精通Java进行Android开发

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"《Learn Java for Android Development》是由Jeff“JavaJeff”Friesen编著的一本关于使用Java进行Android应用开发的书籍。本书旨在帮助读者掌握开发Android应用程序所需的Java技能和知识。" 本书深入浅出地介绍了如何利用Java语言进行Android应用的开发，适合对Android开发感兴趣并有一定Java基础的读者。作者Jeff“JavaJeff”Friesen以其丰富的经验和专业知识，引导读者逐步了解和掌握Android开发的核心技术。首先，书中会详细讲解Java语言的基础知识，包括语法、类和对象、接口、异常处理等，这些都是编写Android应用的基础。对于初学者来说，理解这些概念对于后续的Android框架学习至关重要。作者会通过实例演示如何在Java环境中编写和调试代码，以提升读者的编程能力。其次，书中将探讨Android开发环境的搭建，如安装Android Studio、配置SDK以及AVD（Android虚拟设备）的创建。这些内容是开发者进行实际项目开发前的必要准备。接着，书中的重点会转向Android SDK，详细介绍Android系统的架构和组件，包括Activity、Intent、Service、Broadcast Receiver以及Content Provider等。读者将学习如何设计用户界面，使用XML布局文件，并掌握数据持久化的方法，如SQLite数据库和文件存储。此外，本书还会涉及Android的异步处理机制，如AsyncTask和Handler，以及多线程编程，这对于优化应用程序性能和用户体验至关重要。同时，作者还会讨论Android的通知系统、权限管理以及如何进行应用的测试和调试。最后，书中可能会包含一些高级话题，如JNI（Java Native Interface）和NDK（Native Development Kit），用于与C/C++代码交互，或者性能要求极高的场景。此外，可能还会涵盖一些最佳实践和设计模式，帮助开发者写出高质量、可维护的Android应用。《Learn Java for Android Development》是一本全面介绍使用Java进行Android应用开发的教程，涵盖了从基础知识到高级技术的广泛内容，适合希望投身Android开发领域的读者。通过阅读本书，读者不仅可以深入理解Java语言，还能掌握构建高效、功能丰富的Android应用程序所需的各种技巧和工具。

■ INTRODUCTION

xiv

Note: You can download this book’s source code by pointing your web browser to

www.apress.com/book/view/1430231564 and clicking the Source Code link under Book Resources.

Although most of this code is compilable with Java version 6, you will need Java version 7 to compile one

of the applications.

Chapter 1 introduces you to Java by first focusing on Java’s dual nature (language and

platform). It then briefly introduces you to Sun’s/Oracle’s Java SE, Java EE, and Java ME editions

of the Java development software, as well as Google’s Android edition. You next learn how to

download and install the Java SE Development Kit (JDK), and learn some Java basics by

developing and playing with a pair of simple Java applications. After receiving a brief

introduction to the NetBeans and Eclipse IDEs, you learn about application development in the

context of Four of a Kind, a console-based card game.

Chapter 2 starts you on an in-depth journey of the Java language by focusing on language

fundamentals (such as types, expressions, variables, and statements) in the contexts of classes

and objects. Because applications are largely based on classes, it is important to learn how to

architect classes correctly, and this chapter shows you how to do so.

Chapter 3 adds to Chapter 2’s pool of object-based knowledge by introducing you to those

language features that take you from object-based applications to object-oriented applications.

Specifically, you learn about features related to inheritance, polymorphism, and interfaces. While

exploring inheritance, you learn about Java’s ultimate superclass. Also, while exploring interfaces,

you discover the real reason for their inclusion in the Java language; interfaces are not merely a

workaround for Java’s lack of support for multiple implementation inheritance, but serve a

higher purpose.

Chapter 4 introduces you to four categories of advanced language features: nested types,

packages, static imports, and exceptions. While discussing nested types, I briefly introduce the

concept of a closure and state that closures will appear in Java version 7 (which many expect to

arrive later this year).

Note: I wrote this book several months before Java version 7’s expected arrival in the fall of 2010.

Although I have tried to present an accurate portrayal of version 7–specific language features, it is possible

that feature syntax may differ somewhat from what is presented in this book. Also, I only discuss closures

briefly because this feature was still in a state of flux while writing this book. For more information about

closures and other functional programming concepts (such as lambdas) being considered for Java version 7, I

recommend that you check out articles such as “Functional Programming Concepts in JDK 7” by Alex Collins

(

http://java.dzone.com/articles/lambdas-closures-jdk-7).

Chapter 5 continues to explore advanced language features by focusing on assertions,

annotations, generics, and enums. Although the topic of generics has brought confusion to many

developers, I believe that my discussion of this topic will clear up much of the murkiness. Among

other items, you learn how to interpret type declarations such as Enum<E extends Enum<E>>.

Chapter 6 begins a trend that focuses more on APIs than language features. This chapter first

introduces you to many of Java’s math-oriented types (such as Math, StrictMath, BigDecimal, and

BigInteger), and also introduces you to Java’s strictfp reserved word. It then looks at the

Package class, primitive wrapper classes, and the References API.

■ INTRODUCTION

Chapter 7 continues to explore Java’s basic APIs by focusing on reflection, string

management, the System class, and threading.

Chapter 8 focuses exclusively on Java’s collections framework, which provides you with a

solution for organizing objects in lists, sets, queues, and maps.

Chapter 9 continues to explore Java’s utility APIs by introducing you to the concurrency

utilities, internationalization, preferences, random number generation, and regular expressions.

Chapter 10 is all about input/output (I/O). In this chapter, you explore Java’s classic I/O

support in terms of its File class, RandomAccessFile class, various stream classes, and various

writer/reader classes. My discussion of stream I/O includes coverage of Java’s object serialization

and deserialization mechanisms.

Note: This book largely discusses APIs that are common to Java SE and Android. However, it diverges from

this practice in Chapter 9, where I use the Swing toolkit to provide a graphical user interface for one of this

chapter’s internationalization examples. (Android does not support Swing.)

After you complete this book, I recommend that you obtain a copy of Beginning Android 2 by

Mark L Murphy (Apress, 2010; ISBN: 1430226293) and start learning how to develop Android

apps. In that book, “you’ll learn how to develop applications for Android 2.x mobile devices,

using simple examples that are ready to run with your copy of the JDK.”

Note: Over the next few months, I will make available at my javajeff.mb.ca website six additional PDF-

based chapters. These chapters will introduce you to more Java APIs (such as networking and database

APIs) that I could not discuss in this book because the book has greatly exceeded its initial 400-page

estimate (and the good folks at Apress have been gracious enough to let me do so, but there are limits). I

present more information about these PDF files at the end of Chapter 10’s “Summary” section.

Thanks for purchasing my book. I hope you find it a helpful preparation for, and I wish you

lots of success in achieving, a satisfying and lucrative career as an Android app developer.

Jeff “JavaJeff” Friesen, August 2010

CHAPTER 1: Getting Started with Java

NOTE: Java has an interesting history that dates back to December 1990. At that time, James

Gosling, Patrick Naughton, and Mike Sheridan (all employees of Sun Microsystems) were given

the task of figuring out the next major trend in computing. They concluded that one trend would

involve the convergence of computing devices and intelligent consumer appliances. Thus was

born the Green project.

The fruits of Green were Star7, a handheld wireless device featuring a five-inch color LCD

screen, a SPARC processor, a sophisticated graphics capability, and a version of Unix; and Oak, a

language developed by James Gosling for writing applications to run on Star7, and which he

named after an oak tree growing outside of his office window at Sun. To avoid a conflict with

another language of the same name, Dr. Gosling changed this language’s name to Java.

Sun Microsystems subsequently evolved the Java language and platform until Oracle acquired

Sun in early 2010. Check out http://java.sun.com/ for the latest Java news from Oracle.

Java Is a Language

Java is a language in which developers express source code (program text). Java’s

syntax (rules for combining symbols into language features) is partly patterned after the

C and C++ languages to shorten the learning curve for C/C++ developers.

The following list identifies a few similarities between Java and C/C++:

 Java and C/C++ share the same single-line and multiline comment

styles. Comments let you document source code.

 Many of Java’s reserved words are identical to their C/C++

counterparts (for, if, switch, and while are examples) and C++

counterparts (catch, class, public, and try are examples).

 Java also supports character, double precision floating-point, floating-

point, integer, long integer, and short integer primitive types, and via

the same char, double, float, int, long, and short reserved words.

 Java also supports many of the same operators, including arithmetic

(+, -, *, /, and %) and conditional (?:) operators.

 Java also uses brace characters ({ and }) to delimit blocks of

statements.

The following list identifies a few differences between Java and C/C++:

 Java supports an additional comment style known as Javadoc. (I will

briefly introduce Javadoc later in this chapter.)

 Java provides reserved words not found in C/C++ (extends, strictfp,

synchronized, and transient are examples).

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