OpenStack云用户操作指南

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"OpenStack 用户使用指导 user-guide" OpenStack 是一个开源的云计算平台，用于构建公共云和私有云。它由一系列相互关联的项目组成，这些项目共同提供了一个云基础设施解决方案。OpenStack End User Guide 是为了帮助 OpenStack 的最终用户了解如何通过 OpenStack 控制台（dashboard）和 OpenStack 客户端命令来创建和管理云中的资源。本指南覆盖了 OpenStack 的 Juno、Icehouse 和 Havana 三个版本的特性。这表明，无论你是初次接触 OpenStack 还是已经有一定经验的用户，都可以找到适用于你当前版本的操作指南。除了特别注明的情况外，该文档遵循 Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 许可，允许自由使用、分享和修改，但需保留原作者的署名。具体许可条件可以在 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode 查看。在指南中，你会找到以下内容： 1. **OpenStack Dashboard**：这是 OpenStack 提供的一个图形化用户界面，用户可以通过它轻松地进行各种操作。登录 dashboard 后，你可以： - **上传和管理镜像**：你可以上传自己的操作系统镜像或者使用预置的镜像，以便创建实例。 - **配置访问和安全性**：为实例设置安全组规则，以控制流入和流出实例的网络流量。 - **启动和管理实例**：创建新的虚拟机实例，监控它们的状态，以及进行扩展或关闭操作。 - **创建和管理网络**：使用 Neutron 服务，你可以创建自定义的网络拓扑，包括子网和路由器，以满足特定的网络需求。 - **创建和管理对象存储容器**：利用 Swift 服务，你可以存储和检索非结构化的数据，如文件或媒体内容。此指南还包含了读者群体的建议，通常适合那些希望在 OpenStack 平台上部署应用程序、管理计算资源和存储的个人或组织。此外，文档还包括了一套约定，解释了在指南中使用的符号和术语，以及文档的变更历史，方便用户追踪更新和改进。 OpenStack End User Guide 是一份非常实用的参考资料，它为 OpenStack 用户提供了详细的操作步骤和最佳实践，帮助用户高效地使用 OpenStack 平台的各项功能。无论是基础的资源管理还是复杂的网络配置，用户都能在这份指南中找到答案。

End User Guide January 7, 2015 current

6. Click Create Image.

The image is queued to be uploaded. It might take some time before the status

changes from Queued to Active.

Update an image

Follow this procedure to update an existing image.

1. Log in to the dashboard.

2. From the CURRENT PROJECT on the Project tab, select the appropriate project.

3. On the Project tab, click Images.

4. Select the image that you want to edit.

5. In the Actions column, click More and then select Edit from the list.

6. In the Update Image dialog box, you can perform the following actions:

• Change the name of the image.

• Select the Public check box to make the image public.

• Clear the Public check box to make the image private.

7. Click Update Image.

Delete an image

Deletion of images is permanent and cannot be reversed. Only users with the appropriate

permissions can delete images.

1. Log in to the dashboard.

2. From the CURRENT PROJECT on the Project tab, select the appropriate project.

3. On the Project tab, click Images.

4. Select the images that you want to delete.

5. Click Delete Images.

6. In the Confirm Delete Image dialog box, click Delete Images to confirm the deletion.

End User Guide January 7, 2015 current

Configure access and security for instances

Before you launch an instance, you should add security group rules to enable users to ping

and use SSH to connect to the instance. Security groups are sets of IP filter rules that define

networking access and are applied to all instances within a project. To do so, you either add

rules to the default security group or add a new security group with rules.

Key pairs are SSH credentials that are injected into an instance when it is launched. To use

key pair injection, the image that the instance is based on must contain the cloud-init

package. Each project should have at least one key pair. For more information, see the sec-

tion called “Add a key pair” [9].

If you have generated a key pair with an external tool, you can import it into OpenStack.

The key pair can be used for multiple instances that belong to a project. For more informa-

tion, see the section called “Import a key pair” [9].

When an instance is created in OpenStack, it is automatically assigned a fixed IP address

in the network to which the instance is assigned. This IP address is permanently associated

with the instance until the instance is terminated. However, in addition to the fixed IP ad-

dress, a floating IP address can also be attached to an instance. Unlike fixed IP addresses,

floating IP addresses are able to have their associations modified at any time, regardless of

the state of the instances involved.

Add a rule to the default security group

This procedure enables SSH and ICMP (ping) access to instances. The rules apply to all in-

stances within a given project, and should be set for every project unless there is a reason

to prohibit SSH or ICMP access to the instances.

This procedure can be adjusted as necessary to add additional security group rules to a

project, if your cloud requires them.

Note

When adding a rule, you must specify the protocol used with the destination

port or source port.

1. Log in to the dashboard, choose a project, and click Access & Security. The Security

Groups tab shows the security groups that are available for this project.

2. Select the default security group and click Edit Rules.

3. To allow SSH access, click Add Rule.

4. In the Add Rule dialog box, enter the following values:

Rule SSH

Remote CIDR

CIDR 0.0.0.0/0

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