JUnit未充分利用的8大特性解析

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资源摘要信息:"JUnit是Java开发人员中最为流行的单元测试框架。尽管其官方宣称它是一个简单的框架,但JUnit实际上包含了许多强大的功能。本文探讨了JUnit中8个被低估且未充分使用的功能,这些功能可以简化编写测试代码的过程。这些功能包括但不限于创建和自动清除临时目录、运行所有断言即使某些测试失败,以及终止运行中的测试等功能。" 知识点: 1. JUnit框架介绍:JUnit是一个开源的Java编程语言的单元测试框架,它被广泛用于编写和运行可重复的测试。JUnit测试可以自动执行,并且提供了一个丰富的API来编写测试用例。 2. TemporaryFolder规则:TemporaryFolder是JUnit提供的一个@Rule规则,允许测试方法在开始前创建临时目录,并在测试结束时自动删除这些目录。这可以用于测试需要读写临时文件的功能。 3. Error Collector规则:ErrorCollector允许在单个测试方法中收集多个错误和失败,并且只有在测试方法执行完毕后才会导致测试失败。这对于一次性验证多个检查点非常有用。 4. Category和Parameterized测试:JUnit的Category注解可以用于组织测试,允许按照类别运行测试子集。Parameterized测试允许使用不同的参数集重复相同的测试逻辑,这使得测试更加灵活和可重用。 5. 自定义规则:JUnit中的@Rule注解允许自定义规则,为测试类添加额外的行为。通过定义自己的规则,可以创建可重用的测试逻辑,例如日志记录、数据库连接清理等。 6. 测试运行器:JUnit测试运行器允许测试开发者控制测试的执行方式。例如,可以指定运行哪些测试、排除哪些测试,甚至可以在不同的运行器之间切换来适应不同的测试环境。 7. 测试监视器:JUnit的一些高级特性包括测试监视器,它们可以在测试运行期间监控测试行为,如性能监控和异常捕获,从而提供对测试执行情况的深入洞察。 8. 测试并行化:随着JUnit 5的推出,测试并行化成为可能,允许测试开发者利用多核处理器并行执行测试,大大缩短了测试的总体运行时间。 9. 测试断言:JUnit提供了多种断言方法,用于验证测试结果。从基本的断言到复杂的流式断言,JUnit提供了丰富的工具来确保代码按照预期运行。 10. 测试依赖注入:JUnit的最新版本支持依赖注入,这意味着可以更灵活地构造测试,通过外部配置而不是硬编码方式来提供测试所需的数据或对象。 通过深入理解和掌握JUnit的这些特性,Java开发人员可以编写更高效、更可靠的测试,提高软件质量并缩短开发周期。

java.lang.NullPointerException at com.example.machinepotest.mappertest.tes(mappertest.java:23) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:725) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:131) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:149) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:140) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:84) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:106) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:64) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:45) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:37) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$7(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:214) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:210) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:135) at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:66) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:151) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138) at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)

2023-05-16 上传

java.lang.NullPointerException at com.chengqq.ApplicationTest.set(ApplicationTest.java:23) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137) at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68) at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33) at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230) at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58)

2023-05-22 上传

java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError at UserMapperTset.testupdateById(UserMapperTset.java:31) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137) at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68) at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33) at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:230) at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:58) Caused by: org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.PersistenceException:

2023-07-11 上传

java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException at java.util.AbstractList.add(AbstractList.java:148) at java.util.AbstractList.add(AbstractList.java:108) at org.apache.commons.collections.CollectionUtils.addAll(CollectionUtils.java:688) at com.bosssoft.hr.train.j2se.util.UtilsDemo.method2(UtilsDemo.java:60) at Test1.testUtilsDemo2(Test1.java:56) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:59) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:56) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner$1.evaluate(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:100) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:366) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:103) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:63) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$4.run(ParentRunner.java:331) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:79) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:329) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$100(ParentRunner.java:66) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:293) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:413) at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137) at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:69) at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater$1.execute(IdeaTestRunner.java:38) at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.TestsRepeater.repeat(TestsRepeater.java:11) at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:35) at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:232) at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:55)

2023-07-14 上传

sts报错,报错信息如下,如何确认问题:06-09 14:59:32 I/ModuleListener: [1/1] EQ5T45G66XCAAQMN com.android.compatibility.common.tradefed.testtype.JarHostTest android.security.sts.Bug_258188673#testPocBug_258188673 FAILURE: java.lang.AssertionError: PoC exited with bad exit code.. Actual: 113 at org.junit.Assert.fail(Assert.java:89) at org.junit.Assert.failEquals(Assert.java:187) at org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals(Assert.java:201) at com.android.sts.common.NativePocStatusAsserter$1.checkCmdResult(NativePocStatusAsserter.java:32) at com.android.sts.common.NativePoc.runPocAndAssert(NativePoc.java:264) at com.android.sts.common.NativePoc.run(NativePoc.java:224) at android.security.sts.Bug_258188673.testPocBug_258188673(Bug_258188673.java:38) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:59) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:61) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27) at org.junit.rules.TestWatcher$1.evaluate(TestWatcher.java:61) at org.junit.rules.TestWatcher$1.evaluate(TestWatcher.java:61) at org.junit.rules.TestWatcher$1.evaluate(TestWatcher.java:61) at org.junit.rules.TestWatcher$1.evaluate(TestWatcher.java:61) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:306)

2023-06-10 上传

org.junit.ComparisonFailure: expected:<456[]> but was:<456[ ]> at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:115) at org.junit.Assert.assertEquals(Assert.java:144) at Dao.BookDaoTest.testAddBook(BookDaoTest.java:60) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:89) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:41) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:541) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:763) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:463) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:209)

2023-06-12 上传