第2 7 卷第6 期
2014年6 月
环境科学研究
Research of Environmental Sciences
Vol. 27,No.6
Jun. ,2014
姜霞,王书航,杨小飞,等.蠡湖水环境综合整治工程实施前后水质及水生态差异(J].环境科学研究,2014,27"6# :595-601.
JIANG Xia,WANG Shuhang, YANG Xiaofei,et al. Change in water quality and ecosystem of Lihu Lake before and after comprehensive water environmental
improvement measures ( J] . Research of Environmental Sciences,2014,27 (6 # $595-601.
蠡湖水环境综合整治工程实施前后水质及水生态差异
姜 霞 1 "王书航1 "杨小飞2 "王雯雯1 " 李佳璐1
1.中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北 京 100012
2.无锡市公园景区管理中心,江 苏 无 锡 214000
摘要:为探讨水环境综合治理工程措施对蠡湖水生态环境的改善效果,对工程实施前后蠡湖水生态环境的变化及趋势进行了分
析. 结果表明,水环境综合治理工程实施后,蠡湖水质明显好转,水体中p( T N )、p( TP)、p( CODMn)和 p( Chla)年均值显著下降
(.<0.01),p( T N ) 、P ( TP)、p( Chla)分别由综合治理前(1 " 2—2002年平均值)的5. 77、0. 19 mg/L和 59. 90 $ g L 降至综合治理
后的 3. 13、0. 13 mg/L 和 27. 12 $g/LJ,p( CO D Mn)则由 7. 09 mg/L 降至 5. 00 mg/L 以下;表层沉积物中 w( O M )、w( T N )和 7 ( TP )分
别由2001年的40.40、1. 19、2.61 g/kg降至2012年的19.60、1. 16、0. 59 g/kg;2012年生态修复工程区内初步形成了一个水生植
物较为完整的生态系统. 综合整治后,水质改善效果明显,但部分水体感观指标〔如 p( TSS)、SD(透明度)〕改善效果不明显,底
栖动物优势种群仍为耐污种,生态系统完全恢复还需时日. 因此,有必要进一步开展以提高透明度、恢复沉水植物为核心的生态
优化调控,促进蠡湖由藻型浊水稳态向草型清水稳态转变.
关键词:蠡湖;生态修复;富营养化;沉水植物;效果评估
中图分类号:X522 文章编号:1001 -6929(2014)06 -0595 -07
文献标志码:A D O I : 10. 13198/j.issn. 1001-6929.2014.06.05
Change in Water Quality and Ecosystem of Lihu Lake before and after
Comprehensive Water Environmental Improvement Measures
JIA NG Xia1,W A N G Shu-hang1,Y A N G Xiao-fei2,W A N G Wen-wen1,LI Jia-lu1
1. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing
100012,China
2. Wuxi City Park Scenic Area Management Center,Wuxi 214000,China
Abstract : To study the effects of comprehensive water environmental improvement measures on the aquatic ecological environment of Lihu
Lake, changes and trends of the aquatic ecological environment before and after the measures were analyzed. Results showed that the
water quality of Lihu Lake was remarkably improved, with the annual values of p ( TN ) ,p ( TP ),p ( CODm0 ) and p ( Chla ) decreased
significantly ( . < 0. 01) . p( T N ) ,p( TP) and p( Chla) dropped from 5. 77,0. 19 mg/L and 59. 90 $g/L,,mean values in 1992-2002,to
3. 13,0. 13 mg/L and 27. 12 $g/L,,respectively, and p( CODm0) dropped from 7.09 mg/L to below 5.00 mg/L. The values of w( O M ),
w( T N ) and w( TP) in the surface sediments decreased from 40. 40 g/kg,1. 19 and 2. 61 mg/kg in 2001 to 19. 60 g/kg,1. 16 and 0. 59
mg/kg in 2012, respectively. An entire ecosystem with aquatic macrophytes was set up in the ecosystem restoration areas in 2012. The
effect of the projects on improving water quality was obvious after the improvements. However, some water sensory indicators, such as
suspended particulate matter and transparency, did not change much, and tolerant species were still the dominant species of benthic
animals. A full recovery for the ecosystem of Lihu Lake is still needed. Therefore, ecological optimization regulation focusing on
increasing transparency and recovering submerged macrophytes must be further developed to accelerate the change in the stable state of
Lihu Lake from algae-dominated turbid water to macrophytes-dominated clear water.
Key words : Lihu Lake ; ecological restoration ; eutrophication ; submerged macrophyte ; effect assessment
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作者筒介:姜霞(1974 - ),女,山东蓬莱人,研究员,博士,主 要 从 事 湖 中 的 地 区 ,也 是 我 国 湖 泊 富 营 养 化 较 为 严 重 的 地 区 .
泊水环境研究,jiangxia@ craes.org.cn. 据 调 查 ,全 国 面 积 大 于 10 k m 2 的富 营养 湖泊 一半 以