IEEE 802.1AB-2016：本地与城域网络连接标准

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IEEE Std 802.1AB-2016，全称为"IEEE标准针对本地和城域网络——站点及媒体访问控制（MAC）连接发现协议"，是IEEE LAN/MAN标准化委员会发起并批准的一项重要标准。该标准主要关注于局域网（Local Area Networks, LANs）和广域网（Metropolitan Area Networks, MANs）中，站点之间的通信连接管理和网络设备间的交互。该标准的主要目标是实现网络中设备间的自动发现和配置，以便于管理、监控和维护。LLDP（Link Layer Discovery Protocol，链路层发现协议）作为其核心部分，负责在数据链路层（Layer 2）上进行邻居设备的识别，包括交换机、路由器、桥接器等。LLDP通过在广播或多播形式的控制帧中发送网络设备的基本信息，如设备类型、制造商、端口标识符（Port Identifier）以及所支持的服务实例，使得网络管理员能够轻松识别网络拓扑结构，进行故障排查和性能优化。在2016年，IEEE对原有的IEEE Std 802.1AB-2009进行了修订，这反映了技术发展和网络需求的变化。修订版可能包括了更新的报文格式、增强的安全性、新的功能特性以及对现有功能的改进。由于此标准是受版权保护的，下载和使用必须遵守相关规定，且可能受到使用许可限制。 IEEE Std 802.1AB-2016的应用场景广泛，例如在企业网络中，可以用于自动化网络配置、故障排除、QoS（Quality of Service）策略部署以及网络审计。此外，它对于实施SDN（Software-Defined Networking）和NFV（Network Functions Virtualization）等现代网络架构也起到了关键的支持作用，因为它提供了基础的网络设备间通信机制。 IEEE 802.1AB-2016是现代网络环境中不可或缺的技术规范，它通过简化网络管理，提高了网络效率，为实现高效、灵活的网络运营奠定了基础。

xiv

List of tables

Table 7-1, Group MAC addresses used by LLDP ........................................................................................ 20

Table 7-2, Support for MAC addresses in different systems........................................................................ 21

Table 7-3, LLDP EtherType ......................................................................................................................... 22

Table 8-1, TLV type values .......................................................................................................................... 25

Table 8-2, chassis ID subtype enumeration .................................................................................................. 27

Table 8-3, port ID subtype enumeration ....................................................................................................... 28

Table 8-4, System capabilities ...................................................................................................................... 32

Table 9-1, Subclause/operating mode applicability...................................................................................... 37

Table 9-2, State machine symbols ................................................................................................................ 41

Table 11-1, MIB object groups and operating mode applicability ............................................................... 63

Table 11-2, LLDP MIB structure and object cross reference....................................................................... 63

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IEEE Standard for

Local and metropolitan area networks—

Station and Media Access Control

Connectivity Discovery

IMPORTANT NOTICE: IEEE Standards documents are not intended to ensure safety, security, health,

or environmental protection, or ensure against interference with or from other devices or networks.

Implementers of IEEE Standards documents are responsible for determining and complying with all

appropriate safety, security, environmental, health, and interference protection practices and all

applicable laws and regulations.

This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers.

These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may

be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers

Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at

http://standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html.

1. Overview

The Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) specified in this standard allows stations attached to an

IEEE 802



LAN to advertise, to other stations attached to the same IEEE 802 LAN, the major capabilities

provided by the system incorporating that station, the management address or addresses of the entity or

entities that provide management of those capabilities, and the identification of the station’s point of

attachment to the IEEE 802 LAN required by those management entity or entities.

The information distributed via this protocol is stored by its recipients in a standard Management

Information Base (MIB), making it possible for the information to be accessed by a Network Management

System (NMS) using a management protocol such as the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).

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IEEE Std 802.1AB-2016

IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks—Station and Media Access Control Connectivity Discovery

1.1 Scope

The scope of this standard is to define a protocol and management elements, suitable for advertising

information to stations attached to the same IEEE 802 LAN, for the purpose of populating physical topology

and device discovery management information databases. The protocol facilitates the identification of

stations connected by IEEE 802 LANs/MANs, their points of interconnection, and access points for

management protocols.

This standard defines a protocol that

a) Advertises connectivity and management information about the local station to adjacent stations on

the same IEEE 802 LAN.

b) Receives network management information from adjacent stations on the same IEEE 802 LAN.

c) Operates with all IEEE 802 access protocols and network media.

d) Establishes a network management information schema and object definitions that are suitable for

storing connection information about adjacent stations.

e) Provides compatibility with the IETF PTOPO MIB (IETF RFC 2922 [B9]).

1.2 Purpose

An IETF MIB (IETF RFC 2922 [B9]) and a number of vendor specific MIBs have been created to describe

a network’s physical topology and associated systems within that topology.

This standard specifies the necessary protocol and management elements to

a) Facilitate multi-vendor inter-operability and the use of standard management tools to discover and

make available physical topology information for network management.

b) Make it possible for network management to discover certain configuration inconsistencies or

malfunctions that can result in impaired communication at higher layers.

c) Provide information to assist network management in making resource changes and/or re-

configurations that correct configuration inconsistencies or malfunctions identified in b) above.

The numbers in brackets correspond to those in the bibliography in Annex D.

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IEEE Std 802.1AB-2016

IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks—Station and Media Access Control Connectivity Discovery

2. Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must

be understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in the text and its relationship to this

document is explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the

latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies.

IEEE Std 802



, IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Overview and Architecture.

IEEE Std 802.1AC

™

, IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks—Media Access Control

(MAC) Service Definition.

IEEE Std 802.1AE

™

, IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks—Media Access Control

(MAC) Security.

IEEE Std 802.1AX

™

, IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks—Link Aggregation.

IEEE Std 802.1Q

™

, IEEE Standards for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Bridges and Bridged

Networks.

IEEE Std 802.1X

™

, IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks—Port-Based Network

Access Control.

IEEE Std 802.3

™

, IEEE Standard for Information technology—Telecommunications and information

exchange between systems—Local and metropolitan area networks—Specific requirements—Part 3: Carrier

Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer

Specifications.

IETF RFC 2863, The Interfaces Group MIB, June 2000.

IETF RFC 3046, DHCP Relay Agent Information Option, January 2001.

IETF RFC 3232, Assigned Numbers: RFC 1700 is Replaced by an On-line Database, January 2002.

IETF RFC 3410, Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet Standard Management Framework,

December 2002.

IETF RFC 3417, Transport Mappings for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), December

2002.

IETF RFC 3418, Management Information Base (MIB) for the Simple Network Management Protocol

(SNMP), December 2002.

IETF RFC 3629, UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646, November 2003.

IETF RFC 4502, Remote Network Monitoring Management Information Base Version 2, May 2006.

IEEE and 802 are registered trademarks in the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, owned by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics

Engineers, Incorporated.

IEEE publications are available from The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (http://standards.ieee.org).

IETF documents (i.e., RFCs) are available for download at http://www.rfc-archive.org/.

The IETF RFC 3232 ianaAddressFamilyNumbers on-line database module is accessible at http://www.iana.org.

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