第 19 卷第 4 期 中国有色金属学报 2009 年 4 月
Vol.19 No.4 The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals Apr. 2009
文章编号:1004-0609(2009)04-0662-08
高 Cr 铸造 Ni 基高温合金 K4648 的显微组织
郑 亮,肖程波,唐定中,顾国红,汤 鑫
(北京航空材料研究院 先进高温结构材料国防科技重点实验室,北京 100095)
摘 要:真空感应熔炼高 Cr 铸造 Ni 基高温合金 K4648,重熔浇注成等轴晶成形试棒。对薄截面试棒和厚截面中
柱管浇道进行(1 180 ℃, 4 h)固溶处理和(1 180 ℃, 4 h)+(900 ℃, 16 h)标准热处理。铸态和热处理态试样通过光学
金相、定量金相、扫描电镜及能谱分析和 X 射线衍射分析确定合金中相的种类、形貌和成分。结果表明:K4648
合金铸态组织中主要存在 γ 基体、初生 α 相和 MC 碳化物;初生 α 相是 Ni、Mo 和 W 在 Cr 中的过饱和固溶体,
其中 Ni 含量(摩尔分数)可达 30%以上,本研究中的 α 相可命名为 α-(Cr, Ni);在 0.2 N 载荷下,该 α 相的维氏显微
硬度值为 6.3 GPa,是一种硬而脆的相;经(1 180 ℃, 4 h)固溶处理,初生 α 相和 MC 碳化物都会回溶,并且转变
为 M
23
C
6
碳化物,M
23
C
6
碳化物比初生 α 相具有更高的 Cr 含量和更低的 Ni 含量。固溶处理后特别是在厚截面试
样中还残存未转变的 α 相和 MC 碳化物。(1 180 ℃, 4 h)+(900 ℃, 16 h)标准热处理后,合金内部广泛析出片状次
生 α 相和 γ′-Ni
3
(Al, Ti ,Nb)相,且在晶界区补充析出粒状 M
23
C
6
碳化物,起到强化合金的作用。
关键词:镍基高温合金;K4648;α-(Cr, Ni)相;M
23
C
6
碳化物;显微组织
中图分类号:TG 132.3; TG 113 文献标识码: A
Microstructure of high Cr content cast Ni-base superalloy K4648
ZHENG Liang, XIAO Cheng-bo, TANG Ding-zhong, GU Guo-hong, TANG Xin
(National Key Laboratory of Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials,
Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China)
Abstract: High Cr content cast Ni-base superalloy K4648 was prepared by vacuum induction melting (VIM). The ingot
was remelted and poured into the investment mold to make shape equiaxed test bars. The solid solution treatment of
(1 180 ℃, 4 h, A.C.) and standard heat treatment of (1 180 ℃, 4 h, A.C.)+(900 ℃, 16 h, A.C.) were carried out on both
the small size section shaped test bars and large size section runner riser. The as-cast and heat-treated specimens with
different section sizes were analyzed by optical metallograhpy (OM), quantitative metallography (QM), scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) to determine the type,
morphology, and composition of phases in K4648 alloy. The results indicate that the primary phases in K4648 alloy are
mainly γ matrix, α phase and MC carbide. The primary α phase is an oversaturated solid solution of (Ni+Mo+W) in Cr.
The concentration (molar fraction) of element Ni can reach above 30%, thereby primary α phase in this study can be
nominated as α-(Cr, Ni). At the load of 0.2 N, α-(Cr, Ni) possesses a Vickers microhardness of 6.3 GPa, which is a brittle
and hard phase. The heavy section castings exhibit larger size and amount of primary α phase, which is a kind of harmful
phase and needs to be controlled. The primary α phase and MC carbides will solid-solution and transform to M
23
C
6
carbide after (1 180 ℃, 4 h) treatment. The M
23
C
6
carbide possesses higher Cr content and lower Ni content than that of
primary α phase. The residual primary α phase and MC carbides exist after (1 180 ℃, 4 h) solid-solution treatment
especially in specimens with large section size. The plate-like secondary α phase and γ′-Ni
3
(Al, Ti, Nb) precipitate
收稿日期:2008-06-30;修订日期:2008-11-17
通讯作者:郑 亮,工程师;电话:010-62496360;传真:010-62496371;E-mail: zheng_liang@tom.com