大数据课程:Sqoop数据迁移在Hadoop集群中的应用

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"大数据课程-Hadoop集群程序设计与开发-10.Sqoop数据迁移_lk_edit.pptx" 本课程是关于大数据课程的一个部分,专注于Hadoop集群程序设计与开发,特别关注使用Sqoop进行数据迁移。教师版的课程材料包括教学大纲、教案、教学设计、实训文档等,为教师提供了全面的教学支持。课程内容不仅涉及环境设置、软件安装,还包括作业、教学文档和演示视频,旨在帮助教师高效地传授知识。 Sqoop是一个重要的工具,它允许在Hadoop和传统的关系型数据库之间进行数据迁移。在实际开发中,当需要将HDFS或Hive中的数据导入到MySQL、Oracle等关系型数据库,或者反向操作,从关系型数据库导入到HDFS或Hive时,使用Sqoop可以极大地提高效率,避免手动操作的繁琐。 10.1 Sqoop概述 - Sqoop是一个专门设计用于在Hadoop和RDBMS之间进行数据迁移的工具。 - 它基于MapReduce模型,通过批处理的方式加速数据传输,同时具备良好的容错性。 - Sqoop的核心是连接器,它可以连接到多种关系型数据库,实现数据的导入和导出。 10.2 Sqoop安装配置 - 通常选择最新的稳定版本,例如Sqoop 1.4.7。 - 下载安装包并上传到指定目录,然后解压缩。 - 将解压缩后的文件夹重命名为sqoop-1.4.7,并移动到期望的安装位置。 - 修改配置文件,创建sqoop-env.sh,并添加Hadoop相关配置。 - 拷贝相应的JDBC驱动到Sqoop的lib目录,以支持与不同数据库的连接。 10.3 Sqoop数据导入 - 使用Sqoop可以从关系型数据库导入数据到Hadoop生态系统,如HDFS或Hive。 - 导入过程通常包括定义连接参数、指定表名、选择导入选项等步骤。 - Sqoop支持全表导入和增量导入,增量导入可以根据时间戳或自增主键进行。 10.4 Sqoop数据导出 - 数据导出功能允许将Hadoop系统中的数据写回到关系型数据库。 - 这对于数据分析后的结果存储或与其他系统共享数据非常有用。 - 导出过程同样涉及配置数据库连接信息、选择数据源及导出选项。 10.4.1 至10.4.4可能涵盖了更具体的导入导出操作,如不同类型的导入导出模式、命令行选项和优化策略。 通过本课程的学习,学生将掌握如何在大数据环境中使用Sqoop进行数据迁移,这对于理解Hadoop生态系统与传统数据库系统的交互至关重要。教师可以根据PPT和教学文档直接进行教学,确保学生能够理解和应用这些概念。

[root@zhaosai conf]# sqoop import --connect jdbc:mysql://zhaosai:3306/mydb --username root --password jqe6b6 --table news --target-dir /user/news --fields-terminated-by “;” --hive-import --hive-table news -m 1 Warning: /opt/programs/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/../hbase does not exist! HBase imports will fail. Please set $HBASE_HOME to the root of your HBase installation. Warning: /opt/programs/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/../hcatalog does not exist! HCatalog jobs will fail. Please set $HCAT_HOME to the root of your HCatalog installation. Warning: /opt/programs/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/../accumulo does not exist! Accumulo imports will fail. Please set $ACCUMULO_HOME to the root of your Accumulo installation. Warning: /opt/programs/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/../zookeeper does not exist! Accumulo imports will fail. Please set $ZOOKEEPER_HOME to the root of your Zookeeper installation. 23/06/10 16:07:14 INFO sqoop.Sqoop: Running Sqoop version: 1.4.7 23/06/10 16:07:15 WARN tool.BaseSqoopTool: Setting your password on the command-line is insecure. Consider using -P instead. 23/06/10 16:07:15 INFO manager.MySQLManager: Preparing to use a MySQL streaming resultset. 23/06/10 16:07:15 INFO tool.CodeGenTool: Beginning code generation 23/06/10 16:07:15 ERROR sqoop.Sqoop: Got exception running Sqoop: java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not load db driver class: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not load db driver class: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver at org.apache.sqoop.manager.SqlManager.makeConnection(SqlManager.java:875) at org.apache.sqoop.manager.GenericJdbcManager.getConnection(GenericJdbcManager.java:59) at org.apache.sqoop.manager.SqlManager.execute(SqlManager.java:763) at org.apache.sqoop.manager.SqlManager.execute(SqlManager.java:786) at org.apache.sqoop.manager.SqlManager.getColumnInfoForRawQuery(SqlManager.java:289) at org.apache.sqoop.manager.SqlManager.getColumnTypesForRawQuery(SqlManager.java:260) at org.apache.sqoop.manager.SqlManager.getColumnTypes(SqlManager.java:246) at org.apache.sqoop.manager.ConnManager.getColumnTypes(ConnManager.java:327) at org.apache.sqoop.orm.ClassWriter.getColumnTypes(ClassWriter.java:1872) at org.apache.sqoop.orm.ClassWriter.generate(ClassWriter.java:1671) at org.apache.sqoop.tool.CodeGenTool.generateORM(CodeGenTool.java:106) at org.apache.sqoop.tool.ImportTool.importTable(ImportTool.java:501) at org.apache.sqoop.tool.ImportTool.run(ImportTool.java:628) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.run(Sqoop.java:147) at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:70) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runSqoop(Sqoop.java:183) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:234) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:243) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.main(Sqoop.java:252)

2023-06-11 上传

ERROR sqoop.Sqoop: Got exception running Sqoop: java.lang.NullPointerException java.lang.NullPointerException at org.json.JSONObject.<init>(JSONObject.java:144) at org.apache.sqoop.util.SqoopJsonUtil.getJsonStringforMap(SqoopJsonUtil.java:43) at org.apache.sqoop.SqoopOptions.writeProperties(SqoopOptions.java:867) at org.apache.sqoop.mapreduce.JobBase.putSqoopOptionsToConfiguration(JobBase.java:393) at org.apache.sqoop.mapreduce.JobBase.createJob(JobBase.java:379) at org.apache.sqoop.mapreduce.ImportJobBase.runImport(ImportJobBase.java:255) at org.apache.sqoop.manager.SqlManager.importQuery(SqlManager.java:747) at org.apache.sqoop.tool.ImportTool.importTable(ImportTool.java:536) at org.apache.sqoop.tool.ImportTool.run(ImportTool.java:633) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.run(Sqoop.java:146) at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:76) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runSqoop(Sqoop.java:182) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:233) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:242) at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.main(Sqoop.java:251) Log Type: stdout Log Upload Time: Mon Jul 24 10:47:38 +0800 2023 Log Length: 74530 Showing 4096 bytes of 74530 total. Click here for the full log. 35517561_3806_01_000001: PRELAUNCH_OUT=/yarn/container-logs/application_1683335517561_3806/container_1683335517561_3806_01_000001/prelaunch.out: NM_AUX_SERVICE_mapreduce_shuffle=AAA0+gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA=: NM_PORT=8041: HADOOP_YARN_HOME=/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-6.3.2-1.cdh6.3.2.p0.1605554/lib/hadoop-yarn: USER=admin: CLASSPATH=/yarn/nm/usercache/admin/appcache/application_1683335517561_3806/container_1683335517561_3806_01_000001:/yarn/nm/usercache/admin/appcache/application_1683335517561_3806/container_1683335517561_3806_01_000001/*:/etc/hadoop/conf.cloudera.yarn:/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-6.3.2-1.cdh6.3.2.p0.1605554/lib/hadoop/*:/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-6.3.2-1.cdh6.3.2.p0.1605554/lib/hadoop/lib/*:/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-6.3.2-1.cdh6.3.2.p0.1605554/lib/hadoop-hdfs/*:/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-6.3.2-1.cdh6.3.2.p0.1605554/lib/hadoop-hdfs/lib/*:/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-6.3.2-1.cdh6.3.2.p0.1605554/lib/hadoop-yarn/*:/opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-6.3.2-1.cdh6.3.2.p0.1605554/lib/hadoop-yarn/lib/*:: PRELAUNCH_ERR=/yarn/container-logs/application_1683335517561_3806/container_1683335517561_3806_01_000001/prelaunch.err: HADOOP_TOKEN_FILE_LOCATION=/yarn/nm/usercache/admin/appcache/application_1683335517561_3806/container_1683335517561_3806_01_000001/container_tokens: LOCAL_USER_DIRS=/yarn/nm/usercache/admin/: OOZIE_ACTION_CONF_XML=/yarn/nm/usercache/admin/appcache/application_1683335517561_3806/container_1683335517561_3806_01_000001/action.xml: SHLVL=2: HOME=/home/: CONTAINER_ID=container_1683335517561_3806_01_000001: MALLOC_ARENA_MAX=4:怎么回事

2023-07-25 上传