第五版《逻辑与计算机设计基础》英文原作详解

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《逻辑与计算机设计基础第5版》英文原版（Logic and Computer Design Fundamentals, Fifth Edition）是由M.Morris Mano、Charles R. Kime和Tom Martin三位作者共同编著的一本权威教材。该书专为计算机科学和电子工程领域的学生和专业人士设计，旨在提供全面深入的理解，涵盖了逻辑设计的基础理论和实践技能。本书的核心内容包括布尔代数、逻辑门电路、组合逻辑设计、时序逻辑设计、数字系统的设计方法、编码和译码、触发器与寄存器、计数器、移位寄存器、微处理器体系结构、以及高级话题如硬件描述语言（HDL）如Verilog或VHDL的设计应用等。第五版在保留前几版严谨的理论讲解的同时，更新了现代计算机技术的新进展，如并行计算、高级集成电路（ASIC）设计、以及在可编程逻辑器件（FPGA）中的设计策略。书中采用大量的实例和练习题，帮助读者巩固概念，并通过实际项目引导他们掌握设计流程。此外，书中还强调了抽象思维和问题解决能力的培养，这对于理解和构建复杂的数字系统至关重要。版权信息表明，本书受到严格的版权保护，未经许可不得复制、存储、传输，以尊重作者和出版商的权益。《逻辑与计算机设计基础第5版》不仅适合大学计算机科学专业的学生作为教材使用，也对从事电子工程师、硬件开发者以及嵌入式系统设计的专业人员具有很高的参考价值。它是一部集理论深度和实践指导于一体的经典著作，是提升逻辑设计能力不可或缺的参考资料。

Chapter 7, Memory Basics, introduces static random access memory (SRAM)

and dynamic random access memory (DRAM), and basic memory systems. It also

describes briey various distinct types of DRAMs.

Computer design

Chapter 8, Computer Design Basics, covers register les, function units, datapaths,

and two simple computers: a single-cycle computer and a multiple-cycle computer.

The focus is on datapath and control unit design formulation concepts applied to

implementing specied instructions and instruction sets in single-cycle and multiple-

cycle designs.

Chapter 9, Instruction Set Architecture, introduces many facets of instruc-

tion set architecture. It deals with address count, addressing modes, architectures,

and the types of instructions and presents oating-point number representation

and operations. Program control architecture is presented including procedure

calls and interrupts.

Chapter 10, RISC and CISC Processors, covers high-performance processor

concepts including a pipelined RISC processor and a CISC processor. The CISC

processor, by using microcoded hardware added to a modication of the RISC

processor, permits execution of the CISC instruction set using the RISC pipeline,

an approach used in contemporary CISC processors. Also, sections describe high-

performance CPU concepts and architecture innovations including two examples

of multiple CPU microprocessors.

Chapter 11, Input–Output and Communication, deals with data transfer

between the CPU and memory, input–output interfaces and peripheral devices. Dis-

cussions of a keyboard, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen, and a hard drive as

peripherals are included, and a keyboard interface is illustrated. Other topics range

from serial communication, including the Universal Serial Bus (USB), to interrupt

system implementation.

Chapter 12, Memory Systems, focuses on memory hierarchies. The concept of

locality of reference is introduced and illustrated by consideration of the cache/main

memory and main memory/hard drive relationships. An overview of cache design

parameters is provided. The treatment of memory management focuses on paging

and a translation lookaside buffer supporting virtual memory.

In addition to the text itself, a Companion Website and an Instructor’s Man-

ual are provided. Companion Website (www.pearsonhighered.com/mano) content

includes the following: 1) reading supplements including material deleted from prior

editions, 2) VHDL and Verilog source les for all examples, 3) links to computer-

aided design tools for FPGA design and HDL simulation, 4) solutions for about

one-third of all text chapter problems, 5) errata, 6) PowerPoint

slides for Chapters 1

through 8, 7) projection originals for complex gures and tables from the text, and

8) site news sections for students and instructors pointing out new material, updates,

and corrections. Instructors are encouraged to periodically check the instructor’s site

news so that they are aware of site changes. Instructor’s Manual content includes

suggestions for use of the book and all problem solutions. Online access to this man-

ual is available from Pearson to instructors at academic institutions who adopt the

Preface xv

A01_MANO0637_05_SE_FM.indd 15 23/01/15 1:45 PM

book for classroom use. The suggestions for use provide important detailed informa-

tion for navigating the text to t with various course syllabi.

Because of its broad coverage of both logic and computer design, this book

serves several different objectives in sophomore through junior level courses. Chapters

1 through 9 with selected sections omitted, provide an overview of hardware for com-

puter science, computer engineering, electrical engineering, or engineering students in

general in a single semester course. Chapters 1 through 4 possibly with selected parts

of 5 through 7 give a basic introduction to logic design, which can be completed in a

single quarter for electrical and computer engineering students. Covering Chapters

1 through 7 in a semester provides a stronger, more contemporary logic design treat-

ment. The entire book, covered in two quarters, provides the basics of logic and com-

puter design for computer engineering and science students. Coverage of the entire

book with appropriate supplementary material or a laboratory component can ll a

two-semester sequence in logic design and computer architecture. Due to its moder-

ately paced treatment of a wide range of topics, the book is ideal for self-study by engi-

neers and computer scientists. Finally, all of these various objectives can also benet

from use of reading supplements provided on the Companion Website.

The authors would like to acknowledge the instructors whose input contributed

to the previous edition of the text and whose inuence is still apparent in the current

edition, particularly Professor Bharat Bhuva, Vanderbilt University; Professor Donald

Hung, San Jose State University; and Professors Katherine Compton, Mikko Lipasti,

Kewal Saluja, and Leon Shohet, and Faculty Associate Michael Morrow, ECE, Uni-

versity of Wisconsin, Madison. We appreciate corrections to the previous editions pro-

vided by both instructors and students, most notably, those from Professor Douglas

De Boer of Dordt College. In getting ready to prepare to think about getting started

to commence planning to begin working on the fth edition, I received valuable feed-

back on the fourth edition from Patrick Schaumont and Cameron Patterson at Virginia

Tech, and Mark Smith at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, Swe-

den. I also beneted from many discussions with Kristie Cooper and Jason Thweatt

at Virginia Tech about using the fourth edition in the updated version of our depart-

ment’s Introduction to Computer Engineering course. I would also like to express

my appreciation to the folks at Pearson for their hard work on this new edition. In

particular, I would like to thank Andrew Gilllan for choosing me to be the new third

author and for his help in planning the new edition; Julie Bai for her deft handling of

the transition after Andrew moved to another job, and for her guidance, support, and

invaluable feedback on the manuscript; Pavithra Jayapaul for her help in text produc-

tion and her patience in dealing with my delays (especially in writing this preface!);

and Scott Disanno and Shylaja Gattupalli for their guidance and care in producing the

text. Special thanks go to Morris Mano and Charles Kime for their efforts in writing

the previous editions of this book. It is an honor and a privilege to have been chosen as

their successor. Finally, I would like to thank Karen, Guthrie, and Eli for their patience

and support while I was writing, especially for keeping our mutt Charley away from

this laptop so that he didn’t eat the keys like he did with its short-lived predecessor.

T M

Blacksburg, Virginia

xvi Preface

A01_MANO0637_05_SE_FM.indd 16 23/01/15 1:45 PM

Chapter

Digital Systems

and Information

his book deals with logic circuits and digital computers. Early computers were used

for computations with discrete numeric elements called digits (the Latin word for

ngers)—hence the term digital computer. The use of “digital” spread from the

computer to logic circuits and other systems that use discrete elements of information,

giving us the terms digital circuits and digital systems. The term logic is applied to circuits

that operate on a set of just two elements with values True (1) and False (0). Since

computers are based on logic circuits, they operate on patterns of elements from these

two-valued sets, which are used to represent, among other things, the decimal digits.

Today, the term “digital circuits” is viewed as synonymous with the term “logic circuits.”

The general-purpose digital computer is a digital system that can follow a stored

sequence of instructions, called a program, that operates on data. The user can specify

and change the program or the data according to specic needs. As a result of this

exibility, general-purpose digital computers can perform a variety of information-

processing tasks, ranging over a very wide spectrum of applications. This makes the

digital computer a highly general and very exible digital system. Also, due to its

generality, complexity, and widespread use, the computer provides an ideal vehicle for

learning the concepts, methods, and tools of digital system design. To this end, we use

the exploded pictorial diagram of a computer of the class commonly referred to as a PC

(personal computer) given on the opposite page. We employ this generic computer to

highlight the signicance of the material covered and its relationship to the overall

system. A bit later in this chapter, we will discuss the various major components of the

generic computer and see how they relate to a block diagram commonly used to

represent a computer. We then describe the concept of layers of abstraction in digital

system design, which enables us to manage the complexity of designing and

programming computers constructed using billions of transistors. Otherwise, the

remainder of the chapter focuses on the digital systems in our daily lives and introduces

approaches for representing information in digital circuits and systems.

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