"电热水器温度自动调节系统设计与硬件优化研究"

Abstract The electric water heater is widely used in daily life, and an automatic temperature adjustment system can bring more convenience. This paper studies the related issues in the design of a microcontroller-controlled electric water heater water temperature automatic adjustment system. According to the design principles of high reliability, strong practicality, and easy operation, a reasonable structure for the electric water heater temperature control system is designed: the paper analyzes the system design requirements and various performance indicators, discusses the selection of various components, proposes the use of the 8-bit microcontroller 89S51 and DS18B20 temperature converter to constitute the temperature acquisition system, which has higher cost-effectiveness compared to using a 16-bit microcontroller and thermistor plus A/D converter for temperature acquisition systems; in order to improve temperature control accuracy, digital PID control is adopted, which can achieve continuous and adjustable temperature control; to enhance the anti-interference ability and driving capability of the stepper motor, the design uses Schmitt triggers and Darlington power amplifiers as the stepper motor driver; to strengthen the safety performance of the system, a watchdog and audio-visual alarm circuit are also included in the design; finally, an engineering prototype is produced and hardware simulation debugging is carried out. The actual test results show that the hardware design basically meets the required technical specifications, and comparative analysis shows that this device has good prospects for application. Keywords: microcontroller; temperature conversion; stepper motor; DS18B20