SAA7114H: PAL/NTSC/SECAM视频解码器与高性能缩放器

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"SAA7114数据手册是关于Philips Semiconductors生产的一款集成芯片的详细技术文档，主要功能包括PAL/NTSC/SECAM视频解码、自适应PAL/NTSC梳状滤波器、VBI（垂直消隐间隔）数据解码和切片以及高性能的缩放器。" SAA7114H是一款高度集成的视频处理芯片，广泛应用于视频解码和图像处理领域。以下是对该芯片各个关键特性的详细说明： 1. **视频解码器**：SAA7114H支持多种电视制式，包括PAL、NTSC和SECAM，能将模拟电视信号转换为数字信号，以便进行后续处理。这使得它能够在全球不同地区使用，因为这些制式在不同国家和地区有所不同。 2. **视频缩放器**：该芯片内置了高性能的视频缩放功能，可以调整输入视频的分辨率，适应不同的显示设备或系统需求。这一特性对于视频信号的适应性和灵活性至关重要。 3. **垂直消隐间隔（VBI）数据解码和切片**：SAA7114H能够从VBI数据中提取信息，如Teletext、closed captioning等，并进行解码和切片处理，这在广播数据服务中非常重要。 4. **音频时钟生成**：芯片内部集成了音频时钟发生器，可以产生稳定准确的音频采样时钟，确保音频信号的质量。 5. **数字I/O接口**：SAA7114H提供数字输入和输出接口，方便与其他数字电路或微处理器通信，实现更复杂的系统集成。 6. **其他功能**：包括但不限于电源管理、错误检测和控制信号处理等，以确保整个系统的稳定运行。在应用方面，SAA7114H常用于电视接收机、视频播放设备、视频转换器和各种专业视频处理系统。其内部结构包括解码器、解码输出格式化器、缩放器、VBI数据解码器和捕获模块、图像端口输出格式化器以及音频时钟生成模块。此外，手册还提供了详细的引脚配置、功能描述、输入/输出接口和端口信息，有助于设计者正确连接和配置SAA7114H芯片，以满足特定应用需求。例如，模拟终端用于接收模拟视频信号，音频时钟信号则用于同步音频处理，而时钟和实时同步信号则确保了整个视频处理流程的时间一致性。 SAA7114H是一款功能强大的视频处理芯片，具备多种高级功能，能够处理复杂的视频信号并提供高质量的视频输出，同时具备良好的兼容性和灵活性。对于需要处理多种电视制式和VBI数据的系统设计者来说，这款芯片是一个理想的选择。

2000 Mar 15 16

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

PAL/NTSC/SECAM video decoder with adaptive PAL/NTSC

comb ﬁlter, VBI-data slicer and high performance scaler

SAA7114H

Fig.7 Gain flow chart.

handbook, full pagewidth

ANALOG INPUT

AMPLIFIER

ANTI-ALIAS FILTER

ADC

LUMA/CHROMA DECODER

HSY

254

248

X = 0

X = 1

−1/LLC2

+1/LLC2 −1/LLC2

+/− 0

+1/F

+1/L

GAIN ACCUMULATOR (18 BITS)

ACTUAL GAIN VALUE 9-BIT (AGV)

[

−3/+6 dB

]

STOP

HSY

UPDATE

FGV

MHB531

AGV

GAIN VALUE 9-BIT

VBLK

NO ACTION

DAC

gain

HOLDG

X = system variable.

Y = (IAGV − FGVI) > GUDL.

VBLK = vertical blanking pulse.

HSY = horizontal sync pulse.

AGV = actual gain value.

FGV = frozen gain value.

2000 Mar 15 19

Philips Semiconductors Preliminary speciﬁcation

PAL/NTSC/SECAM video decoder with adaptive PAL/NTSC

comb ﬁlter, VBI-data slicer and high performance scaler

SAA7114H

8.1.3.1 Chrominance path

The 9-bit CVBS or chrominance input signal is fed to the

input of a quadrature demodulator, where it is multiplied by

two time-multiplexed subcarrier signals from the subcarrier

generation block 1 (0° and 90° phase relationship to the

demodulator axis). The frequency is dependent on the

chosen colour standard.

The time-multiplexed output signals of the multipliers are

low-pass filtered (low-pass 1). Eight characteristics are

programmable via LCWB3 to LCWB0 to achieve the

desired bandwidth for the colour difference signals (PAL,

NTSC) or the 0° and 90° FM signals (SECAM).

The chrominance low-pass 1 characteristic also influences

the grade of cross-luminance reduction during horizontal

colour transients (large chrominance bandwidth means

strong suppression of cross-luminance). If the Y-comb

filter is disabled by YCOMB = 0 the filter influences directly

the width of the chrominance notch within the luminance

path (large chrominance bandwidth means wide

chrominance notch resulting to lower luminance

bandwidth).

The low-pass filtered signals are fed to the adaptive comb

filter block. The chrominance components are separated

from the luminance via a two line vertical stage (four lines

for PAL standards) and a decision logic between the

filtered and the non-filtered output signals. This block is

bypassed for SECAM signals. The comb filter logic can be

enabled independently for the succeeding luminance and

chrominance processing by YCOMB (subaddress 09H,

bit 6) and/or CCOMB (subaddress 0EH, bit 0). It is always

bypassed during VBI or raw data lines programmable by

the LCRn registers (subaddresses 41H to 57H), see

Section 8.2.

The separated UV-components are further processed by a

second filter stage (low-pass 2) to modify the chrominance

bandwidth without influence to the luminance path. It’s

characteristic is controlled by CHBW (subaddress 10H,

bit 3). For the complete transfer characteristic of

low-passes 1 and 2 see Figs 10 and 11.

The SECAM processing (bypassed for QUAM standards)

contains the following blocks:

• Baseband ‘bell’ filters to reconstruct the amplitude and

phase equalized 0° and 90° FM signals

• Phase demodulator and differentiator

(FM-demodulation)

• De-emphasis filter to compensate the pre-emphasized

input signal, including frequency offset compensation

(DB or DR white carrier values are subtracted from the

signal, controlled by the SECAM switch signal).

The succeeding chrominance gain control block amplifies

or attenuates the UV-signal according to the required

ITU 601/656 levels. It is controlled by the output signal

from the amplitude detection circuit within the burst

processing block.

The burst processing block provides the feedback loop of

the chrominance PLL and contains:

• Burst gate accumulator

• Colour identification and killer

• Comparison nominal/actual burst amplitude

(PAL/NTSC standards only)

• Loop filter chrominance gain control

(PAL/NTSC standards only)

• Loop filter chrominance PLL (only active for

PAL/NTSC standards)

• PAL/SECAM sequence detection, H/2-switch

generation.

The increment generation circuit produces the Discrete

Time Oscillator (DTO) increment for both subcarrier

generation blocks. It contains a division by the increment

of the line-locked clock generator to create a stable

phase-locked sine signal under all conditions (e.g. for

non-standard signals).

The PAL delay line block eliminates crosstalk between the

chrominance channels in accordance with the

PAL standard requirements. For NTSC colour standards

the delay line can be used as an additional vertical filter.

If desired, it can be switched off by DCVF = 1. It is always

disabled during VBI or raw data lines programmable by the

LCRn registers (subaddresses 41H to 47H), see

Section 8.2. The embedded line delay is also used for

SECAM recombination (cross-over switches).

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SAA7114H: PAL/NTSC/SECAM视频解码器与高性能缩放器

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