超对称GUT中的四重希格斯双峰与汤川统一

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"在超对称GUT中与四个希格斯双峰的汤川统一" 这篇文章探讨了在超对称大统一理论(SUSY GUT)中，如何实现Yukawa耦合统一，特别是在当前大型强子对撞机(LHC)的限制使得只有一个Higgs双峰对的Yukawa统一变得困难的背景下。Yukawa耦合是描述基本粒子与Higgs场相互作用的强度，这种耦合在不同种类的夸克和轻子之间可能会有所不同。在超对称框架下，由于大对统一理论允许存在多个Higgs双峰对，这个问题可以得到解决。文章指出，当存在“缺失伙伴机制”时，可以自然地产生两个以上的Higgs双峰对。缺失伙伴机制通常涉及到某些粒子的超对称伙伴未被观测到，这可能导致Higgs谱的多样性。这样的情况有助于解决双峰-三重态分裂问题，这是指在某些GUT模型中，Higgs双峰和三重态的能级差异过大而难以调和的问题。在具有四个Higgs双峰的模型中，汤川统一——即上三代夸克和轻子的Yukawa耦合达到一致——可能在中等的tan⁡β（Higgs混合角的正切）值，如约30时发生。这个数值与SO(10)和SU(5)这两种常见GUT模型中的b-τ统一相吻合。这些模型中的b-τ统一是指下夸克的b和轻子的τ的Yukawa耦合在大统一尺度下趋于一致。此外，研究还表明，额外的Higgs双峰对可以降低电弱真空辐射对称性破坏的敏感性。在标准模型中，电弱对称性的自发破缺是通过Higgs机制实现的，但这个过程在高能量尺度上可能受到量子效应的影响，导致对称性的不稳定。额外的Higgs场可以提供一种稳定性的机制，减少这种敏感性，从而增强理论的稳定性。这篇论文深入研究了在超对称GUT中实现Yukawa统一的策略，特别是如何通过多对Higgs双峰来克服当前实验限制带来的挑战。这不仅有助于理解宇宙的基本力的统一，也为探索超越标准模型的新物理提供了可能的途径。同时，它强调了超对称伙伴的存在以及它们对电弱对称性破坏稳定性的影响，这些都是未来高能物理实验需要关注的关键领域。

Physics Letters B 790 (2019) 589–594

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Physics Letters B

www.elsevier.com/locate/physletb

Yukawa uniﬁcation with four Higgs doublets in supersymmetric GUT

Bhaskar Dutta

, Yukihiro Mimura

b,c,∗

Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4242, USA

Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan

Institute of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, Matsue 690-8504, Japan

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t

Article history:

Received

26 October 2018

Received

in revised form 7 January 2019

Accepted

11 January 2019

Available

online 7 February 2019

Editor:

M. Cveti

Keywords:

SUSY

GUT

Coupling

uniﬁcation

We discuss the Yukawa coupling uniﬁcation, which can emerge in the grand uniﬁed theory, in the context

of scenarios with more than one pair of Higgs doublet since the current LHC constraint has become a

problem for the Yukawa uniﬁcation scenarios with just one pair of Higgs doublet. More than one pair of

Higgs doublets can easily arise in missing partner mechanism which solves the doublet-triplet splitting

problem. In such a scenario, the Yukawa uniﬁcation occurs at a medium tan β value, e.g., ∼ 30, which

corresponds to much smaller threshold corrections compared to usual large tan β scenario for t − b − τ

uniﬁcation in the context of SO(10) and b − τ uniﬁcation in the context of SU(5) models. Further, we

show that an additional Higgs doublet pair lowers the sensitivity of the radiative symmetry breaking of

the electroweak vacuum.

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP

1. Introduction

The Standard Model (SM) is well established to describe the

physics below the weak scale, and the SM particle content is

complete after the discovery of the Higgs boson whose mass is

125 GeV. However, 27% abundance of the universe, origin of the

electroweak scale, neutrino masses etc. are not explained in the

SM. The minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM), one of

the most elegant extension of the SM, with origin in a grand uni-

ﬁed

model, e.g., SO(10) [1], has answers for all these puzzles.

However,

there is no evidence of supersymmetry (SUSY) at the

LHC so far and this has generated constraints on the colored SUSY

masses, e.g., squarks, gluino masses need to be ≥ 2TeV [2,3]. Sim-

ilarly,

the lower bounds on non-colored SUSY masses have been

kept on increasing. This situation has impacts on scenarios with

predictions for lighter SUSY masses. One such example is a sce-

nario

which possesses uniﬁcation of third generation Yukawa cou-

plings

motivated by the grand uniﬁed theories [4–6]. This scenario

is running into diﬃculty with the current LHC constraints on the

sparticle masses [7–9]. Since the uniﬁcation of third generation

Yukawa coupling can emerge in the context of minimal SO(10)

uniﬁcation scenarios [10], one wonders whether there is a way to

circumvent this problem.

Corresponding author.

E-mail

address: mimura@riko.shimane-u.ac.jp (Y. Mimura).

In addition, the little hierarchy is becoming more ﬁne-tuned

with the non-observation of SUSY. Since the SUSY breaking scale

) associated with stop mass is moving up, it becomes closer to

the symmetry breaking scale (Q

) where the Higgs squared mass

turns negative by renormalization group equation (RGE). Q

is a

dimensionful parameter while the smallness of Q

compared to

the Planck scale is due to dimensionless parameters. The closeness

of these two unrelated scales deﬁnes the ﬁne tuning of the lit-

tle

hierarchy which is elevating with the non-observation of SUSY

particles [11–16].

Both

problems seem to be ingrained in the choice of number of

Higgs doublets in the low energy theory.

In the context of SO(10)

or SU(5) GUT models, more than one pair of Higgs doublets may

exist in the full theory. The light pair of doublet arises by choosing

smaller mass for one of the higher dimensional Higgs representa-

tions

in the missing partner doublet-triplet splitting mechanism.

However, more than one pair can easily be made light as well.

We consider such a scenario and show that both problems can be

solved, i.e., (i) Yukawa uniﬁcation and (ii) less ﬁne tuning in lit-

tle

hierarchy can be achieved in the context of 4 Higgs doublet

(4HD) SUSY models arising from SO(10) or SU(5). We show that

the Yukawa coupling uniﬁcation can be realized for lower tan β,

for which the threshold corrections are quite small.

The phenomenological implications of the multi-pair of Higgs doublets in the

low energy SUSY models are discussed in [17,18].

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2019.01.065

0370-2693/

SCOAP

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