message has good robustness against MP3 compression, requantization, resampling and
lowpass filtering. Moreover, the algorithm is easy to implement and highly practicable.
Key words: information hiding; audio steganography; QIM; DCT; strong robustness
收稿日期:2009-01-04;修回日期:2009-06-10
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(“973”计划)基金资助项目(2007CB311203);国家自然科学基金资助项目(60821001,
90604022);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20070013007)
Foundation Items: The National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2007CB311203); The National Natural Science Foun-
dation of China (60821001, 90604022); The Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20070013007)