i.MX 6移植指南：从参考板到定制板

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i.MX 6 BSP Porting Guide 本文档是关于i.MX 6系列处理器的板级支持包（BSP）移植指南，主要针对Linux系统。它详细介绍了将U-Boot从参考板移植到自定义板的过程，以及配置IOMUX控制器、注册新的UART驱动、添加SDHC支持和SPI NOR闪存驱动等相关工作。在第一章“Porting U-Boot from an i.MX 6 Reference Board to an i.MX 6 Custom Board”中，讲解了如何将U-Boot引导加载程序从标准的i.MX 6开发板迁移到基于相同处理器的定制板上。这一过程包括理解U-Boot的基本功能，获取源代码，对代码进行预处理，定制i.MX 6自定义板的代码，如修改DDR3/LPDDR2初始化的DCD表，使用修改后的U-Boot启动，向板级文件添加新的驱动初始化代码，以及进一步的系统启动定制，比如修改印刷电路板名称。此外，还提供了调试方法，如使用JTAG工具和printf函数进行调试。第二章“Configuring the IOMUX Controller”介绍IOMUX控制器的配置。IOMUX是Freescale i.MX系列处理器中的一个关键特性，用于配置处理器引脚的多种功能。章节中概述了IOMUX的概念，提供设置IOMUX控制器寄存器的信息，并通过设备树示例展示了如何使用IOMUX。第三章“Registering a New UART Driver”涉及在内核menuconfig中启用UART驱动，以及相关的UART设置。这包括如何在内核配置中选择和配置UART，以及与之相关的文件名和位置。第四章“Adding Support for SDHC”未给出完整内容，但可以推测，这一章将指导开发者如何在i.MX 6 BSP中添加对Secure Digital Host Controller (SDHC)的支持，以便能够使用SD或MMC存储卡。这通常涉及到修改设备树，注册驱动，以及可能的硬件初始化代码。第五章“Configuring the SPI NOR Flash Memory Technology Device (MTD) Driver”则会介绍如何配置MTD驱动，以支持SPI接口的NOR闪存。这可能包括修改设备树以识别和配置SPI总线，注册新的MTD驱动，以及处理与NOR闪存读写相关的操作。这份i.MX 6 BSP Porting Guide对于那些希望在i.MX 6平台上构建自定义Linux系统的开发者来说是非常宝贵的资源，它详细阐述了从基础到高级的各种移植步骤和技术细节。

make mx6<custom board name>_config

make

7. Compile U-Boot by using $./build_u-boot.sh

8. If everything is correct, you should now have u-boot.imx, which indicates that your

build setup is correct and ready to be customized.

The new i.MX 6 custom board that you have created is an exact copy of the i.MX 6

reference board, but the boards are two independent builds. This allows you to proceed to

the next step: customizing the code to suit the new hardware design.

1.3 Customizing the i.MX 6 Custom Board Code

The new i.MX 6 custom board is a part of the U-Boot source tree, but it is a duplicate of

the i.MX 6 reference board code and needs to be customized.

The DDR technology is a potential key difference between the two boards.

If there is a difference in the DDR technology between the two boards, the DDR

initialization needs to be ported. DDR initialization is coded in the DCD table, inside the

boot header of the U-Boot image. When porting bootloader, kernel or driver code, you

must have the schematics easily accessible for reference.

1.3.1

Changing the DCD Table for i.MX 6 DDR3LPDDR2

Initialization

Before you initialize the memory interface, you need to configure the relevant I/O pins

with the right mode and impedance, and then initialize the MMDC module.

1. To port to the custom board, the DDR needs to be initialized properly.

2. Take a example for the i.MX 6Quad custom board. Open the file: board/freescale/

mx6<customer_board_name>/mx6q.cfg.

3. Modify all items in this file to match the memory specifications. These code blocks

are read by the ROM code to initialize your DDR memory.

1.3.2

Booting with the Modified U-Boot

This section describes how to compile and write u-boot.imx to an SD card.

If the DDR configuration (board/freescale/mx6<customer_board_name>/mx6q.cfg) was

modified successfully, you can compile and write u-boot.imx to an SD card. To verify

this, insert the SD card into the SD card socket of the CPU board and power on the board.

Customizing the i.MX 6 Custom Board Code

i.MX 6 BSP Porting Guide, Rev. L3.10.53_1.1.0-ga, 01/2015

10 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

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i.MX 6移植指南：从参考板到定制板

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