SharePoint 2010工作流实战指南

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"SharePoint 2010 Workflows 实战" 本书"SharePoint 2010 Workflows in Action"由Phil Wicklund撰写，详细介绍了Microsoft SharePoint 2010中的工作流（Workflow）功能。SharePoint 2010是一款强大的企业级协作平台，而工作流是其核心特性之一，它允许用户自动化业务流程，提高效率和协作能力。在SharePoint 2010中，工作流可以用于创建各种复杂的业务逻辑，如审批流程、文档管理流程等。本书深入探讨了以下几个关键知识点： 1. **工作流基础**：介绍工作流的基本概念，包括工作流的定义、工作流生命周期以及在SharePoint 2010中如何设计和部署工作流。 2. **SharePoint Designer与Visual Studio集成**：讨论使用SharePoint Designer和Visual Studio进行工作流开发的不同方法。SharePoint Designer提供了直观的拖放界面，适合快速创建和定制工作流；而Visual Studio则提供了更高级的开发环境，适合创建复杂的自定义工作流。 3. **工作流模板**：解释内置的工作流模板，如 Approval、Collect Feedback 和 Three-State，并展示如何基于这些模板进行定制。 4. **工作流活动**：详细介绍工作流中的各种活动，如Wait for Approval、Send Email、Assign Task等，以及如何将它们组合以构建自定义流程。 5. **状态和转换**：阐述工作流状态的概念，以及如何定义和管理状态间的转换，确保流程按预期进行。 6. **工作流服务**：探讨Windows Workflow Foundation (WF) 4.0在SharePoint 2010中的角色，以及如何利用WF的强大功能来增强SharePoint工作流。 7. **权限和安全**：讲解工作流与SharePoint权限模型的交互，如何控制不同用户对工作流的访问和操作权限。 8. **监控和调试**：介绍如何跟踪工作流实例，查找和解决工作流中的问题，以及使用工具进行调试。 9. **最佳实践**：提供设计和实现高效、可维护工作流的建议，帮助读者避免常见错误和陷阱。 10. **扩展性**：讨论如何通过编写自定义代码或使用外部系统扩展工作流功能，以满足特定业务需求。本书不仅适合SharePoint管理员和开发者，也适合业务分析师和项目经理，他们可以从中学习如何利用SharePoint 2010工作流来优化组织的业务流程。通过深入学习本书，读者能够全面掌握SharePoint 2010工作流的设计、实现和管理，从而提升工作效率并推动企业的数字化转型。

acknowledgments

Many people contributed to this project during the many months I worked on it. Sin-

cere thanks to Todd Bleeker, MVP, for inspiring me to write the book in the first place,

and to Paul Grafelman and Eric Hanes, contributing authors, for sharing their exper-

tise. Paul wrote chapters 3 and 5 about SharePoint Designer, and Eric contributed

chapters 2 and 6 about out-of-the-box workflows and Office Visio.

At Manning Publications, I’d like to thank Marjan Bace; Mike Stephens; develop-

ment editor Susan Harkins; and the production team of Betsey Henkels, Nermina

Miller, Mary Piergies, and Gordan Salinovic. Special thanks to Wayne Ewington,

MCM,

for his careful technical review of the final manuscript during production.

The following reviewers offered valuable feedback after reading the manuscript

several times during its development and made this a much better book as a result:

Kunal Mittal, Jonas Bandi, Raymond Mitchell, Brandon Kobel, Andrew Grothe, Mar-

griet Bruggeman, Nikander Bruggeman, Monty Grusendorf, Darren Neimke, and

Berndt Hamboeck.

I’d also like to thank the readers of Manning’s Early Access Program (

MEAP) for

their contributions and corrections posted in the online forum.

I also want to extend my thanks to my employer,

RBA Consulting. It has been an

honor for me to work with such a great group of people, and my family is very thank-

ful for the employment and provision we receive through them. This book wouldn’t

have been possible without

RBA Consulting’s support as its foundation.

But most of all, I’d like to thank my wife Sarah and my three kids Adalyn, Noah,

and Molly. There’s no doubt in my mind that their sacrifice was greater than mine,

ABOUT THIS BOOK

xviii

Making the jump to Visual Studio happens only after you determine that SharePoint

Designer won’t be sufficient. Then, chapters 8 through 12 focus on how to build the

most advanced solutions with Visual Studio.

Roadmap

This book is divided into three parts.

Part 1, “Introduction to SharePoint workflows,” introduces workflows, discusses

where SharePoint comes into play, and explains which tools to use and how to config-

ure one of the out-of-the-box workflows:

■

Chapter 1 gets you started with workflows by introducing you to the types of

SharePoint workflows and their architecture. It also introduces tools you can

use to build custom workflows and provides a list of workflow features that are

new with the release of SharePoint 2010.

■

Chapter 2 leads you through the workflow basics by helping you use an out-of-

the-box workflow, the Three State workflow. You’ll see how to add and remove

workflows, start and stop workflows, and view a workflow’s history.

In part 2, “No-code SharePoint workflows,” the book transitions into how to build cus-

tom workflows without writing code. Chapters 5 to 7 will be right up the alley of folks

who aren’t programmers, although programmers shouldn’t skip these chapters. As a

seasoned programmer, I use no-code workflow techniques more frequently than cod-

ing techniques:

■

Chapter 3 takes you through your first custom workflow, using a tool called

SharePoint Designer. This tool provides an intuitive user interface to create cus-

tom workflows; the chapter leads you through this interface and the core

actions that your workflow can perform.

■

Chapter 4 takes a SharePoint Designer workflow to the next level by discussing

task processing within workflows. Almost all workflows revolve around human

interaction, which you can accomplish by issuing tasks.

■

Chapter 5 extends SharePoint Designer workflows further by covering tech-

niques such as templates and workflows involved in document sets and security.

The chapter also covers workflow interactions with external data via Business

Continuity Services.

■

Chapter 6 digs into business analyses connected with workflows by introducing

Office Visio workflows. The chapter covers the technique of diagramming a work-

flow in Visio and subsequently importing that workflow into SharePoint Designer.

■

Chapter 7 discusses using custom forms with InfoPath. SharePoint workflows

and InfoPath are coupled together. For an InfoPath and SharePoint newbie,

this is a great introduction. You’ll learn how to customize the out-of-the-box

forms, publish custom forms to content types, and map form data to columns.

In part 3, “Custom-coded SharePoint workflows,” you’ll put on your development hat

and learn how to build the most complex workflows:

ABOUT THIS BOOK

xix

■

Chapter 8 is the first chapter in which you use Visual Studio to build a custom

workflow. The chapter covers how workflows are packaged and deployed into

SharePoint. Then, we discuss sequential workflows and state-machine workflows.

■

Chapter 9 takes the Visual Studio workflow discussion further by demonstrating

how to introduce custom forms into your workflows. The chapter covers both Info-

Path and

ASP.NET forms, as well as association, initiation, and modification forms.

■

Chapter 10 covers task-edit forms. The chapter is dedicated to task processing

in custom Visual Studio SharePoint workflows.

■

Chapter 11 is focused on how to build custom activities for your Visual Studio

workflows. The chapter leads you through how to publish those custom activi-

ties into SharePoint Designer as actions. We also cover custom conditions for

SharePoint Designer.

■

Chapter 12 is a compilation of shorter but valuable workflow developer tech-

niques. These include how to debug and handle errors in your workflows. We

discuss versioning workflows, as well as workflow events. The chapter ends with

a brief discussion of the workflow object model.

Code conventions and downloads

All code in the book is presented in a

fixed-width

font

this

to separate it

from ordinary text. Code annotations accompany many of the listings, highlighting

important concepts. In some cases, numbered bullets link to explanations that follow

the listing.

In longer code examples, only the important code segments are included in the

book. You will find the full code for all the examples in the book available for down-

load from the publisher’s website at www.manning.com/wicklund or www.man-

ning.com/SharePoint2010WorkflowsinAction.

Software requirements

Because this is a SharePoint 2010 workflow book, you’ll obviously need Share-

Point 2010. If you’re a programmer, this will include a SharePoint development work-

station where you have your own local instance of SharePoint 2010. For nondevelopers,

browser access to a SharePoint site is sufficient. Workflow in SharePoint 2010 is a fea-

ture of SharePoint Foundation, which means SharePoint Server isn’t required. But if

your workflow will use server features such as InfoPath Forms Server, you may need

SharePoint Server, Microsoft Office Visio 2010, SharePoint Designer 2010, and Visual

Studio 2010 (for developers).

Author Online

The purchase of SharePoint 2010 Workflows in Action includes free access to the private

online forum hosted by Manning Publications. There comments can be made, questions

can be asked, and help can be given, all on a voluntary basis by the authors and other

forum geeks. You can access the forum for this book at www.manning.com/

SharePoint2010WorkflowsinAction.

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