TMS320 DSP算法标准规则与指南概述

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本文档是关于TMS320 DSP（数字信号处理器）算法标准的规则与指南，由DaVinci公司和TI（德州仪器）发布，文献编号为SPRU352E，发布日期为2002年10月。文档强调了在设计和优化TMS320 DSP算法时的重要注意事项，并提供了一套详细的编程规范。 1.1 范围：该标准适用于TMS320 DSP的算法开发，包括定义开发过程中的规则和指导原则。它涵盖了对算法性能、代码结构和模块化设计的要求，目的是为了提高代码的可读性、可维护性和效率。 1.1.1 规则和准则：标准规定了代码编写应遵循的最佳实践，如使用C语言，确保线程安全和可重入性，以及合理管理内存（数据和程序）。此外，还强调了模块化设计的重要性，以便于模块间的交互和复用。 2.2 编程指南：文档详细讨论了编程技巧，如C语言的正确使用，不同类型的多任务处理（预抢占式和非预抢占式），如何处理数据和程序内存，以及如何使代码适配硬件平台（如ROM-ability）。同时，对使用外围设备也提供了指导。 3.1 算法组件模型：标准提出了一种组件模型，强调接口和模块的清晰定义，包括外部标识符的命名规则，模块初始化和终止机制，以及对象创建和配置。通过示例模块展示了这些概念的实际应用。值得注意的是，文档指出TI不对应用程序支持或客户产品设计负责，用户需自行承担风险并确保他们的产品符合TI的销售条款和标准保修政策。此外，尽管TI会定期更新产品和服务，但用户应始终获取最新的相关信息并验证其适用性。此标准为TMS320 DSP的开发者提供了一个全面的指南，帮助他们优化算法，提高代码质量，遵循最佳实践，并充分利用硬件特性。对于从事TMS320 DSP项目的专业人士来说，理解和遵循这些规则和指导是至关重要的，以确保项目的成功实施和高效运行。

Requirements of the Standard

1-4

1.2 Requirements of the Standard

This section lists the required elements of the TMS320 DSP Algorithm

Standard. These requirements are used throughout the remainder of the

document to motivate design choices. They also help clarify the intent of many

of the stated rules and guidelines.

- Algorithms from multiple vendors can be integrated into a single system.

- Algorithms are framework-agnostic. That is, the same algorithm can be

efficiently used in virtually any application or framework.

- Algorithms can be deployed in purely static as well as dynamic run-time

environments.

- Algorithms can be distributed in binary form.

- Integration of algorithms does not require recompilation of the client

application, although reconfiguration and relinking may be required.

A huge number of DSP algorithms are needed in today’s marketplace,

including modems, vocoders, speech recognizers, echo cancellation, and

text-to-speech. It is not possible for a product developer, who wants to

leverage this rich set of algorithms, to obtain all the necessary algorithms from

a single source. On the other hand, integrating algorithms from multiple

vendors is often impossible due to incompatibilities between the various

implementations. In order to break this Catch-22, eXpressDSP-compliant

algorithms from different vendors must all interoperate.

Dozens of distinct third-party DSP frameworks exist in the telephony vertical

market alone. Each vendor has hundreds and sometimes thousands of

customers. Yet, no one framework dominates the market. To achieve the goal

of algorithm reuse, the same algorithm must be usable in all frameworks.

Marketplace fragmentation by various frameworks has a legitimate technical

basis. Each framework optimizes performance for an intended class of

systems. For example, client systems are designed as single-channel

systems with limited memory, limited power, and lower-cost DSPs. As a result,

they are quite sensitive to performance degradation. Server systems, on the

other hand, use a single DSP to handle multiple channels, thus reducing the

cost per channel. As a result, they must support a dynamic environment. Yet,

both client-side and server-side systems may require exactly the same

vocoders.

It is important that algorithms be deliverable in binary form. This not only

protects the algorithm vendor’s intellectual property; it also improves the

reusability of the algorithm. If source code were required, all clients would

require recompilation. In addition to being destabilizing for the clients, version

control for the algorithms would be close to impossible.

Goals of the Standard

1-5Overview

1.3 Goals of the Standard

This section contains the goals of this standard. While it may not be possible

to perfectly attain these goals, they represent the primary concerns that should

be addressed after addressing the required elements described in the

previous section.

- Easy to adhere to the standard

- Possible to verify conformance to standard

- Enable system integrators to easily migrate between TI DSPs

- Enable host tools to simplify a system integrator’s tasks, including

configuration, performance modeling, standard conformance, and

debugging.

- Incur little or no “overhead” for static systems

Although TI currently enjoys a leadership role in the DSP marketplace, it

cannot directly control the algorithm software base. This is especially true for

relatively mature DSPs, such as the C54xx family, where significant algorithm

technology currently exists. Thus, for any specification to achieve the status

of a standard, it must represent a low hurdle for the legacy code base.

While we can all agree to a guideline that states that every algorithm must be

of high quality, this type of guideline cannot be measured or verified. This

non-verification or non-measurement enables system integrators to claim that

all their algorithms are of high quality, and therefore will not place a value on

the guideline in this instance. Thus, it is important that each guideline be

measurable or, in some sense, verifiable.

While this standard does define an algorithm’s APIs in a DSP-independent

manner, it does not seek to solve the DSP migration problem. For example,

it does not require that algorithms be provided on both a C54x and a C6x

platform. It does not specify a multiple binary object file format to enable a

single binary to be used in both a C5x and a C6x design. Nor does it supply

tools to translate code from one architecture to another or require the use of

an architecture independent language (such as C) in the implementation of

algorithms.

Wherever possible, this standard tries to anticipate the needs of the system

integrator and provide rules for the development of algorithms that allow host

tools to be created that will assist the integration of these algorithms. For

example, rules related to algorithm naming conventions enable tools that

automatically resolve name conflicts and select alternate implementations as

appropriate.

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