China Communications • August 2018
192
overlapping coverage of RANs, not all of the
radio resources are available to each MT. The
matrix L
w
{| {0,1}}ll
mn mn M N,, u
is applied to
denote the radio resource availability for MTs,
where l
mn,
1 if and only if the radio resourc-
es through RAN-n are available to the MT m,
and l
mn,
0 otherwise. Let the parameter p
m
n
denote the price MT m uses one basic band-
width unit assigned by RAN-n.
&ORXGFRPSXWLQJQHWZRUNV
In the cloud computing networks, the local
cloudlets are connected with each other and
to the Internet. The MBSs or SBSs connect
to the local cloudlets through wired link. A
PRELOHXVHUFDQ¿QGWKHDSSURSULDWH0%6RU
SBS in a short distance, and then access cloud
functionalities. In this paper, the computation-
al resources are mainly considered as cloud
resources in the cloudlets. It is assumed that
there are a set R of local cloudlets be available
to the mobile users, with R ={1,2,...,R}, and
each cloudlet has computational capability C
r
(CPU cycles/s). The cloud computing tasks
from the MTs can be time-sensitive game data
processing, scientific computing, multimedia
¿OHDGDSWLRQHWF7KHGDWDVL]HRIWKHMRERI
the MT m involved in the computation in-
tensive service requirement is denoted as ߟ
m
,
which takes ߸
m
CPU cycles to execute. The
computational resources required by a service
range between
C
m
min
and C
m
max
, which repre-
sent the maximum and minimum fraction of
C
r
assigned by the cloud to MT m. We denote
the prices that MT m uses cloud resources pro-
vided by cloudlet-r as p
rm
.
The cloud resource allocation matrix C
r
{| {0,[ , ]}}cc CC
mr mr m m M R,,
min max
u
represents
the cloud resource allocation, where c
mr,
=0
if the resources of cloudlet-r are not allocated
to MT m, and
cCC
mr m m,
[, ]
min max
if cloudlet-r
allocates the resources between C
m
min
and
C
m
max
to the service requirement. The matrix
L
r
{| {0,1}}ll
mr mr M R,, u
is applied to denote
the cloud resource availability for MTs, where
l
mr,
1 if and only if the cloud resources
N ={1,2,..,N}, and each RAN has the band-
width limitation L
n
. It is assumed that RAN-
1 (cellular network) served by macro base
stations (MBSs) has the largest coverage, and
RAN-n (n=2,3,…,N) served by small base
stations (SBSs) has smaller coverage. We as-
sume that M mobile terminals (MTs), denoted
by set M, M ={1,2,..,M}, are uniformly dis-
tributed in the geographical region, and each
MT with several wireless interfaces is able
to connect to different RANs. The number
of bandwidth units allocated from RAN-n to
a MT m is denoted as b
m,n
, where nN and
mM. The radio resource allocation matrix B
w
{| {0,[ , ]}}bb BB
mn mn m m M N,,
min max
u
in-
dicates how the radio resources are allocated,
where
b
mn,
=0 if the resources of RAN-n are
not allocated to MT m, and
bBB
mn m m,
[, ]
min max
if the bandwidth of RAN-n is allocated with a
value between B
m
min
and B
m
max
to MT m. The
variables B
m
min
and B
m
max
denote the minimum
and maximum number of bandwidth units to
meet the service requirement of MT m, re-
spectively. Different types of services usually
have different bandwidth requirements. For
example, the constant bit rate (CBR) service
of MT m requires a constant bandwidth, i.e.
BB
mm
min max
. On the other hand, MT m with a
variable bit rate service requires a bandwidth
allocation within B
m
min
and B
m
max
. Because the
Fig. 1. The architecture of a mobile cloud computing system.
MT
M
MT
H
etero
g
eneo
u
V
R
AN
s
S
B
S
M
B
S
Local
C
loudlet
R
Local
C
loudlet
1
Local Cloudlet 2
lou
Int
e
rn
et
C
loud
C
omputin
g
N
e
tw
o
rk
s
SBS
S
B
S
S
B
S
"
M
B
S
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