Android用户界面设计指南：快速开发吸睛的应用程序界面

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Android UI 设计超详细 Android UI 设计是 Android 应用程序开发中非常重要的一部分，它直接影响了用户体验和应用程序的可用性。一个良好的用户界面可以提高用户的参与度和满意度，从而提高应用程序的商业价值。在 Android UI 设计中，需要考虑多个方面，包括用户界面布局、控件选择、颜色和风格的选择、动画和过渡效果等。一个优秀的 Android UI 设计师需要具备良好的设计 sense、深入了解 Android 平台的特点和限制，并且能够根据不同的应用场景和用户需求进行设计。本书《Android User Interface Development Beginner's Guide》是一本非常详细的 Android UI 设计指南，涵盖了从基本原则到高级技术的所有方面。作者 Jason Morris 通过实践和经验总结，提供了大量的设计技巧和解决方案，帮助初学者快速掌握 Android UI 设计的技能。其中，书中涵盖了以下几个方面的知识点： 1. Android 用户界面设计基本原则：包括设计原则、设计要素、颜色理论等内容，帮助读者理解 Android UI 设计的基本概念。 2. Android 用户界面控件：介绍了 Android 平台中常用的控件，包括 Button、TextView、EditText、ListView 等，详细讲解了每个控件的使用方法和注意事项。 3. Android 用户界面布局：讲解了 Android 用户界面布局的基本原则和方法，包括线性布局、相对布局、帧布局等。 4. Android 动画和过渡效果：详细介绍了 Android 平台中的动画和过渡效果，包括视图动画、属性动画、过渡动画等。 5. Android 用户界面样式和主题：讲解了 Android 用户界面样式和主题的设计和实现方法，帮助读者创建个性化的用户界面。 6. Android 用户界面优化：讨论了 Android 用户界面优化的方法和技巧，包括性能优化、内存优化、UI 细节优化等。本书《Android User Interface Development Beginner's Guide》是一本非常实用的 Android UI 设计指南，涵盖了 Android UI 设计的方方面面，非常适合初学者和中级开发者阅读。

Preface

[ 3 ]

A smaller view on the world

Most Android devices are small, and as a result have smaller screens and generally fewer

pixels than a normal PC or laptop. This lack of size limits the size of the widgets. Widgets

must be big enough to touch safely, but we also need to pack as much informaon onto the

screen as possible. So don't give your users informaon that they don't want, and also avoid

asking them for informaon you don't need.

Classic user interface principals

Here are some core guidelines which every user interface should follow. These guidelines

are what will keep your users happy, and ensure your applicaon is successful. Throughout

the rest of the book, we'll be walking through these guidelines with praccal examples of

improvements that can be made to a user interface.

Consistency

This is the cornerstone of good user interface design. A buon should look like a buon.

Make sure that the layout of each screen has a relaonship with every other screen in your

applicaon. People oen mistake this principle for "sck to the plaorm look and feel". Look

and feel is important, consistency mostly applies to the layout and overall experience of the

applicaon, rather than the color scheme.

Recycling your interface

The easiest way to maintain a consistent user interface, is to recycle as much of it as possible.

At rst glance, this suggeson looks merely like a "good object-oriented" pracce. However,

a closer look will reveal ways to reuse graphical widgets in ways you hadn't thought of. By

changing the visibility of various widgets, or you can reuse an edit screen to view list items

of the intended type.

Simplicity

This is especially important in a phone-based applicaon. Oen, when a user encounters a

new applicaon, it's because they are looking for something. They may not have the me

(or more oen paence) to learn a new user interface. Make sure that your applicaon

asks for as lile as possible, and guides the user to the exact informaon they want in as

few steps as possible.

Preface

[ 4 ]

The Zen approach

Generally, when you are using a mobile device, your me is limited. You may also be using

an applicaon in less-than-ideal circumstances (perhaps, in a train). The lesser informaon

a user needs to give an applicaon, and the lesser they need to absorb from it, the beer.

Stripping away opons and informaon also leads to a shorter learning-curve.

Android's hidden menu

A very useful feature of Android is the hidden menu structure. The menu is only visible

when the user presses the "Menu" buon, which would generally mean, they're looking

for something that isn't currently on the screen. Typically, a user shouldn't need to open a

menu. However, it's a good way of hiding advanced features unl they are needed.

Feedback

Feedback is what makes a touchscreen device excing. When you drag an object, it scks to

your nger across the screen unl you let go of it. When the users puts their nger on your

applicaon, they expect some reacon. However, you don't want to get in their way—instead

of showing an error message when they touch a buon, disable the buon unl it's valid to

use, or don't show it at all.

Location and navigation

When you're in a place you've never been to previously, it's easy to get disoriented, or lost.

The same is true for a piece of soware. Just because the applicaon makes sense to you,

the developer, it doesn't mean it seems logical to your user. Adding transion animaons,

breadcrumbs, and progress gauges help the user to idenfy where in the applicaon they

are, and what's happening.

The road to recovery

A common way to tell users that something is wrong on a desktop applicaon, or on the web

is to open an error dialog. On a mobile device, people want smoother use of an applicaon.

While in a normal applicaon you may inform the user that they selected an invalid opon,

in a mobile applicaon, you generally want to make sure they can't select that opon in the

rst place. Also, don't make them scroll through huge lists of opons. Instead, allow them to

lter through the list using an auto-complete or something similar.

When something goes wrong, be nice, and be helpful—don't tell the user, "I couldn't nd any

ights for your search". Instead tell them, "There were no available ights for your search,

but if you're prepared to leave a day earlier, here is a list of the available ights". Always

make sure your user can take another step forward without having to go "Back" (although

the opon to go backwards should always exist).

Preface

[ 5 ]

The Android way

The Android plaorm is in many ways similar to developing applicaons for the web.

There are many devices, made by many manufactures, with dierent capabilies and

specicaons. Yet as a developer, you will want your users to have the most consistent

experience possible. Unlike a web browser, Android has built-in mechanisms for coping with

these dierences, and even leveraging them.

We'll be looking at Android from the point of view of a user rather than having a purely

development-centric approach. We'll cover topics such as:

 What user interface elements Android provides

 How an Android applicaon is assembled

 Dierent types of Android layouts

 Presenng various types of data to the user

 Customising of exisng Android widgets

 Tricks and tools to keep user interfaces looking great

 Integraon between applicaons

We're about to take a jump into building user interfaces for Android devices—all Android

devices, from the highest speed CPU to the smallest screen.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Developing a Simple Acvity introduces the basics of building an Android

applicaon, starng with a simple user interface. It also covers the various opons available

to you when implemenng your design as code.

Chapter 2, Views With Adapters shows us how to leverage Adapter-based widgets, Android's

answer to the Model-View-Controller (MVC) structure. Learn about these widgets, and

where they will best serve you.

Chapter 3, Specialized Android Views takes a close look at some of the more specialized

widgets that the Android plaorm provides, and how they relate to the mundane widgets.

This chapter covers widgets such as the gallery and rang-bar, and how they can be used and

styled.

Chapter 4, Acvies and Intents discusses more about how Android runs your applicaon,

and from that point-of-view, how best to write its user interfaces. This chapter takes a look at

how to make sure that your applicaon will behave the way users expect it to, with minimal

eort on your part.

Preface

[ 6 ]

Chapter 5, Non-Linear Layouts takes a look at some of the advanced layout techniques which

Android oers. It talks about the best way to present dierent screens to the user while

taking into account the wide discrepancy in the screens on Android devices.

Chapter 6, Input and Validaon provides ps regarding taking input from a user, and how

to keep this experience as painless as possible. This chapter invesgates the dierent input

widgets Android provides and how to congure them best, depending on the situaon. Also,

when everything else fails, how best to inform your users that what they are doing is wrong.

Chapter 7, Animang Widgets and Layouts will inform the reader as to where, when,

why, and how to animate your Android user interfaces. It also sheds light on what kind of

animaons are provided by default, how to compose them together, and how to build your

own. This chapter looks at the importance of animaons in a mobile user interface and

demonstrates how complex animaons are made easy by Android.

Chapter 8, Content-centric Design details how to go about designing the screen layout, when

presenng the user with informaon on the screen. This chapter looks at the pros and cons

of some of the dierent display techniques which Android oers.

Chapter 9, Styling Android Applicaons shows us how to keep the look of our enre

applicaon consistent, in order to make our applicaon easier to use.

Chapter 10, Building an Applicaon Theme looks at the design process, and how applicaon-

wide themes can be applied to help your applicaon stand out.

What you need for this book

Please have a look at "System Requirements" menoned on the Andriod Developers website

at http://developer.android.com/sdk/requirements.html.

The code for this book was tested on Ubuntu Linux 10.04 and Mac OS X.

Who this book is for

This book is aimed at developers with at least some Java experience who want to build

applicaons on the Android plaorm. It will also be of use to people who have developed

applicaons on the Android plaorm and would like to gain addional knowledge about

its user interface design. It will also be a helpful reference for the numerous widgets and

resource structures that the Android plaorm provides.

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