ARM架构应用二进制接口调用规范详解

5星 · 超过95%的资源需积分: 10 79 浏览量更新于2024-07-20 收藏 289KB PDF 举报

ARM调用规范（ProcedureCallStandard for the ARM Architecture, APCS）是ARM架构应用程序二进制接口（Application Binary Interface, ABI）的一部分，旨在提供标准的函数调用和数据布局规则。该文档，编号为ARMIHI0042F，自2003年至2015年多次更新，直至ABI release 2.10，最后修订日期为2015年11月24日。它详述了在ARM架构上编写程序时，如何正确执行函数调用，包括参数传递、返回值处理、寄存器分配以及内存管理等关键细节。 APCS定义了以下核心知识点： 1. **函数调用和调用约定**: APCS规定了函数调用的方式，包括调用者和被调用者之间的责任划分，比如参数传递的顺序、方向和大小。这涉及到是否使用堆栈、寄存器还是内存来传递数据，以及调用者如何保存现场信息以便于函数返回后恢复。 2. **数据布局**: APCS定义了全局变量、局部变量和函数参数在内存中的存储位置，这对于编译器生成的机器代码的可移植性至关重要。这可能涉及字节对齐、endianness（大端或小端）和内存区域（如栈帧、寄存器或内存区域）的选择。 3. **版本和更新**: 提醒读者检查ARM信息中心（http://infocenter.arm.com/）获取最新版本，特别是对于旧版文档。如果发现错误或问题，应报告至指定的邮箱armdoteabiatarmdotcom。 4. **许可证条款**: 文档使用的是有限的 royalty-free license，具体条款在Section 1.4（ARM合同参考LEC-ELA-00081V2.0）中详细说明。使用者在下载或使用规范时必须仔细阅读这些条款。 APCS ARM Procedure Call Standard 是一个核心的软件开发指南，为开发者在ARM平台上编写高效、可移植的程序提供了统一的规则。理解并遵循这些标准，能够确保不同硬件平台上的代码能正确地进行函数调用和数据交换，从而实现跨平台兼容性和性能优化。

Procedure Call Standard for the ARM Architecture

ARM IHI 0042F

PIC, PID Position-independent code, position-independent data.

Routine,

subroutine

A fragment of program to which control can be transferred that, on completing its task,

returns control to its caller at an instruction following the call. Routine is used for clarity

where there are nested calls: a routine is the caller and a subroutine is the callee.

Procedure A routine that returns no result value.

Function A routine that returns a result value.

Activation stack,

call-frame stack

The stack of routine activation records (call frames).

Activation record,

call frame

The memory used by a routine for saving registers and holding local variables (usually

allocated on a stack, once per activation of the routine).

Term Meaning

Argument,

Parameter

The terms argument and parameter are used interchangeably. They may denote a formal

parameter of a routine given the value of the actual parameter when the routine is called,

or an actual parameter, according to context.

Externally visible

[interface]

[An interface] between separately compiled or separately assembled routines.

Variadic routine A routine is variadic if the number of arguments it takes, and their type, is determined by

the caller instead of the callee.

Global register A register whose value is neither saved nor destroyed by a subroutine. The value may be

updated, but only in a manner defined by the execution environment.

Program state The state of the program’s memory, including values in machine registers.

Scratch register,

temporary register

A register used to hold an intermediate value during a calculation (usually, such values

are not named in the program source and have a limited lifetime).

Variable register,

v-register

A register used to hold the value of a variable, usually one local to a routine, and often

named in the source code.

More specific terminology is defined when it is first used.

1.4 Your Licence to Use This Specification

IMPORTANT: THIS IS A LEGAL AGREEMENT (“LICENCE”) BETWEEN YOU (AN INDIVIDUAL OR SINGLE ENTITY WHO IS

RECEIVING THIS DOCUMENT DIRECTLY FROM ARM LIMITED) (“LICENSEE”) AND ARM LIMITED (“ARM”) FOR THE

SPECIFICATION DEFINED IMMEDIATELY BELOW. BY DOWNLOADING OR OTHERWISE USING IT, YOU AGREE TO BE

BOUND BY ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS LICENCE. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THIS, DO NOT DOWNLOAD OR USE

THIS SPECIFICATION.

“Specification” means, and is limited to, the version of the specification for the Applications Binary Interface for the

ARM Architecture comprised in this document. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “Specification” shall not include (i)

the implementation of other published specifications referenced in this Specification; (ii) any enabling technologies

that may be necessary to make or use any product or portion thereof that complies with this Specification, but are

not themselves expressly set forth in this Specification (e.g. compiler front ends, code generators, back ends,

libraries or other compiler, assembler or linker technologies; validation or debug software or hardware;

Procedure Call Standard for the ARM Architecture

ARM IHI 0042F

applications, operating system or driver software; RISC architecture; processor microarchitecture); (iii) maskworks

and physical layouts of integrated circuit designs; or (iv) RTL or other high level representations of integrated

circuit designs.

Use, copying or disclosure by the US Government is subject to the restrictions set out in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of

the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 or subparagraphs (c)(1) and

(2) of the Commercial Computer Software – Restricted Rights at 48 C.F.R. 52.227-19, as applicable.

This Specification is owned by ARM or its licensors and is protected by copyright laws and international copyright

treaties as well as other intellectual property laws and treaties. The Specification is licensed not sold.

1. Subject to the provisions of Clauses 2 and 3, ARM hereby grants to LICENSEE, under any intellectual

property that is (i) owned or freely licensable by ARM without payment to unaffiliated third parties and (ii)

either embodied in the Specification or Necessary to copy or implement an applications binary interface

compliant with this Specification, a perpetual, non-exclusive, non-transferable, fully paid, worldwide limited

licence (without the right to sublicense) to use and copy this Specification solely for the purpose of

developing, having developed, manufacturing, having manufactured, offering to sell, selling, supplying or

otherwise distributing products which comply with the Specification.

THIS SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITH NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY,

INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY OF SATISFACTORY QUALITY, MERCHANTABILITY,

NONINFRINGEMENT OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE SPECIFICATION MAY INCLUDE

ERRORS. ARM RESERVES THE RIGHT TO INCORPORATE MODIFICATIONS TO THE SPECIFICATION IN

LATER REVISIONS OF IT, AND TO MAKE IMPROVEMENTS OR CHANGES IN THE SPECIFICATION OR THE

PRODUCTS OR TECHNOLOGIES DESCRIBED THEREIN AT ANY TIME.

3. This Licence shall immediately terminate and shall be unavailable to LICENSEE if LICENSEE or any party

affiliated to LICENSEE asserts any patents against ARM, ARM affiliates, third parties who have a valid

licence from ARM for the Specification, or any customers or distributors of any of them based upon a

claim that a LICENSEE (or LICENSEE affiliate) patent is Necessary to implement the Specification. In this

Licence; (i) “affiliate” means any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with a party (in

fact or in law, via voting securities, management control or otherwise) and “affiliated” shall be construed

accordingly; (ii) “assert” means to allege infringement in legal or administrative proceedings, or

proceedings before any other competent trade, arbitral or international authority; (iii) “Necessary” means

with respect to any claims of any patent, those claims which, without the appropriate permission of the

patent owner, will be infringed when implementing the Specification because no alternative, commercially

reasonable, non-infringing way of implementing the Specification is known; and (iv) English law and the

jurisdiction of the English courts shall apply to all aspects of this Licence, its interpretation and

enforcement. The total liability of ARM and any of its suppliers and licensors under or in relation to this

Licence shall be limited to the greater of the amount actually paid by LICENSEE for the Specification or

US$10.00. The limitations, exclusions and disclaimers in this Licence shall apply to the maximum extent

allowed by applicable law.

ARM Contract reference LEC-ELA-00081 V2.0 AB/LS (9 March 2005)

1.5 Acknowledgements

This specification has been developed with the active support of the following organizations. In alphabetical order:

ARM, CodeSourcery, Intel, Metrowerks, Montavista, Nexus Electronics, PalmSource, Symbian, Texas

Instruments, and Wind River.

剩余32页未读，继续阅读

TonyHo

粉丝: 437
资源: 14

ARM架构应用二进制接口调用规范详解

ARM过程调用标准---APCS简介[整理].pdf

APCS官方文档

Procedure Call Standard for the ARM® Architecture

arm option

关于arm常用概念介绍

ARM汇编指令教程.pdf

ARM编程的方法与实践

ARM体系与结构读书笔记

arm.tar.gz_beginners

ARM实验报告汇编调用C语言1

最新资源