iOS开发进阶：探索iOS 6 SDK实战

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"Beginning iOS 6 Development Exploring the iOS SDK进阶篇" 是一本针对iOS开发者的中高级教程，旨在帮助读者深入理解并熟练运用iOS 6 SDK进行应用开发。这本书是《Beginning iOS 6 Development Exploring the iOS SDK》的后续，提供了更多实用的例子和进阶内容。本书涵盖了一系列关键的iOS开发主题，包括： 1. Core Data: 介绍了Core Data框架，用于应用程序的数据管理，讲解了它的作用、为什么使用以及如何使用。Core Data不仅是一个数据库系统，还提供了一整套数据管理工具，包括模型、持久化和对象关系映射。 2. 数据操作: 如何添加、显示和删除数据，这是任何应用程序的基本功能。在第三章中，读者将学习如何高效地处理这些操作。 3. 详情视图: 第四章深入探讨了详情视图的开发，这是展示单一数据项的关键界面，通常与列表视图配合使用。 4. 数据迁移和版本控制: 当应用更新或数据结构发生变化时，第五章详细阐述了如何管理和迁移数据，以及如何实现版本控制，确保数据的一致性和兼容性。 5. 自定义Managed Objects: 第六章讲解如何根据应用需求定制Core Data的实体对象，增强其功能。 6. 关系、检索属性和表达式: 在第七章中，读者将学习如何处理对象之间的关系，利用检索属性提高查询效率，以及使用表达式来动态计算数据。 7. iCloud集成: 第八章涉及与iCloud的集成，使应用能够跨设备同步数据。 8. 蓝牙GameKit的对等连接: 第九章介绍了通过GameKit框架实现在设备之间使用蓝牙进行对等通信的方法。 9. MapKit: 第十章讲解如何利用MapKit框架创建地图相关功能，如定位、标记和路线规划。 10. 消息传递：第十一章涵盖了邮件、短信和社交媒体的集成，让应用能够发送和接收信息。 11. 媒体库访问和播放：第十二章介绍了如何访问用户的媒体库（如音乐和视频），并实现媒体内容的播放。 12. iOS安全：第十三章深入讨论了iOS平台的安全特性，包括如何保护用户数据和防止恶意攻击。 13. 保持界面响应性：第十四章探讨了如何优化代码，确保应用程序的用户界面在处理复杂任务时仍能保持流畅和快速响应。 14. 其他章节：书中的其他章节可能还包括更多主题，如动画、网络编程、性能优化等，帮助开发者提升应用的整体质量和用户体验。通过这本书的学习，读者可以掌握iOS应用开发的高级技巧，提高自己的专业技能，为构建更复杂、功能更全面的应用奠定坚实基础。

12 CHAPTER 2: Core Data: What, Why, and How

Build and run the application. Either press the Run button on the Toolbar, or Product ➤ Run. The

simulator should appear. Press the Add (+) button in the upper right. A new row will insert into the

table that shows the exact date and time the Add button was pressed (Figure 2-6). You can also use

the Edit button to delete rows. Exciting, huh?

Figure 2-6. CoreDataApp in action

Under the hood of this simple application, a lot is happening. Think about it: without adding a

single class, or any code to persist data to a file or interact with a database, pressing the Add

button created an object, populated it with data, and saved it to a SQLite database created for you

automatically. There’s plenty of free functionality here.

Now that you’ve seen an application in action, let’s take a look at what’s going on behind the scenes.

Core Data Concepts and Terminology

Like most complex technologies, Core Data has its own terminology that can be a bit confusing to

newcomers. Let’s break down the mystery and get your arms around Core Data’s nomenclature.

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16 CHAPTER 2: Core Data: What, Why, and How

there are three menu items: Add Attribute, Add Relationship, and Add Fetched Property. These are

only active when an entity is selected in the Top-Level Components pane.

If you switch the Detail editor to graph style, you’ll see a large grid with a single rounded square

in the center. This rounded square represents the entity in the Top-Level Components pane. The

template you used for this project creates a single entity, Event. Selecting Event in the Top Level

Components pane is the same as selecting the rounded rectangle in the graph view.

Try it. Click outside the entity in the Detail editor grid to deselect it, and then click the Event line in

the Top-Level Components pane. The entity in the graph view will also be selected. The Top Level

Components pane and the graph view show two different views of the same entity list.

When unselected, the title bar and lines of the Event entity square should be pink. If you select the

Event entity in the Top-Level Components pane, the Event entity in the Detail editor should change

color to a blue, indicating it’s selected. Now click anywhere on the Detail editor grid, outside the

Event rounded square. The Event entity should be deselected in the Top Level Components pane

and should change color in the Detail editor. If you click on the Event entity in the Detail editor, it will

be selected again. When selected, the Event entity should have a resize handle (or dot) on the left

and right sides, allowing you to resize its width.

You are currently given the Event entity. It has a single attribute, named timeStamp, and no

relationships. The Event entity was created as part of this template. As you design your own data

models, you’ll most likely delete the Event entity and create your own entities from scratch. A

moment ago, you ran your Core Data sample application in the simulator. When you pressed

the + icon, a new instance of Event was created. Entities, which we’ll look at more closely in a few

pages, replace the Objective-C data model class you would otherwise use to hold your data. We’ll

get back to the model editor in just a minute to see how it works. For now, just remember that the

persistent store is where Core Data stores its data, and the data model defines the form of that data.

Also remember that every persistent store has one, and only one, data model.

The inspector provides greater detail for the item(s) selected in the model editor. Since each item

could have a different view in the inspector, we’ll discuss the details as we discuss the components

and their properties. That being said, let’s discuss the three top-level components: entities, fetch

requests, and configurations.

Entities

An entity can be thought as the Core Data analogue to an Objective-C class declaration. In fact,

when using an entity in your application, you essentially treat it like an Objective-C class with some

Core Data-specific implementation. You use the model editor to define the properties that define

your entity. Each entity is given a name (in this case, Event), which must begin with a capital letter.

When you ran CoreDataApp earlier, every time you pressed the Add (+) button, a new instance of

Event was instantiated and stored in the application’s persistent store.

Make sure the Utility pane is exposed, and select the Event entity. Now look at the inspector in the

Utility pane (make sure the enspector is showing by selecting the Inspector button in the Inspector

selector bar). Note that the Inspector pane now allows you to edit or change aspects of the entity

(Figure 2-10). We’ll get to the details of the inspector later.

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