提升Perl编程实践:打造可维护的代码

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"Perl Best Practices" 是一本由 Damian Conway 编写的书籍,旨在帮助程序员编写更易维护、高效且风格统一的 Perl 代码。书中强调了遵循规则、约定、标准和实践的重要性,尤其是在 Perl 这种支持多种实现方式的语言中,统一的编码风格能促进团队间的沟通与协作。 书中提出了256条关于代码布局、命名规范、数据和控制结构的选择、程序分解、接口设计与实现、模块化、面向对象编程、错误处理、测试和调试等方面的指导原则。这些原则的目的是使代码清晰、健壮、高效、易于维护且精炼。作者 Conway 并不声称这些是唯一正确的最佳实践,而是基于实际编程经验提出的实用建议,而非纯理论性的构想。 Conway 博士的写作风格幽默,他以丰富的实战经验和全球开发者广泛采用的实践为基础,提供了真正有效的指导。这本书不仅仅是针对 Perl 的最佳实践,还反映了如何在实际工作中有效地解决问题和表达解决方案的理念。读者可以从中学习到如何写出既能完成任务又不会造成障碍的代码,从而提升自己的编程技能和专业素养。 书中的内容涵盖了多个方面,例如: 1. **代码布局**:讨论如何组织代码以提高可读性,包括缩进、空格、换行等。 2. **命名规范**:如何选择变量、函数和类名,以确保命名具有描述性和一致性。 3. **数据和控制结构**:何时使用哪种数据结构(如数组、哈希等)以及循环结构的选择。 4. **程序分解**:模块化编程的概念,将大型程序拆分为小而独立的部分。 5. **接口设计与实现**:创建简洁、明确的 API,以便其他程序员可以轻松地使用你的代码。 6. **面向对象编程**:Perl 中的 OOP 实践,包括类的设计、继承和多态性。 7. **错误处理**:如何有效地捕获和处理程序中的错误,以提高代码的健壮性。 8. **测试和调试**:自动化测试的策略和调试技巧,以确保代码的正确性。 “Perl Best Practices”是一本对于想要提升 Perl 编程水平的专业人士来说不可或缺的参考书,它不仅提供了实用的编码指导,还促进了整个编程社区的最佳实践共享。
2010-01-12 上传
Many programmers code by instinct, relying on convenient habits or a "style" they picked up early on. They aren't conscious of all the choices they make, like how they format their source, the names they use for variables, or the kinds of loops they use. They're focused entirely on problems they're solving, solutions they're creating, and algorithms they're implementing. So they write code in the way that seems natural, that happens intuitively, and that feels good. But if you're serious about your profession, intuition isn't enough. Perl Best Practices author Damian Conway explains that rules, conventions, standards, and practices not only help programmers communicate and coordinate with one another, they also provide a reliable framework for thinking about problems, and a common language for expressing solutions. This is especially critical in Perl, because the language is designed to offer many ways to accomplish the same task, and consequently it supports many incompatible dialects. With a good dose of Aussie humor, Dr. Conway (familiar to many in the Perl community) offers 256 guidelines on the art of coding to help you write better Perl code--in fact, the best Perl code you possibly can. The guidelines cover code layout, naming conventions, choice of data and control structures, program decomposition, interface design and implementation, modularity, object orientation, error handling, testing, and debugging. They're designed to work together to produce code that is clear, robust, efficient, maintainable, and concise, but Dr. Conway doesn't pretend that this is the one true universal and unequivocal set of best practices. Instead, Perl Best Practices offers coherent and widely applicable suggestions based on real-world experience of how code is actually written, rather than on someone's ivory-tower theories on how software ought to be created. Most of all, Perl Best Practices offers guidelines that actually work, and that many developers around the world are already using. Much like Perl itself, these guidelines are about helping you to get your job done, without getting in the way. Praise for Perl Best Practices from Perl community members: "As a manager of a large Perl project, I'd ensure that every member of my team has a copy of Perl Best Practices on their desk, and use it as the basis for an in-house style guide." -- Randal Schwartz "There are no more excuses for writing bad Perl programs. All levels of Perl programmer will be more productive after reading this book." -- Peter Scott "Perl Best Practices will be the next big important book in the evolution of Perl. The ideas and practices Damian lays down will help bring Perl out from under the embarrassing heading of "scripting languages". Many of us have known Perl is a real programming language, worthy of all the tasks normally delegated to Java and C++. With Perl Best Practices, Damian shows specifically how and why, so everyone else can see, too." -- Andy Lester "Damian's done what many thought impossible: show how to build large, maintainable Perl applications, while still letting Perl be the powerful, expressive language that programmers have loved for years." -- Bill Odom "Finally, a means to bring lasting order to the process and product of real Perl development teams." -- Andrew Sundstrom"Perl Best Practices provides a valuable education in how to write robust, maintainable Perl, and is a definitive citation source when coaching other programmers." -- Bennett Todd "I've been teaching Perl for years, and find the same question keeps being asked: Where can I find a reference for writing reusable, maintainable Perl code? Finally I have a decent answer." -- Paul Fenwick "At last a well researched, well thought-out, comprehensive guide to Perl style. Instead of each of us developing our own, we can learn good practices from one of Perl's most prolific and experienced authors. I recommend this book to anyone who prefers getting on with the job rather than going back and fixing errors caused by syntax and poor style issues." -- Jacinta Richardson "If you care about programming in any language read this book. Even if you don't intend to follow all of the practices, thinking through your style will improve it." -- Steven Lembark "The Perl community's best author is back with another outstanding book. There has never been a comprehensive reference on high quality Perl coding and style until Perl Best Practices. This book fills a large gap in every Perl bookshelf." -- Uri Guttman