2023美赛E/F题：光污染解决方案与影响评估

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"本文档着重讨论了美国数学建模竞赛（美赛）中E题和F题的策略分享，尤其是通过ChatGPT的大神级分析。题目背景涉及光污染这一全球性问题，其影响包括环境、生物多样性、人类健康和社会安全。光污染不仅限于城市，也影响偏远地区，通过衡量NLPI（夜间光污染指数）、照度水平、暗夜视觉阈值和照明节约水平等指标来评估和减轻其影响。 ChatGPT提供的解答建议了一个全面的方法，旨在提高人们对光污染的认识，并在社区层面实施有效的干预策略。照明控制任务（ICM）的目标是设计一个通用指标，用于测量不同地点的光污染风险，这需要结合地理位置、光源特性、光线强度以及对生态系统和人类健康潜在影响的考量。在模型视角下，参赛者需要考虑如何在实际操作中进行数据收集，比如通过实地测量光污染强度、监控光照变化以及评估节能照明措施的效果。同时，要意识到光污染的复杂性，因为它受到城市发展水平、人口分布、气候条件等多种因素的影响，因此制定的解决方案必须因地制宜，权衡可能带来的积极和消极影响，如降低犯罪率与增加能源消耗之间的平衡。这个文档为参赛者提供了关于如何运用定量和定性数据来分析光污染问题，并提出针对性解决方案的重要提示。通过ChatGPT的分析，读者能了解到在实际解决美赛问题时，不仅需要深入理解数学模型，还需关注实际应用中的多维度考量和策略调整。"

控制照明强度：我们将对夜间照明强度进行控制，以确保照明水平不超过必要水平。这样可以

降低照明对周围社区的干扰，使社区居民能够在夜间享受更好的休息。

照明时间表：我们将根据需要控制照明时间，避免白天过多的照明，使夜间更安静。

这些措施旨在减轻光污染的影响，并且可以在保护生态环境和居民的健康方面产生积极影响。

让我们共同努力，为我们的社区创造更安全、更舒适的环境。

英文版本

COMAP's Illumination Control Mission (ICM) is working to promote awareness of the

impacts of light pollution and develop intervention strategies to mitigate those impacts. In

support of this ICM work, your task is to address measuring and mitigating the effects of

light pollution in various locations, incorporating both human and non-human concerns.

Speciically, you should:

Develop a broadly applicable metric to identify the light pollution risk level of a location.

Developing a metric to identify the light pollution risk level of a location can be a challenging

task, as light pollution's impacts may vary depending on the speciic location and the

surrounding environment. However, some factors that can be considered when developing

such a metric are:

Skyglow: Skyglow refers to the brightening of the night sky due to artiicial light sources. A

metric could be developed that measures the skyglow in a particular location, taking into

account the brightness of the night sky and the extent to which it obscures the view of stars

and other celestial objects.

Light Trespass: Light trespass refers to the unwanted or unnecessary illumination of areas

that are not intended to be lit. A metric could be developed that measures the amount of

light that spills over into neighboring properties or outdoor areas, taking into account the

direction, intensity, and duration of the light.

Flicker and Glare: Flicker and glare are the rapid changes in brightness and the blinding

effect caused by intense artiicial lighting. A metric could be developed that measures the

licker and glare in a particular location, taking into account the intensity and direction of

the light, as well as the type of lighting technology being used.

Ecological Impact: Light pollution can have signiicant impacts on wildlife, including changes

in migration patterns, reproductive success, and behavior. A metric could be developed that

measures the ecological impact of light pollution in a particular location, taking into account

the species present and their sensitivity to light.

Human Health Impact: Light pollution can also have signiicant impacts on human health

and well-being, including disruptions to sleep, mood, and cognitive performance. A metric

could be developed that measures the human health impact of light pollution in a particular

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