PLSQL Developer 13使用手册：编程与优化指南

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"PLSQL Developer 13 是一款专用于开发和管理PL/SQL程序的集成开发环境（IDE）。此用户指南提供了关于如何使用该工具的详细信息，涵盖了从安装到高级特性的各个方面，旨在帮助用户高效地进行Oracle数据库的PL/SQL编程工作。" 在PLSQL Developer 13中，用户将学习到以下关键知识点： 1. **介绍**：这部分可能包含对PLSQL Developer 13的基本介绍，包括它的功能、优点以及它如何支持PL/SQL编程。 2. **安装**：指南详细阐述了系统的最低需求，以及两种安装方式——交互式安装和静默安装。系统要求部分将指导用户确保硬件和软件环境满足运行PLSQL Developer 13的条件。交互式安装步骤简单易懂，而静默安装适用于自动化部署。同时，还包括了卸载程序的说明。 3. **登录Oracle数据库**：用户将了解如何连接到Oracle数据库，设置连接参数，以及如何管理和保存这些连接信息。 4. **编写程序**：这一章节介绍了创建、保存、修改和编译PL/SQL程序的基本步骤。创建程序时，用户将学习如何使用IDE的界面来编写代码。保存程序是确保工作不会丢失的重要环节。修改程序涉及到如何使用编辑器进行更新，并理解版本控制。编译程序是检查语法错误和逻辑问题的关键步骤。 5. **测试程序**：这部分详细讲解了如何创建和执行测试脚本，包括定义变量类型、保存测试脚本、追踪运行时错误。此外，还有关于包的状态、Java会话状态的讨论，以及查看结果集、DBMS_OUTPUT、HTTP输出的方法。调试功能允许用户逐行执行代码，查找并修复错误。追踪执行则提供更深入的分析，而回归测试和创建标准测试则帮助确保代码的质量和稳定性。 6. **优化**：这部分涵盖了解析计划窗口的使用，自动统计信息的收集，以及PL/SQL Profiler和SQL Trace的运用，这些都是提高代码性能和效率的关键工具。 7. **adhoc SQL**：用户将学习如何使用SQL窗口执行即时SQL查询，以及如何利用结果集进行进一步的数据操作。 8. **其他功能**：除了上述内容，用户指南可能还包含如数据库对象的管理、团队协作工具、代码模板、版本控制集成等其他实用特性。通过深入理解和实践这个用户指南，用户可以充分利用PLSQL Developer 13的功能，提升PL/SQL开发的效率和质量。

16 PL/SQL Developer 13.0 User’s Guide

The saved program file has a format that is compatible with Oracle SQL*Plus. As an example, the

source file containing the 'odd' and 'even' function looks like this:

create or replace function Even(Value in integer) return boolean is

Result boolean;

begin

-- Check if there is a remainder after dividing by 2

Result := (Value mod 2 = 0);

return(Result);

end Even;

create or replace function Odd(Value in integer) return boolean is

Result boolean;

begin

Result := not Even(Value);

return(Result);

end Odd;

When this file is executed through SQL*Plus, both functions will be created.

4.3 Modifying a program

You can open a previously saved program file by pressing the Open button on File ribbon and selecting

the Program file item. If the file was recently used, you can also open it by selecting Reopen from the

File ribbon. When you start editing, a blue colored indicator at the bottom of the window lights up. This

indicates that the file is modified, but not yet saved. There is also a yellow colored indicator, which

indicates that the file is modified, but not yet compiled.

4.4 Compiling a program

You can compile a program file by pressing the Execute button on the Session ribbon or on the Quick

Access Toolbar. All program units in the program file are compiled, starting with the first one,

regardless of the program unit that is currently selected. When an error occurs, compilation is

terminated and the editor is positioned at the source line that caused the error:

If there is more than one error and you wish to correct them, you can click on the next error message at

the bottom of the Program Editor to go to the error location. If you have configured PL/SQL Developer

to use the HTML manuals as described in chapter 32.2, you can double-click on a compilation error to

display the corresponding paragraph in the Oracle Error Messages manual.

PL/SQL Developer 13.0 User’s Guide 17

The compilation error list can also contain hints. Hints do not cause the compilation to fail, but they

may indicate an issue that could cause a run-time error (such as a comparison with null, a function

without a return value, an unused parameter, and so on). For more information about hints, see chapter

20.18.

If an error message is displayed in a message box after compilation, this means that the create statement

failed without actually compiling the source. The error message should explain the cause of the error. If

for example you get the 'create or replace' syntax wrong, it will say "ORA-00900: Invalid SQL

statement" in a message box.

Note: If you are using Oracle Server 7.2 or earlier, a trigger compilation error is always reported in a

message box. Only since Oracle Server 7.3, trigger compilation errors are reported in the same way as

procedures, functions, packages and types.

4.5 Comparing a program

To compare a program source to another version in the database or on the file system, you can right-

click on the editor and click on the Compare to submenu-item:

These 4 functions will show a visual line-by-line difference between 2 program sources. The Configure

External Difference Tool button allows you to configure the difference tool should be used. By default

the ExamDiff utility will be used, for which a Pro version is available (See the About item of

ExamDiff’s Info menu). See also chapter 20.22.

Current file

If you have opened a file from the file system and have made some changes, this function will show the

differences between the file on disk and the Program Window. After saving the Program Window these

two versions will always be the same. If there is no file associated with the Program Window, this

function will be disabled.

Current database source

This function will show the differences between the object source in the database and the current editor.

After compilation these two versions will always be the same.

Other file

This function allows you compare the current Program Window to any file. After selecting the file, the

differences will be displayed.

Other database object

This function allows you compare the current editor to any object source in the database with the same

name. After selecting the connection for the database object, the differences will be displayed.

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