TI DRV2605: I2C智能触控驱动器，具备专利回放引擎与特性

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TI-DRV2605是一款高度集成的电子元件，专为具有内置库和智能环路架构的触觉反馈或振动驱动器设计，如线性谐振致动器(LRA)和偏轴转动惯量电机(ERM)应用。该驱动器的关键特性包括： 1. **灵活触控反馈与智能控制**: - 支持LRA和ERM，提供定制化的触觉体验，能够适应不同类型的设备，如手机、平板电脑、手表等。 - 内置Immersion™ TouchSense®2200特性，允许集成 Immersion 效果库，实现音频到氛围的效果，提升用户交互的沉浸感。 2. **数字回放引擎与I2C接口**: - 驱动器采用I2C接口进行控制，提供实时回放模式，便于远程控制和设备配置，增强系统的扩展性和灵活性。 3. **智能环路架构**: - 包括自动过驱/制动功能，确保在ERM/LRA工作时的稳定性能。 - 自动谐振跟踪功能，使得LRA能够精确地响应设备运动。 - 动态诊断能力，有助于检测和处理致动器问题。 - 水平校准功能，确保设备在不同环境下的准确操作。 4. **多模式驱动与控制选项**: - 提供可调占空比PWM输入，以及模拟输入控制，允许用户根据需求调整输出特性。 - 可选的硬件触发输入，增强外部信号的响应能力。 - 高效的输出驱动，保证设备的性能表现。 5. **快速响应与电源管理**: - 快速启动时间和电源电压下的连续加速，确保设备迅速响应和稳定的能源利用。 - 兼容1.8V电源，具备宽泛的VDD电压容限，适用于多种系统电压。 6. **广泛的应用领域**: - 驱动器广泛应用于手机、平板电脑、智能手表、远程控制设备以及支持触觉反馈的人机交互界面，包括鼠标和其他外设。 7. **专利保护与重要声明**: - 技术文档中包含了关于产品可用性、保修政策、安全关键应用使用、知识产权声明及法律免责声明等重要信息，用户在使用前需仔细阅读。 TI-DRV2605是一款创新的触觉驱动解决方案，其智能化、灵活控制和高效性能使其成为现代电子设备中不可或缺的组件。

DRV2605

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7.3 Feature Description

7.3.1 Support for ERM and LRA Actuators

The DRV2605 device supports both ERM and LRA actuators. The ERM_LRA bit in register 0x1A must be

configured to select the type of actuator that the device uses.

7.3.2 Smart-Loop Architecture

The smart-loop architecture is an advanced closed-loop system that optimizes the performance of the actuator

and allows for failure detection. The architecture consists of automatic resonance tracking and reporting (for an

LRA), automatic level calibration, accelerated startup and braking, diagnostics routines, and other proprietary

algorithms.

7.3.2.1 Auto-Resonance Engine for LRA

The DRV2605 auto-resonance engine tracks the resonant frequency of an LRA in real time, effectively locking

onto the resonance frequency after half of a cycle. If the resonant frequency shifts in the middle of a waveform

for any reason, the engine tracks the frequency from cycle to cycle. The auto-resonance engine accomplishes

the tracking by constantly monitoring the back-EMF of the actuator. The auto-resonance engine is not affected by

the auto calibration process, which is only used for level calibration. No calibration is required for the auto

resonance engine. See the Auto-Resonance Engine Programming for the LRA section for auto-resonance engine

programming information.

7.3.2.2 Real-Time Resonance-Frequency Reporting for LRA

The smart-loop architecture makes the resonant frequency of the LRA available through I

C (see the LRA

Resonance Period (Address: 0x22) section). Because frequency reporting occurs in real time, the frequency

must be polled while the DRV2605 device synchronizes with the LRA. The data should not be polled when the

actuator is idle or braking.

7.3.2.3 Automatic Overdrive and Braking

A key feature of the DRV2605 is the smart-loop architecture which employs actuator feedback control for both

ERMs and LRAs. The feedback control desensitizes the input waveform from the motor-response behavior by

providing automatic overdrive and automatic braking.

An open-loop haptic system typically drives an overdrive voltage at startup that is higher than the steady-state

rated voltage of the actuator to decrease the startup latency of the actuator. Likewise, a braking algorithm must

be employed for effective braking. When using an open-loop driver, these behaviors must be contained in the

input waveform data. Figure 11 shows how two different ERMs with different startup behaviors (Motor A and

Motor B) can both be driven optimally by the smart-loop architecture with a simple input for both motors. The

smart-loop architecture works equally well for LRAs with a combination of feedback control and an auto-

resonance engine.

Input and output

Accleration

Ideal Open-Loop Waveform for Motor A

Output with feedback

Ideal Open-Loop Waveform for Motor B

Same simple input for

both motors

Feedback provides

optimum output drive

DRV2605

ZHCSCW9E –DECEMBER 2012–REVISED APRIL 2018

www.ti.com.cn

Feature Description (continued)

Figure 11. Waveform Simplification With Smart Loop

7.3.2.3.1 Startup Boost

To reduce the actuator start-time performance, the DRV2605 device has an overdrive boost feature that applies

higher loop gain to transient response of the actuator. The STARTUP_BOOST bit enables the feature.

7.3.2.3.2 Brake Factor

To reduce the actuator brake-time performance, the DRV2605 device provides a means to increase the gain

ratio between braking and driving gain. Higher feedback-gain ratios reduce the brake time, however, the gain

ratios also reduce the stability of the closed-loop system. The FB_BRAKE_FACTOR[2:0] bits can be adjusted to

set the brake factor.

7.3.2.3.3 Brake Stabilizer

To improve brake stability at high brake-factor gain ratios, the DRV2605 device has a brake-stabilizer

mechanism that automatically reduces the loop gain when the braking is near completion. The

BRAKE_STABILIZER bit enables the feature.

7.3.2.4 Automatic Level Calibration

The smart-loop architecture uses actuator feedback by monitoring the back-EMF behavior of the actuator. The

level of back-EMF voltage can vary across actuator manufacturers because of the specific actuator construction.

Auto calibration compensates for the variation and also performs scaling for the desired actuator according to the

specified rated voltage and overdrive clamp-register settings. When auto calibration is performed, a 100% signal

level at any of the DRV2605 input interfaces supplies the rated voltage to the actuator at steady-state. The

feedback allows the output level to increase above the rated voltage level for automatic overdrive and braking,

but without allowing the output level to exceed the programmable overdrive clamp voltage.

In the event where the automatic level-calibration routine fails, the DIAG_RESULT bit in register 0x00 is asserted

to flag the problem. Calibration failures are typically fixed by adjusting the registers associated with the automatic

level-calibration routine or, for LRA actuators, the registers associated with the automatic-resonance detection

engine. See the Automatic-Level Calibration Programming section for automatic-level calibration programming.

DRV2605

www.ti.com.cn

ZHCSCW9E –DECEMBER 2012–REVISED APRIL 2018

Feature Description (continued)

7.3.2.4.1 Automatic Compensation for Resistive Losses

The DRV2605 device automatically compensates for resistive losses in the driver. During the automatic level-

calibration routine, the impedance of the actuator is checked and the compensation factor is determined and

stored in the A_CAL_COMP[7:0] bit.

7.3.2.4.2 Automatic Back-EMF Normalization

The DRV2605 device automatically compensates for differences in back-EMF magnitude between actuators. The

compensation factor is determined during the automatic level-calibration routine and the factor is stored in the

A_CAL_BEMF[7:0] bit.

7.3.2.4.3 Calibration Time Adjustment

The duration of the automatic level-calibration routine has an impact on accuracy. The impact is highly

dependent on the start-time characteristic of the actuator. The auto-calibration routine expects the actuator to

have reached a steady acceleration before the calibration factors are calculated. Because the start-time

characteristic can be different for each actuator, the AUTO_CAL_TIME[1:0] bit can change the duration of the

automatic level-calibration routine to optimize calibration performance.

7.3.2.4.4 Loop-Gain Control

The DRV2605 device allows the user to control how fast the driver attempts to match the back-EMF (and thus

motor velocity) and the input signal level. Higher loop-gain (or faster settling) options result in less-stable

operation than lower loop gain (or slower settling). The LOOP_GAIN[1:0] bit controls the loop gain.

7.3.2.4.5 Back-EMF Gain Control

The BEMF_GAIN[1:0] bit sets the analog gain for the back-EMF amplifier. The auto-calibration routine

automatically populates the bit with the most appropriate value for the actuator.

Modifying the SAMPLE_TIME[1:0] bit also adjusts the back-EMF gain. The higher the sample time, the higher

the gain.

By default, the back-EMF is sampled once during a period. In the event that a twice per-period sampling is

desired, assert the LRA_DRIVE_MODE bit.

7.3.2.5 Actuator Diagnostics

The DRV2605 device is capable of determining whether the actuator is not present (open) or shorted. If a fault is

detected during the diagnostic process, the DIAG_RESULT bit is asserted.

7.3.3 Open-Loop Operation for LRA

When using the PWM input in open-loop mode, the DRV2605 device employs a fixed divider that observes the

PWM signal and commutates the output drive signal at the PWM frequency divided by 128. To accomplish LRA

drive, the host should drive the PWM frequency at 128 times the desired operating frequency.

7.3.4 Open-Loop Operation for ERM

The DRV2605 device offers ERM open-loop operation through the PWM input. The output voltage is based on

the duty cycle of the provided PWM signal, where the OD_CLAMP[7:0] bit in register 0x17 sets the full-scale

amplitude. For details see the Rated Voltage Programming section.

7.3.5 Flexible Front-End Interface

The DRV2605 device offers multiple ways to launch and control haptic effects. The MODE[2:0] bit in register

0x01 is used to select the interface mode.

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TI DRV2605: I2C智能触控驱动器，具备专利回放引擎与特性

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