速学Java 8：为忙碌者打造的实战教程

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"《Java SE 8 for the Really Impatient》是一本专为希望快速学习Java 8编程语言的读者编写的教程。本书由Cay S. Horstmann所著，由Upper Saddle River出版社发行，覆盖了全球多个主要城市。该书旨在帮助那些时间紧张或对Java 8新特性和功能急于了解的开发者，通过简洁明了的方式介绍Java 8的关键特性。在Java 8中，作者特别关注以下几个重要知识点： 1. **Lambda表达式**：Java 8引入了一种新的语法结构，使得函数式编程更加直观和便捷。Lambda表达式允许程序员将行为作为参数传递，简化回调函数和集合操作的处理。 2. **Stream API**：本书会深入讲解Stream API，它是Java 8处理数据的强大工具，提供了并行流、过滤、映射、排序等高阶操作，极大地提高了代码的可读性和性能。 3. **Optional类**：这个新的容器类用于处理可能不存在的数据，避免了空指针异常，提高了代码的健壮性。 4. **日期/时间API**：Java 8对日期和时间处理进行了重大改进，引入了`java.time`包，包括`LocalDate`、`LocalTime`和`LocalDateTime`等类，提供了更准确和灵活的日期时间处理方式。 5. **默认方法与接口的扩展**：Java 8允许接口定义方法，使得接口可以具有更多的功能，这被称为默认方法，有助于简化代码结构。 6. **模块化（Modularity）**：Java 8引入了模块系统，提高了代码的组织和管理，有助于更好地复用和管理大型项目。 7. **Error Handling and Exception Management**：书中还涉及如何有效地处理错误和异常，强调了现代Java编程中的异常处理最佳实践。《Java SE 8 for the Really Impatient》适合初级到中级Java开发者，无论你是希望快速上手Java 8的新手，还是希望提升现有技能的开发者，这本书都能提供实用且易于理解的指导。同时，由于版权问题，部分设计商标识以特定格式显示，且本书强调了购买正版以支持作者和出版商的权益，并对商业定制版本有所提及。这是一本旨在让Java开发者在短时间内掌握Java 8核心特性的实用指南。"

ptg12441863

Cay S. Horstmann is the author of Scala for the Impatient (Addison-Wesley, 2012),

is principal author of Core Java

™

, Volumes I and II, Ninth Edition (Prentice Hall,

2013), and has written a dozen other books for professional programmers and

computer science students. He is a professor of computer science at San Jose State

University and is a Java Champion.

About the Author

ptg12441863

Arrays.sort(strings, new LengthComparator());

The sort method keeps calling the compare method, rearranging the elements if

they are out of order, until the array is sorted. You give the sort method a snippet

of code needed to compare elements, and that code is integrated into the rest of

the sorting logic, which you’d probably not care to reimplement.

NOTE: The call Integer.compare(x, y) returns zero if x and y are equal, a

negative number if x < y, and a positive number if x > y. This static method

has been added to Java 7 (see Chapter 9). Note that you shouldn’t compute

x - y to compare x and y since that computation can overﬂow for large

operands of opposite sign.

As another example for deferred execution, consider a button callback. You put

the callback action into a method of a class implementing the listener interface,

construct an instance, and register the instance with the button. That happens so

often that many programmers use the “anonymous instance of anonymous class”

syntax:

button.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {

public void handle(ActionEvent event) {

System.out.println("Thanks for clicking!");

}

});

What matters is the code inside the handle method. That code is executed

whenever the button is clicked.

NOTE: Since Java 8 positions JavaFX as the successor to the Swing GUI

toolkit, I use JavaFX in these examples. (See Chapter 4 for more information

on JavaFX.) Of course, the details don’t matter. In every user interface toolkit,

be it Swing, JavaFX, or Android, you give a button some code that you want

to run when the button is clicked.

In all three examples, you saw the same approach. A block of code was passed

to someone—a thread pool, a sort method, or a button. The code was called at

some later time.

Up to now, giving someone a block of code hasn’t been easy in Java. You couldn’t

just pass code blocks around. Java is an object-oriented language, so you had to

construct an object belonging to a class that has a method with the desired code.

In other languages, it is possible to work with blocks of code directly. The Java

designers have resisted adding this feature for a long time. After all, a great

1.1 Why Lambdas?

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