自建教程：深入理解与实践AngularJS

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《Build Your Own AngularJS》是一本面向实战程序员编写的书籍，旨在帮助读者深入理解并掌握AngularJS这一强大的前端框架。作者Tero Parviainen针对两种读者群体设计：初学者，希望通过本书学习AngularJS；或是已经熟悉该框架，但希望深入了解其内部机制的专业开发者。本书的核心内容围绕AngularJS的核心概念展开，包括但不限于： 1. **介绍**：对读者提出了阅读本书的方式和建议，以及作者、版本历史和联系方式等基本信息。 2. **项目设置**：详细指导如何安装Node.js和NPM（Node包管理器），这是构建AngularJS项目的基础环境。 3. **创建项目目录结构**：介绍了项目组织结构，包括设置必要的文件夹，如用于存放源代码、测试用例等。 4. **package.json**：讲解如何编写`package.json`文件，以管理和依赖其他npm包，如JSHint进行静态分析，Jasmine、Sinon和Karma用于单元测试。 5. **核心功能实践**： - **$watch和$digest**：深入剖析AngularJS的双向数据绑定背后的原理，即如何监控对象属性变化，并触发digest循环。 - **脏检查**：讲解如何检测值的变化，包括初始化时的处理和脏值检测策略。 - **$eval和$apply**：解释在上下文中执行代码的重要性，以及如何与外部代码集成，确保安全性和性能。 6. **实用工具集成**：介绍了如何使用Browserify将模块化代码打包，以及引入Lo-Dash和jQuery等库来增强功能。 7. **高级主题**：涉及如NaN值处理和优化的深入讨论，以及如何处理不稳定的digest循环和短路条件。这本书不仅提供理论知识，还通过实践项目来帮助读者巩固理解，是AngularJS开发者提升技能和理解框架工作原理的实用指南。对于希望自定义或扩展AngularJS框架的开发人员来说，这是一本不可或缺的参考资料。

Build Your Own Angular Contents

21 Interpolation 979

The $interpolate service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979

Interpolating Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 981

Value Stringiﬁcation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 987

Supporting Escaped Interpolation Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 990

Skipping Interpolation When There Are No Expressions . . . . . . . . . . 991

Text Node Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 993

Attribute Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1000

Optimizing Interpolation Watches With A Watch Delegate . . . . . . . . 1010

Making Interpolation Symbols Conﬁgurable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1017

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1023

22 Bootstrapping Angular 1025

The ngClick Directive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1025

Bootstrapping Angular Applications Manually . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1029

Bootstrapping Angular Applications Automatically . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1038

Building The Production Bundle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042

Running An Example App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1044

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1047

Introduction

This book is written for the working programmer, who either wants to learn Angu-

larJS, or already knows AngularJS and wants to know what makes it tick.

AngularJS is not a small framework. It has a large surface area with many new

concepts to grasp. Its codebase is also substantial, with 35K lines of JavaScript in

it. While all of those new concepts and all of those lines of code give you powerful

tools to build the apps you need, they also come with a learning curve.

I hate working with technologies I don’t quite understand. Too often, it leads to

code that just happens to work, not because you truly understand what it does, but

because you went through a lot of trial and error to make it work. Code like that is

diﬃcult to change and debug. You can’t reason your way through problems. You

just poke at the code until it all seems to align.

Frameworks like AngularJS, powerful as they are, are prone to this kind of code.

Do you understand how Angular does dependency injection? Do you know the

mechanics of scope inheritance? What exactly happens during directive transclusion?

When you don’t know how these things work, as I didn’t when I started working

with Angular, you just have to go by what the documentation says. When that isn’t

enough, you try diﬀerent things until you have what you need.

The thing is, while there’s a lot of code in AngularJS, it’s all just code. It’s no

diﬀerent from the code in your applications. Most of it is well-factored, readable

code. You can study it to learn how Angular does what it does. When you’ve done

that, you’re much better equipped to deal with the issues you face in your daily

application development work. You’ll know not only what features Angular provides

to solve a particular problem, but also how those features work, how to get the most

out of them, and where they fall short.

The purpose of this book is to help you demystify the inner workings of AngularJS.

To take it apart and put it back together again, in order to truly understand how it

works.

A true craftsman knows their tools well. So well that they could in fact make their

own tools if needed. This book will help you get there with AngularJS.

Build Your Own Angular Chapter 0. Introduction

How To Read This Book

During the course of the book we will be building an implementation of AngularJS.

We’ll start from the very beginning, and in each chapter extend the implementation

with new capabilities.

While there are certain areas of functionality in Angular that are largely independent,

most of the code you’ll be writing builds on things implemented in previous chapters.

That is why a sequential reading will help you get the most out of this book.

The format of the book is simple: Each feature is introduced by discussing what it

is and why it’s needed. We will then proceed to implement the feature following

test-driven development practices: By writing failing tests and then writing the code

to make them pass. As a result, we will produce not only the framework code, but

also a test suite for it.

It is highly encouraged that you not only read the code, but also actually type it in

and build your own Angular while reading the book. To really make sure you’ve

grasped a concept, poke it from diﬀerent directions: Write additional test cases. Try

to intentionally break it in a few ways. Refactor the code to match your own style

while keeping the tests passing.

If you’re only interested in certain parts of the framework, feel free to skip to the

chapters that interest you. While you may need to reference back occasionally,

you should be able to poach the best bits of Angular to your own application or

framework with little diﬃculty.

Source Code

The source code and test suite implemented in this book can be found on GitHub,

at https://github.com/teropa/build-your-own-angularjs/.

To make following along easier, commits in the repository are ordered to match the

order of events in the book. Each commit message references the corresponding

section title in the book. Note that this means that during the production of the

book, the history of the code repository may change as revisions are made.

There is also a Git tag for each chapter, pointing to the state of the codebase at the

end of that chapter. You can download archives of the code corresponding to these

tags from https://github.com/teropa/build-your-own-angularjs/releases.

Contributors

I would like to thank the following people for their valuable feedback and help during

the writing of this book:

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自建教程：深入理解与实践AngularJS

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Build_Your_Own_Angularjs:构建自己的Angularjs书籍代码

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