跨域虚拟网络嵌入优化：连接多网络资源的高效策略

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跨多个网络域实现有效的虚拟网络嵌入是一项重要的研究课题，随着网络虚拟化技术的发展，如何在共享基础设施上同时运行多个虚拟网络（VNs）变得越来越关键。传统的虚拟网络映射（VN embedding）问题主要关注单个网络域内的资源分配，然而，在实际场景中，由于一个单一的网络域往往无法控制完整的端到端路径，因此跨域（inter-domain）的虚拟网络嵌入更为实用。现有的研究多局限在单个网络域内解决虚拟网络的部署难题，而跨域虚拟网络嵌入则涉及更复杂的资源协调与策略设计。它涉及到不同网络服务提供商（InPs）之间的合作与资源共享，这些提供商通常不愿意公开其底层网络资源的信息，这就增加了嵌入过程中的挑战。为了实现有效的跨域虚拟网络嵌入，研究人员 Meng Shen、Ke Xu、Kun Yang 和 Hsiao-Hwa Chen 等提出了一种新的方法。他们关注的关键点在于： 1. **跨域通信架构**：理解不同网络域间的路由协议和连接机制，以确保虚拟网络的数据传输能够在多个网络间顺畅进行。 2. **动态资源管理**：设计算法来实时监控和调整跨域的网络资源，包括带宽、节点和链路，以适应不断变化的需求。 3. **策略优化**：利用博弈论或者机器学习等手段，开发智能策略来寻找最优的虚拟网络布局，兼顾资源利用率和性能一致性。 4. **隐私保护与安全**：在信息不对称的情况下，如何保护InPs的商业秘密，同时确保虚拟网络的安全性和完整性。 5. **协议标准化**：推动跨域虚拟网络相关标准的制定，以便各网络域之间的无缝协同工作。 6. **可扩展性**：设计能够处理大规模网络和复杂拓扑结构的高效算法，以应对未来网络规模的增长。 7. **实验验证与评估**：通过仿真或真实环境下的测试，验证跨域虚拟网络嵌入方案的性能和可行性，为实际应用提供依据。跨多个网络域实现有效的虚拟网络嵌入不仅需要深入理解网络技术和架构，还需要解决复杂的资源管理和策略优化问题，同时兼顾隐私保护和协议统一。这是一项具有前瞻性和实际价值的研究领域，对于构建灵活、高效和安全的网络基础设施至关重要。

Towards Efﬁcient Virtual Network Embedding

Across Multiple Network Domains

Meng Shen

∗

, Ke Xu

∗

, Kun Yang

†

, and Hsiao-Hwa Chen

‡

∗

Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology

Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University, P. R. China

†

School of Computer Science & Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, UK

‡

Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan

{shenmeng, ke.xu}@csnet1.cs.tsinghua.edu.cn; kunyang@essex.ac.uk; hshwchen@mail.ncku.edu.tw

Abstract—Network virtualization provides a promising way

to run multiple virtual networks (VNs) simultaneously on a

shared infrastructure. It is critical to efﬁciently map VNs onto

substrate resources, which is known as the VN embedding

problem. Most existing studies restrict this problem in a single

substrate domain, whereas the VN embedding process across

multiple domains (i.e., inter-domain embedding) is more practical,

because a single domain rarely controls an entire end-to-end path.

Since infrastructure providers (InPs) are usually reluctant to

expose their substrate information, the inter-domain embedding

is more sophisticated than the intra-domain case.

In this paper, we develop an efﬁcient solution to facilitate

the inter-domain embedding problem. We start with extending

the current business roles by employing a broker-like role,

virtual network provider (VNP), to make centralized embedding

decisions. Accordingly, a reasonable information sharing scheme

is proposed to provide VNP with partial substrate information

meanwhile keeping InPs’ conﬁdential information. Then we

formulate the embedding problem as an integer programming

problem. By relaxing integer constraints, we devise an inter-

domain embedding algorithm to handle online VN requests

in polynomial time. Simulation results show that our solution

outperforms other counterparts and achieves 80%-90% of the

benchmarks in an ideal scenario where VNP has complete

knowledge of all substrate information.

I. INTRODUCTION

Network virtualization has emerged as a powerful way to

allow multiple virtual networks coexist in a shared infras-

tructure. This is done by decoupling infrastructure providers

(InPs), who are responsible for managing the connectivity

of the substrate networks, from service providers (SPs), who

are dedicated to providing services to end users [1]. Re-

cent advances in network equipment virtualization [19] and

software-deﬁned networking (SDN) [20] open possibilities for

implementing such an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) model,

where service providers deploy their protocols on customized

virtual networks and pay for the resource usage.

A virtual network (VN) is a collection of virtual nodes

(e.g., routers) interconnected via a set of virtual links. Each

VN, with requirement constraints on its virtual nodes and links

(e.g., CPU and link bandwidth [7]), should be mapped onto

speciﬁc physical nodes and links in the substrate network,

which is known as the VN embedding problem. Since multiple

VNs share the same substrate resources, an efﬁcient embedding

algorithm is crucial to increase the utilization of the substrate

resources and the revenue of InPs [8]. In this paper we use

embedding and mapping interchangeably.

Many algorithms and mechanisms have been proposed

to make efﬁcient embedding decisions, e.g., [4, 5, 7–10].

These studies restrict the embedding problem within the same

substrate domain, which is referred to as the intra-domain em-

bedding hereafter. However, an individual InP rarely controls

an entire end-to-end path [1], service providers thus desire

virtual networks across multiple substrate domains so as to

offer value-added services to end users. For example, Voice

over IP (VoIP) needs to run a dedicated virtual network that

provides services with guaranteed performance (e.g., latency)

to users in multiple network domains; live-streaming video

providers require high-throughput virtual networks that deliver

real-time video resources to their geographically distributed

private servers. In this paper, we refer to the VN embedding

across multiple substrate domains as the inter-domain embed-

ding.

We argue that the inter-domain embedding is greatly differ-

ent from the intra-domain one, and thus algorithms proposed

for the latter cannot be directly applied to the former case.

Within a single domain, both the detailed substrate network

topology and VN requests are visible to an InP, who, in

turn, makes optimal embedding decisions according to its

operational goals (e.g., minimizing the embedding cost of the

current VN request). In the inter-domain scenario, however,

InPs are typically reluctant to share substrate topology with

each other. Therefore, no individual InP can make a global

embedding decision for a cross-domain VN request.

A straight-forward solution to the inter-domain embedding

can be described as follows: a service provider, who requires

a cross-domain VN, should ﬁrst coordinate with each of

the potential InPs and then decide to require which InP to

accommodate which component of the entire VN. It makes

the service provider involved in multiple bilateral coordina-

tions and negotiations, and thus sacriﬁces a major beneﬁt of

decoupling these two roles. In particular, it is even more costly

for SPs who need to quickly set up short-term VNs.

In this paper, we develop an efﬁcient solution to the inter-

domain embedding, which frees service providers from sophis-

ticated negotiations, while protecting infrastructure providers

from revealing their conﬁdential information. The major con-

tribution of this paper, which comes along with addressing978-1-4799-4852-9/14/$31.00

 2014 IEEE

2014 IEEE 22nd International Symposium of Quality of Service (IWQoS)

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