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首页C# WinForm开发指南:界面设计与事件驱动应用
Winform开发手册深入介绍了Windows Form在.NET框架下的C#客户端软件开发技术。作为C#语言中常见的应用类型,Winform提供了一套丰富的Windows风格控件和事件系统,使得开发者能够轻松构建直观且高效的用户界面。本手册从基础知识开始,包括:
1. 前提条件:首先,确保已安装.NET Framework,因为Winform是其核心组成部分。这对于使用C#语言进行开发至关重要。
2. 控件工具箱:Winform的控件库非常丰富,如按钮、文本框、列表框等,这些控件通常在Visual Studio的工具箱中预置,开发者可以直接拖拽到窗口布局中,实现所需功能。
3. 控件分类:控件按字母顺序排列,便于查找和管理。从常见的文本输入、选择控件到复杂的表格和图形组件,应有尽有。
4. 菜单设计:通过菜单条目(MenuEntries)创建可定制的导航结构,使用户界面更加清晰和易于操作。
5. 演示应用和模板:提供DemoApplications,供开发者参考学习或用于原型设计,同时附带的TemplateGallery包含各种预先设计好的UI模板,加快开发速度。
6. 布局辅助工具:LayoutAssistantExtension帮助处理控件的布局问题,简化了界面布局的工作。
7. 图像管理和上下文相关的图片:支持根据应用环境动态显示图片,增强用户体验。
8. API帮助与项目设置:文档详细说明如何获取API帮助以及如何配置项目设置,确保开发过程顺利进行。
9. 创建应用程序流程:指南展示了如何一步步构建应用程序,包括选择合适的用户界面风格,如Office启发式UI、Visual Studio风格、现代Windows UI等。
10. 触摸友好的设计:针对触屏设备,提供了触摸-启用的TileUI设计方法。
11. 数据管理控件:Winform提供数据管理工具,如XtraGrid控件,支持数据的展示、编辑和打印。
12. 打印与导出:详述了如何预览和自定义打印样式,以及设置报告的纸张格式和添加个性化信息。
通过学习这本手册,无论是初学者还是经验丰富的开发人员都能掌握Winform开发的基本原理和实践技巧,从而构建出满足各种需求的高质量客户端应用程序。
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........................................................................................................................................................................... 3181Single Record View Layout
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3183Multiple Records View Layout
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3184Data Editing and Validation
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3184In-place Editors
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3186Assigning Editors to Editor Rows
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3190Assigning Editors to Multi-Editor Rows
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3195Showing and Hiding Editors
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3198Validation
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3203Filtering
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3206Formatting Values
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3207Drag and Drop
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3208OLE Drag and Drop
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3211VerticalGrid as the Source of Drag and Drop
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3219VerticalGrid as the Target of Drag and Drop
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3227Dragging Rows
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3231Appearance and Custom Painting
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3231Appearances
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3234Style Schemes
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3236Customizing Appearances of Individual Rows
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3237Customizing Appearances of Individual Cells
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3240Specifying Styles Using Custom Painting Events
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3242Custom Painting
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3244Elements that can be Custom Painted
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3245Custom Painting Samples
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3250Alpha Blending and Background Images
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3251Apply Alpha Blending Using Appearances
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3256Apply Alpha Blending Using Custom Painting
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3259Visual Elements
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3260Band
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3262Category
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3263Category Expand Button
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3264Cell
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3265Customization Form
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3266Expand Button
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3267Filter Buttons
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3268Filter Panel and Filter Editor
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3270Find Panel
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3273Record
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3274Row
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3275Row Header
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3276Row Header Image
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3277Row Header Indent
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3278Row Header Panel
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3279Separator
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3280Design-Time Features
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3281Rows Page
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3283In-place Editor Repository Page
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3285Layout Designer Page
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3286Default Editors Page
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3287Appearance Page
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3288Style Schemes Page
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3289End-User Capabilities
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3290Editing Data
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3291Expanding and Collapsing Rows
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3292Navigating Through Cells
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3293Resizing Rows and Records
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3294Using Drag and Drop
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3295Hit Information
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.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3298Batch Modifications
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3300Member Tables
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3300Member Table: Formatting
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3301Examples
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3302How to: Format Values in the Vertical Grid Using Standard Format Strings
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3303How to: Print a Vertical Grid and Show its Print Preview
........................................................................................................................................................................................... 3304Property Grid
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3312Office View
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3317How to: Filter an object's properties using the CustomPropertyDescriptors event
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3319How to: Edit properties of multiple objects in a single PropertyGridControl
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3324How to: Sort properties using the CustomPropertyDescriptors event
........................................................................................................................................................................................... 3329Pivot Grid
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3335Getting Started
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3336Lesson 1 - Bind a Pivot Grid to an MDB Database
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3350Lesson 2 - Bind a Pivot Grid to an OLAP Cube
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3357Tutorial Videos
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3358Included Components
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3359Fundamentals
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3360Pivot Grid Fields
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3362Information Presentation Basics
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3365Hierarchical Value Presentation
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3367Product Class Structure
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3368Main Features
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3369Binding to Data
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3370Binding to Data Overview
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3372Data Source Configuration Wizard
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3373ADO.NET Data
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3380SQL Data
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3381Excel Data Source
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3382Unbound Data Source
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3383Entity Framework Data
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3389Entity Framework (EF) Core
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3390LINQ to SQL
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3395WCF Data Services
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3401OData V4
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3402XPO Data Source
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3408IList and IEnumerable Data Sources
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3412XML Data
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3415OLAP Cube
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3416BindingSource Component Specifics
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3417OLAP Data Source
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3418Binding to OLAP Data Sources
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3425Requirements and Limitations
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3427Database Server Mode
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3428Binding to a Data Source Using Entity Framework
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3431Binding to a Data Source Using 'LINQ to SQL Classes'
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3434Unbound Fields
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3441Local Data Stores
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3442Asynchronous Mode
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3446Data Shaping
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3447Summarization
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3448Summaries
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3448Summaries Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3449Automatic Summaries
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3449Custom Summaries
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3451Summary Display Modes
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3452Variation Modes
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3452Percentage Modes
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.............................................................................................................................................................. 3455Rank Modes
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3457Index Mode
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3457Accessing Cell Values
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3457Obtaining Underlying Data
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3460Totals
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3464Aggregation Levels
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3465Grouping
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3470Sorting
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3471Sorting Data
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3472Displaying Top N Values for a Field
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3474Sorting by Summary
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3478Filtering
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3479Filtering Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3485Group Filtering
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3488Prefilter
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3490Filtering by Summaries
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3490Filtering by Summaries Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3491Using Summary Filters
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3495OLAP Filtering Specifics
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3495OLAP Filtering Specifics
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3496Editing
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3497Cell Editors Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3499Assigning Editors to Data Field's Cells
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3501Assigning Editors to Individual Cells
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3505Assigning Editors for In-place Editing
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3508Preventing Editors from Being Activated
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3509Data Formatting
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3511Data Analysis
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3512Conditional Formatting
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3521Integration with the Chart Control
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3524Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3528Layout
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3529Field Location and Order
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3530Data Cell Layout
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3533Field Groups
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3535Customization Form
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3536Customization Form Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3538Customization Form Styles
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3541User Folders
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3543Best Fit
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3545Save and Restore Layout
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3548Focus and Navigation
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3549Focusing Cells and Scrolling
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3550Selecting Data Cells
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3552Printing and Exporting
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3553Printing
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3562Exporting
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3566Appearance
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3567Appearances
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3570Custom Draw
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3573Look and Feel
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3574PivotGridControl Elements Painted via Appearances
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3577Design-Time Features
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3578PivotGrid Designer
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3579Fields Page
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3581Groups Page
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3582Layout Page
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3584Appearances Page
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.............................................................................................................................................................. 3586Format Rules Page
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3588Print Appearances Page
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3590Print Settings Page
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3592On-form Object Access
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3593Miscellaneous
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3594Hints and Tooltips
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3596Hit Information
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3598Copy Data to the Clipboard
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3600UI Elements
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3601Cell
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3603Column Field
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3605Column Header Area
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3606Data Area
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3607Data Field
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3609Data Field Summary Change Menu
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3610Data Header Area
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3611Empty Area
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3612Expand Button
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3613Field Header
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3614Field Header Context Menu
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3615Field Value
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3617Field Value Context Menu
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3618Filter Button and Popup
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3620Filter Field
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3621Filter Header Area
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3622Filter Header Area Separator
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3623Grand Totals
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3624Header Area
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3625Header Area Context Menu
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3626Filter Panel
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3627Row Field
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3629Row Header Area
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3630Summary Filter Popup Window
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3632Totals
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3634End-User Capabilities
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3635Controlling the Visibility of Fields
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3638Editing Unbound Expression
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3639Reordering Fields
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3640Resizing Columns
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3641Navigating Through Cells
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3642Selecting Cells
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3644Expanding and Collapsing Grouping Columns and Rows
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3646Sorting
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3647Filtering
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3648Filtering Against Dimension Fields
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3650Filtering by Summary Values
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3650Apply Filtering
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3652Move the Selected Range
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3653Zoom and Move the Viewport
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3654Specify Target Cells
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3654Clear Filtering
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3656Changing Summary Type
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3657Applying Conditional Formatting
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3658Data Editing
.................................................................................................................................................................................. 3659Examples
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3661Providing Data
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3662How to: Bind a PivotGridControl to a Database
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3665How to: Bind a Pivot Grid to an OLAP Datasource
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.............................................................................................................................................................. 3668How to: Bind a PivotGridControl to an OLAP Cube Using the OLE DB Data Provider
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3671How to: Bind a PivotGridControl to an OLAP Cube Using the ADOMD.NET Data Provider
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3673How to: Bind a PivotGridControl to an OLAP Cube via XMLA
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3675How to: Add an Unbound Field to Supply Additional Data
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3677How to: Add an Unbound Field to Change Axis Detailing
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3679How to: Provide Data for an Unbound Field Using Expressions
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3680How to: Save PivotGridControl Data to a File and Work with It Later
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3681How to: Bind a PivotGridControl to a Database at Design Time Using Server Mode
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3688Data-Related Features
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3689How to: Implement Custom Summary
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3691How To: Display Custom Summary in Totals
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3696How to: Display Underlying Records
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3698How to: Add Custom Totals
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3700How to: Calculate Multiple Custom Totals with Custom Summary Type
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3707How to: Group Date-Time Values
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3708How to: Implement Custom Group Intervals
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3710How to: Sort Data by a Data Field
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3711How to: Sort Data by Columns (Rows) in Code
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3713How to: Sort Data by Columns (Rows) in OLAP Mode
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3715How to: Sort Data in Server Mode Using Custom Sorting Algorithm
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3718How to: Sort the Pivot Grid's Data by OLAP Member Properties
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3720How to: Apply Filter to a Field
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3721How to: Apply Summary Filter
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3723How to: Prevent End-Users From Changing Filter Conditions
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3725How to: Add and Remove Items From Filter Drop-Down Lists
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3727How to: Implement Group Filter for a PivotGrid
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3729How to: Change the Prefilter Criteria in Code
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3730How to: Use Asynchronous Operations That Return the Result
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3732How to: Sort Filter Drop-Down Items in a Custom Manner
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3734How to: Locate a Column (Row) Header By Its Column's (Row's) Summary Values
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3738How to: Format Cells to Show Custom Display Text
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3740Data Editing
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3741How to: Assign an In-place Editor to a Data Field's Cells
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3742How to: Assign In-place Editors to Particular Cells
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3747How to: Override the Default Cell Editor for the In-Place Editing
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3750How to: Prevent Editors from Being Opened for Individual Cells
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3751Layout Features
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3752How to: Group Fields
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3753How to: Create User Folders within the Customization Form
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3755How to: Split Field Value Cells
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3764How to: Display the Customization Form near the PivotGridControl
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3766How to: Hide Individual Rows and Columns
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3775Data Formatting
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3776How to: Format Cell Values
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3777Data Output
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3778How to: Visualize Pivot Grid Data via the XtraCharts Suite
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3779How to: Customize PivotGridControl Data before Displaying It in a Chart Control
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3781How to: Export Data
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3782How to: Customize a Cell in the Exported Excel Document
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3785How to: Print a PivotGrid and Show its Print Preview
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3787How to: Copy Data to the Clipboard
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3789Appearance
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3790How to: Customize Appearances of Cells via an Event
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3791How to: Apply Conditional Formatting to Data Cells
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3794How to: Custom Paint Cells
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3797How to: Change the Field Value Header Appearance
........................................................................................................................................................................... 3798Miscellaneous
.............................................................................................................................................................. 3799How to: Save and Restore Layout
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