.net Remoting 简明教程：提升效率与英语的双赢

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.NET Remoting 是 Microsoft .NET 框架早期提供的远程过程调用（RPC）技术，它允许开发人员在分布式应用程序中实现对象间的通信。尽管相比 Web Service 和 WCF（Windows Communication Foundation）来说，.NET Remoting 是较老的技术，但它依然因其高效性和轻量级的特点在某些场景下被广泛使用，尤其是在对性能敏感或对复杂性有较高要求的应用中。该学习资料名为《Advanced.NET Remoting, Second Edition》（高级.NET Remoting 第二版），由 Ingo Rammer 和 Mario Szpuszta 联合撰写，版权属于 2005 年。书中全面介绍了.NET Remoting 的原理、设计模式、配置选项以及最佳实践，适合希望深入了解这项技术的开发者阅读。由于是英文版本，这将是一个提升英语能力的好机会，同时也提供了一个深入理解.NET Remoting 实际应用的平台。 .NET Remoting 的核心知识点包括： 1. **对象引用与序列化**: .NET Remoting 通过自定义序列化器将对象实例转换为可以跨网络传输的数据结构。这涉及到对象的接口、序列化/反序列化机制以及如何处理不同数据类型和跨语言通信。 2. **激活策略**: Remoting 提供了多种激活策略，如单例、多实例和默认激活，开发人员可以根据应用需求选择最合适的策略来控制远程对象的行为。 3. **命名管道与注册表**: 命名管道是 Remoting 中的一种通信方式，它提供了一种高效且相对安全的通信途径。注册表则用于存储和查找远程服务的元数据，以便客户端能够找到并调用它们。 4. **安全性与身份验证**: .NET Remoting 支持基本的身份验证和更高级的安全模型，如Windows身份验证，这对于保护远程通信至关重要。 5. **跨域通信与防火墙考虑**: 跨域通信时，开发者需了解如何处理跨域限制，以及如何在防火墙环境下配置 Remoting 服务以确保其可用性。 6. **与WCF的区别与迁移**: 尽管WCF在后来成为更现代化的选择，但了解 Remoting 的局限性和与 WCF 的异同，有助于在选择和设计分布式架构时做出明智决策。《Advanced.NET Remoting, Second Edition》是一本不可或缺的参考书籍，对于想要掌握 .NET Remoting 的开发者来说，无论是为了项目实践还是理论研究，都是一个宝贵的学习资源。通过阅读和实践书中的内容，读者将能更好地理解和利用这项技术来构建高效、稳定的分布式应用程序。

About the Authors

■INGO RAMMER is cofounder of thinktecture, a company supporting software architects and

developers with architecture and design of .NET and Web Services applications. He is a regular

speaker about these topics at conferences around the world, author of numerous online and

print articles, and winner of the .NET Developer’s Journal’s Readers’ Choice Award for Best .NET

Book of 2003. You can reach him at http://www.thinktecture.com/staff/ingo.

■MARIO SZPUSZTA is working in the Developer and Platform Group of Microsoft Austria. Before

he started working for Microsoft, Mario was involved in several projects based on COM+ and

DCOM with Visual Basic and Visual C++ as well as projects based on Java and J2SE. With Beta 2

of the .NET Framework, he started developing Web applications with ASP.NET. Right now, as

developer evangelist for Microsoft Austria, he is doing workshops, trainings, and proof-of-concept

projects together with independent software vendors in Austria based on .NET, Web Services,

and Office 2003 technologies.

xvii

Acknowledgments

First and foremost, I want to thank Mario for taking the challenge to write the second edition

of this book together with me. Without him, this book could not exist.

I especially want to thank those people whom I’ve met in the previous years and whose insight

constantly influenced the way I think about software. A big “thank you” therefore needs to go

to Beat Schwegler, Clemens Vasters, Don Box, and Steve Swartz.

But the biggest “thank you” needs to go to the thousands of software developers and archi-

tects who contacted me by e-mail, who chatted with me at various conferences, and who wrote

thought-provoking Weblog and newsgroup posts. You are the reason why I wrote this book.

Of course, writing a book would not be possible without the support of many people. Even

though only Mario’s and my name appear on the cover, this book would not have been possible

without my fellows at thinktecture: Christian Weyer, Christian Nagel, and Ralf Westphal; my

friend and the technical reviewer for this book, Kent Sharkey; and the fine editorial staff at

Apress: Laura Brown, Ami Knox, and Ellie Fountain. Thank you for making this book a reality!

—Ingo Rammer

The first large project I started working on was one of the most interesting projects I have ever

been part of. The enthusiasm and creativity of the two masterminds in this team, Harald

Leitenmüller and Benedikt Redl, have inspired me. These two persons have shown me what

software development in large projects really means, and they have shown me how interesting

software architecture is! Without them, I would not have progressed even half as far as I have

today. Therefore, my biggest thanks go to Harald and Benedikt.

Without Beat Schwegler, I would not have had the chance to get involved in writing this

book. Thank you, Beat, for this great opportunity and much more for the things I have learned

in the past two years from you. These two years have been a really great time!

Last but not least, I want to thank you, Ingo, for giving me the chance to write this book with

you. It was really great. I learned many things, and right now I recognize that writing concepts

and thoughts down is something that can be really funny and, even more so, interesting.

—Mario Szpuszta

xxi

Introduction

In the time since the first edition of this book has been published, quite a bit has changed in the

world of software development on Microsoft’s platforms. The .NET Framework has become

a tried-and-true development platform, and service orientation gained a larger-than-expected

momentum. The latter especially presents a very challenging task for the developer using .NET

Remoting: the need to avoid possible incompatibilities with future paradigms. If service orien-

tation will, in the next few years, gain the success it deserves, it might be important for your

application to be developed in a way to easily adopt these new ideas.

In this book, I have therefore followed a slightly different approach from the one I did in

the previous edition. While the first book focused only on covering all the features of the .NET

Remoting framework, Mario and I tried to extend this second edition with the best practices

for using this technology. While it still covers nearly each and every feature of the .NET Remot-

ing framework, the largest part of the new chapters of this book—especially Chapters 5, 8, 9,

and 10—deals with security, best practices, and the general avoidance of problems.

What Is Covered in This Book

This book covers the means of cross-process and cross-machine interaction of applications

developed with the .NET Framework. It will provide you with an in-depth understanding of

the remoting capabilities that are built into the .NET Framework.

.NET Remoting is different from most other means of remote object access because it can

be as easy as writing COM components in Visual Basic 6, yet also gives you the option to extend

remoting to include virtually any protocol on any transportation layer you will come across.

Part 1 of the book gives you a thorough introduction to .NET Remoting basics and how

you can use .NET Remoting “out of the box.” This gives you a whole range of possibilities, from

fast binary transfer protocol to a cross-platform SOAP protocol, with the potential to switch

between both without changing a single line in your code. At the end of this part, you will be

able to design and develop remoteable components and know just what you have to do to achieve

your goals. This part also deals with objects’ lifetimes, security, versioning, marshalling, and

deployment.

Part 2 covers the advanced features of .NET Remoting and its extensibility model. At the

end of the second part, you will have an in-depth understanding of the inner workings of

remoting and will know how to extend the framework to meet your requirements. You should

not be afraid, especially as you go through the sample code in the second part of the book, to

either hit F1 or to insert a breakpoint and examine the Locals window in your custom channel

sink to see the exact contents of the objects that get passed as parameters to your methods.

xxiii

What This Book Doesn’t Cover

This book is in no way a rehash of the supplied documentation, but is meant to be used in

conjunction with it. You will only find a small percentage of the information that is covered

in the online documentation in this book and vice versa, so it is very important for you to use

the .NET Framework SDK documentation as well.

I chose this approach to writing a book for one simple reason: I assume that, as an advanced

developer, you don’t have much time to waste going through a 1,000-page book of which 600

pages are a reproduction of the online documentation. Instead, you want to read the informa-

tion that has not been covered before. If you think so as well, this book is right for you.

Who This Book Is For

This book is for the intermediate-to-advanced programmer who wants a hands-on guide to .NET

Remoting. Although this book is not an introduction to .NET, the CLR, or any .NET language,

you nevertheless will be able to use the knowledge and insight you’ll get from this book with

any of these programming languages. All the samples printed in this book are written in Visual

Basic .NET, but you can download each and every sample in both C# and Visual Basic .NET.

If you are a “use-it” developer, Part 1 (Chapters 1 through 10) of this book will serve you well

by providing a general introduction to the possibilities of remoting and giving you in-depth

information on how to use the capabilities that come with .NET Remoting “out of the box.” This

part also includes guidance on security, best practices, and troubleshooting.

If you are more of an “understand-it-and-extend-it” developer, Part 2 of this book is for you.

Chapters 11 through 15 were written for those who want to understand what’s going on behind

the scenes of .NET Remoting and how the framework can be customized using proxies, messages,

channel sinks, and providers. It also demonstrates how a complete transport channel is imple-

mented from scratch.

At the end of the book, you’ll find a collection of appendixes that provide a reference of

the namespaces, classes, and interfaces that comprise the .NET Remoting framework.

How This Book Is Structured

Advanced .NET Remoting is divided into two parts. Part 1 (Chapters 1 through 10) covers every-

thing you need to know for developing distributed applications within the .NET Framework.

Part 2 (Chapters 11 through 15) gives you a thorough technical insight that will allow you to

really understand what’s happening behind the scenes and how you can tap into customizing

the framework to suit your exact needs. Following is a brief chapter-by-chapter summary of

the topics covered in this book.

Chapter 1: Introduction to Remoting

This chapter gives you a short introduction to the world of distributed application development

and the respective technologies. It presents some scenarios in which .NET Remoting can be

employed and includes historical background on the progress and development of various

remoting frameworks during the last ten years.

■INTRODUCTIONxxiv

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