混合动力系统构型分析:HEV与PHEV的节能原理

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"HEV-PHEV混合动力系统构型分析-欧阳明高.pdf" 混合动力系统,特别是HEV(Hybrid Electric Vehicle)和PHEV(Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle),是现代汽车工业中节能减排的重要技术。欧阳明高院士的讲义深入探讨了这些系统的构型设计和节能原理。以下是该教学内容的主要知识点: 1. **混合动力系统构型总体分析**: 混合动力系统的设计主要关注如何高效地结合电动和内燃机动力,以实现最佳的能源利用率。系统构型的选择直接影响到车辆的性能和燃油效率。 2. **节能原理**: - **平行流原则**:混合动力系统中,电能(Ee)和油能(Ef)应分别以最高效率被利用,避免能量流的交叉,减少转化损失。 - **内燃机高效利用**:保持发动机在高效工况下工作,避免低效率运行区域,例如通过并联驱动或稳态发电工况。 3. **HEV构型**: - **并联**:发动机和电机可以直接驱动车轮,适用于需要大功率输出的场合。 - **串并联**:又称串联-并联,结合串联和并联的优点,发动机既可以作为发电机为电池充电,也可以直接驱动车轮。 - **功率分流**:如丰田THS系统,通过复杂的行星齿轮机构实现发动机和电机的协同工作,以优化效率。 4. **PHEV构型**: PHEV在HEV的基础上增加了更大的电池容量,允许更长时间的纯电行驶。在城市驾驶条件下,可以显著降低油耗。 5. **混合动力系统仿真与测试分析**: 通过仿真软件和实际测试,评估不同构型下的系统性能,包括燃油经济性、动力性以及电池寿命等。 6. **中国HEV/PHEV典型构型与技术路径选择**: 中国的混合动力技术研发考虑了国情、市场需求和技术成熟度,选择了适合本土市场的混合动力构型和技术路径。 7. **节能与新能源措施的技术经济性**: 不同级别的混合动力系统(微混、轻混、深混等)以及纯电动汽车、燃料电池汽车,各有其在油耗和零排放方面的表现,以及相应的关键技术,如发动机启停、电机技术、电池和电气系统等。 8. **关键技术研发**: - **发动机启停技术**:减少停车时的燃油消耗。 - **BSG/ISG电机技术**:提高电机效率,实现制动能量回收。 - **48V电池及电气技术**:提升电气系统效率,降低能耗。 - **混合动力专用发动机技术**:优化发动机设计,提高热效率。 - **传动系机电耦合技术**:改善动力传输效率。 - **制动能量回收技术**:将制动能量转化为电能储存。 - **高效率、高性能的电池和电机**:是混合动力系统的核心组件,直接影响系统性能和续航能力。 欧阳明高的讲义详细阐述了HEV和PHEV混合动力系统的设计理念、节能策略和关键技术,对于理解混合动力汽车的工作原理和优化方向具有重要意义。

feScore - EPA Fuel Economy Score (负1 = Not available) fuelCost08 - annual fuel cost for fuelType1 ($) (7) fuelCostA08 - annual fuel cost for fuelType2 ($) (7) fuelType - fuel type with fuelType1 and fuelType2 (if applicable) fuelType1 - fuel type 1. For single fuel vehicles, this will be the only fuel. For dual fuel vehicles, this will be the conventional fuel. fuelType2 - fuel type 2. For dual fuel vehicles, this will be the alternative fuel (e.g. E85, Electricity, CNG, LPG). For single fuel vehicles, this field is not used ghgScore - EPA GHG score (负1 = Not available) ghgScoreA - EPA GHG score for dual fuel vehicle running on the alternative fuel (负1 = Not available) guzzler- if G or T, this vehicle is subject to the gas guzzler tax highway08 - highway MPG for fuelType1 (2) highway08U - unrounded highway MPG for fuelType1 (2), (3) highwayA08 - highway MPG for fuelType2 (2) highwayA08U - unrounded highway MPG for fuelType2 (2),(3) highwayCD - highway gasoline consumption (gallons/100miles) in charge depleting mode (4) highwayE - highway electricity consumption in kwhrs/100 miles highwayUF - EPA highway utility factor (share of electricity) for PHEV hlv - hatchback luggage volume (cubic feet) (8) hpv - hatchback passenger volume (cubic feet) (8) id - vehicle record id lv2 - 2 door luggage volume (cubic feet) (8) lv4 - 4 door luggage volume (cubic feet) (8) make - manufacturer (division) mfrCode - 3character manufacturer code model - model name (carline) mpgData - has Your MPG data; see yourMpgVehicle and yourMpgDriverVehicle phevBlended - if true, this vehicle operates on a blend of gasoline and electricity in charge depleting mode pv2 - 2door passenger volume (cubic feet) (8) pv4 - 4door passenger volume (cubic feet) (8) rangeA - EPA range for fuelType2 rangeCityA - EPA city range for fuelType2 rangeHwyA - EPA highway range for fuelType2 trans_dscr - transmission descriptor; see http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/findacarhelp.shtml#trany trany - transmission UCity - unadjusted city MPG for fuelType1; see the description of the EPA test procedures UCityA - unadjusted city MPG for fuelType2; see the description of the EPA test procedures UHighway - unadjusted highway MPG for fuelType1; see the description of the EPA test procedures UHighwayA - unadjusted highway MPG for fuelType2; see the description of the EPA test procedures VClass - EPA vehicle size class year - model year youSaveSpend - you save/spend over 5 years compared to an average car ($). Savings are positive; a greater amount spent yields a negative number. For dual fuel vehicles, this is the cost savings for gasoline. sCharger - if S, this vehicle is supercharged tCharger - if T, this vehicle is turbocharged翻译

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