巴塞罗那大学 Oriol Pujol 的 Unreal Engine 动作角色扮演游戏项目实录

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本项目是 Oriol Pujol 指导下的计算机工程专业最终项目，由 Roger Rodríguez Camprubi 在巴塞罗那大学完成。项目名为《Iron and Time》，是一款动作角色扮演游戏（Action-RPG）的设计与实现，利用了 Epic Games 的 Unreal Engine 4 游戏引擎进行开发。以下是对该项目的详细分析和设计过程。 1. **动机与目标** (Motivation and Objectives) - 项目的初衷可能是为了探索虚幻4引擎的潜力，并通过开发一个沉浸式的游戏体验来提升技术技能和创造力。目标包括设计一套丰富的武器系统、能力（Abilities）、以及构建一个引人入胜的故事线。 2. **游戏设计** (Game Design) - 游戏概念阶段，作者可能对游戏的概念纸（Concept Paper）进行了深入研究，明确了游戏的核心玩法、世界观和角色设定。 - Game Design Document (GDD) 提供了更为详细的规划，涵盖了游戏机制、关卡设计、任务结构等要素。 - StoryDocument 和 PlotDocument 描述了游戏的剧情和角色驱动的互动，使玩家能够沉浸在故事之中。 - 游戏规格（Game Specifications）列出了性能需求和技术规范，确保游戏能在不同平台上稳定运行。 3. **技术应用** (Technology) - Unreal Engine 4 的使用带来了强大的图形渲染、物理模拟和人工智能功能，有助于创建逼真的游戏世界。 - Blueprint Technology 是蓝图编程系统，允许开发者通过可视化界面设计游戏逻辑，简化开发流程。 - 不同的文件类型，如材质、模型、动画和脚本文件，被组织和管理，以支持游戏的构建。 4. **项目结构与设计** (Project Structure and Design) - 项目采用了清晰的类结构，这有助于代码的组织和维护，提高了代码的可读性和可扩展性。 - 关卡设计（Level design）考虑了游戏环境、交互元素和玩家路径的选择。 5. **实施与测试** (Implementation and Testing) - 开发过程中，作者分享了他们在任务安排（Taskscheduling）上的经验和教训，以及版本迭代和bug修复的经历。 - 存在未解决的bug（The BUG），可能影响了部分游戏功能或体验，这是后续改进的重点。 6. **总结与反思** (Conclusions) - 结论部分回顾了已完成的工作（What is），指出了可以改进的地方（What should be and isn’t），提出了未来可能的发展方向（What may be），以及对未来版本的展望（What will become）。 7. **参考文献** (Bibliography) - 项目报告提供了参考文献列表，列举了用于学习和开发过程中所借鉴的相关资料。整个项目展示了在虚幻4引擎上设计和实现一款动作角色扮演游戏的全过程，从概念构思到实际操作，包含了关键的设计决策、技术运用以及项目管理和测试经验。

Iron and Time – Concept paper

Roger Rodríguez Camprubi

IRON AND TIME – CONCEPT PAPER

Iron ant Time is a 3D action RPG, with a 3th person camera that looks similar to games like

diablo.

As an RPG it has a progression system which is based in weapon upgrading instead of character

level progression.

It has a strong, deep storytelling that reinforces the gameplay and gives it coherence.

The game has a big map, with 3 environments which offer interaction between the world and

the player.

The combat system is the classic Arpg horde-style. Lots of ‘weak’ enemies attacking at once or

few stronger ones. It includes 4 epic boss battles.

The main feature of the game is the ability system which relies entirely on the weapon

wielded.

A player can gain expertise with different weapons (and will need to) in order to customize

their abilities and progress his/her way to the end boss.

Weapons can be combined with other weapons to enhance their skills or upgraded via

amplifications.

All the art is medieval-like, except some enemies.

The combat system is engaging, fun and fully customizable.

Iron and Time – Game Design

Roger Rodríguez Camprubi

QUICK INTRODUCTION:

 Character is able to wield various types of weapons, and they (the weapons) will be the

main progress system and the main feature of the game.

 Weapons split in Types and families. There are 3 types with 3 families in each one.

- Melee

 Axes

 Knives

 Swords

- Distance

 Bows

 Crossbows

 Lances

- Magic

 Staffs

 Wands

 Tomes

 Character progression is based in his expertise with each weapon family, NOT in the

character itself.

PROGRESSION SYSTEM

 Weapons are classified in 5 ranks, being 'ordinary' or 'Rank 1' the lowest and

'worldbuilder' or 'Rank 5' the highest.

 Each rank will increase all the stats the weapon grants to the player (such as defense,

attack power, health points etc.)

 Evolving a weapon's rank can be done by the following methods:

- Combining weapons: 2 to 3 weapons will be fused. The weapon placed at the first

spot (in the fusing GUI) will act as 'host' and preserve its ability.

- Embedding an amplifier to a weapon: An amplifier will be embedded to the

weapon giving it new powers.

 Each rank upgrade has a system to follow which is:

- 1-2: Combine two copies of the same weapon to upgrade it from 'ordinary'(rank 1)

to 'master'(rank 2)

- 2-3: There are 2 options to upgrade a weapon from rank 2 to rank 3:

 Embed an amplifier to a 'master'(rank 2) weapon to create a 'heroic'(rank

3) weapon

 Combine 2 'master'(rank 2) weapons from different TYPES to forge an

'hybrid'(rank 3) weapon(i.e. a bow with an axe or a knife with a staff)

- 3-4: There are 2 options to upgrade a weapon from rank 3 to rank 4:

 Combine all 3 'heroic'(rank 3) weapons from the same family to forge a

'legendary'(rank 4) weapon

 Combine all 3 'hybrid'(rank 4) weapons to forge a 'chimera'(rank 4)

weapon

- 4-5: Embed a primal fragment to a 'legendary' or 'chimera' (rank 4) weapon to

upgrade it to a 'worldbuilder' (rank 5) weapon.

Iron and Time – Game Design

Roger Rodríguez Camprubi

 Catalyst: Captures an essence in a retainer. Can be bought from

NPC’s.

Each retainer type can capture any type of essence, giving 27 total possibilities.

 Primal fragments: are used to upgrade 'legendary' or 'chimera' weapons to

'worldbuilder' weapons. As Artifacts of power, they need a specific

retainer (which will use all types of materials in the game to be built),

Primal Essences, which can only be obtained from higher level mobs, and a

Catalyst that can be obtained by certain NPC’s.

ABILITIES SYSTEM

 Each weapon type will hold its own combat resource system:

- Melee: While in combat, a melee weapon wielder will generate fury over time

during combat, when using autoattacks and when receiving damage. This fury shall

be spent in abilities. In a normal off-combat situation player has no fury.

- Distance: Distance weapon wielders will gain clarity whenever they move, which

they will use to cast their shots. In a normal off-combat situation player has full

clarity.

- Magic: Magic weapon wielders will use mana as they resource to cast magic spells.

Mana will slowly regenerate over time and will recover a lot faster after 3 seconds

of dealing no spell damage. In a normal off-combat situation player has full mana.

 Character has 2 to 4 abilities which rely on which weapon is he wielding and follows this

structure:

- '1' ability is specific to the weapon type.

- '2' ability is specific to EACH rank 2 weapon.

- '3' ability is specific to EACH rank 3 weapon.

- '4' ability is specific to EACH rank 5 weapon.

 Additionally, the character will continuously auto-attack (assuming it is in range) the

targeted enemy.

 All the ability configurations will manage to work out in a way that abilities interact with

each other.

This example shows abilities that ARE NOT related and don’t create synchrony.

1. ranged skillshot

2. surround-aoe

3. mobility

This example shows abilities that ARE related and create synchrony.

1. Charges a big fire ball on the player.

2. Sends the fireball in a straight line

3. Explode the fireball around its current position.

This way you can use '1+3' to cause a great explosion around you or '1+2' to shoot a

charged ball to a distance, '2' to shoot a tiny ball or even '1+2+3' to cause a great explosion

at a distance.

 Using this system you get Rank 1 and 2 abilities early in the game, so you have a non-

boring gameplay experience while you get familiar with the weapon system and the

weapon type specific resource. Once we know a little bit of everything and can choose

with a fair knowledge about choices, we get our 'heroic' weapon and get a full-operative

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巴塞罗那大学 Oriol Pujol 的 Unreal Engine 动作角色扮演游戏项目实录

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