安卓应用开发入门指南

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"编程安卓初级" 本资源是一本针对初学者的Android应用开发指南，第二版。作者团队由Zigurd Mednieks、Laird Dornin、G. Blake Meike和Masumi Nakamura组成，他们在Android开发领域具有丰富的经验。这本书由O'Reilly Media出版，旨在帮助读者清晰易懂地掌握Android应用开发的基础知识。书中涵盖的内容可能包括以下几个关键知识点： 1. **Android系统架构**：了解Android系统的层级结构，包括Linux内核、硬件抽象层（HAL）、系统库和服务、应用程序框架以及应用程序本身。 2. **开发环境搭建**：如何安装并配置Android Studio，设置SDK，创建虚拟设备（AVD）进行模拟器测试，以及使用Git进行版本控制。 3. **基本UI组件**：学习使用XML布局文件设计用户界面，如TextView、EditText、Button、ImageView等，以及如何在Activity之间跳转。 4. **事件处理**：理解如何处理用户输入，如点击事件，以及触摸屏事件的处理机制。 5. **数据存储**：介绍不同类型的持久化数据存储方式，如Shared Preferences、SQLite数据库和内部/外部存储。 6. **Intent和BroadcastReceiver**：理解Intent的概念及其在组件间通信中的作用，以及BroadcastReceiver的使用，实现系统广播的接收。 7. **服务**：学习如何创建后台运行的服务，以便在应用不在前台时执行任务。 8. **多线程与异步操作**：理解Android应用的线程模型，如何避免主线程阻塞，使用AsyncTask或Handler进行异步操作。 9. **网络编程**：学习使用HttpURLConnection、HttpClient或者现代的OkHttp库进行网络请求，处理JSON或XML数据。 10. **权限管理**：理解Android的权限模型，如何在Manifest文件中声明和处理权限请求。 11. **通知与推送**：介绍如何使用Notification API创建系统通知，以及集成Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) 或者Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) 进行远程推送通知。 12. **测试与调试**：学习编写单元测试和UI测试，使用Android Studio的调试工具进行问题排查。 13. **性能优化**：讨论内存管理、性能调优技巧，如减少内存泄漏，优化布局和图像资源，以及使用Systrace进行性能分析。 14. **版本适配**：了解如何处理Android的碎片化问题，适配不同屏幕尺寸和Android版本。通过本书的学习，初学者可以逐步建立起对Android开发的基本认知，具备开发简单Android应用的能力，并为进一步深入学习和实践打下坚实基础。书中的实例和实践指导将帮助读者巩固理论知识，提升实际操作技能。

By the time you reach the end of this book, we want you to have gained knowledge

beyond reference material and a walk-through of examples. We want you to have a

point of view on how to make great Android applications.

Conventions Used in This Book

The following typographical conventions are used in this book:

Italic

Indicates new terms, URLs, email addresses, filenames, and file extensions

Constant width

Used for program listings, as well as within paragraphs to refer to program elements

such as variable or function names, databases, data types, environment variables,

statements, and keywords

Constant width bold

Shows commands or other text that should be typed literally by the user

Constant width italic

Shows text that should be replaced with user-supplied values or by values deter-

mined by context

This icon signifies a tip, suggestion, or general note.

This icon indicates a warning or caution.

Using Code Examples

This book is here to help you get your job done. In general, you may use the code in

this book in your programs and documentation. You do not need to contact us for

permission unless you’re reproducing a significant portion of the code. For example,

writing a program that uses several chunks of code from this book does not require

permission. Selling or distributing a CD-ROM of examples from O’Reilly books does

require permission. Answering a question by citing this book and quoting example

code does not require permission. Incorporating a significant amount of example code

from this book into your product’s documentation does require permission.

We appreciate, but do not require, attribution. An attribution usually includes the

title, author, publisher, and ISBN. For example: “Programming Android, Second

xiv | Preface

Edition by Zigurd Mednieks, Laird Dornin, G. Blake Meike, and Masumi Nakamura.

If you feel your use of code examples falls outside fair use or the permission given here,

feel free to contact us at permissions@oreilly.com.

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Technology professionals, software developers, web designers, and business and cre-

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How to Contact Us

Please address comments and questions concerning this book to the publisher:

O’Reilly Media, Inc.

1005 Gravenstein Highway North

Sebastopol, CA 95472

800-998-9938 (in the United States or Canada)

707-829-0515 (international or local)

707-829-0104 (fax)

We have a web page for this book, where we list errata, examples, and any additional

information. You can access this page at http://oreil.ly/prog_android_2e.

comment or ask technical questions about this book, send email to

bookquestions@oreilly.com.

For more information about our books, courses, conferences, and news, see our website

at http://www.oreilly.com.

Find us on Facebook: http://facebook.com/oreilly

Preface | xv

Watch us on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/oreillymedia

Acknowledgments

The authors have adapted portions of this book from their previously released title,

Android Application Development (O’Reilly).

Drafts of this book were released on the O’Reilly Open Feedback Publishing System

(OFPS) in order to get your feedback on whether and how we are meeting the goals for

this book. We are very grateful for the readers who participated in OFPS, and we owe

them much in correcting our errors and improving our writing. Open review of drafts

will be part of future editions, and we welcome your views on every aspect of this book.

Zigurd Mednieks

I am eternally grateful to Terry, my wife, and Maija and Charles, my children, who gave

me the time to do this. This book exists because our agent, Carole Jelen, at Waterside

Productions, whipped our proposal material into shape, and because Mike Hendrick-

son kicked off the project within O’Reilly. Brian Jepson and Andy Oram, our editors,

kept this large troupe of authors unified in purpose and result. Thanks to Johan van

der Hoeven, who provided review comments that contributed much to accuracy and

clarity. Thanks to all the reviewers who used the Open Feedback Publishing System to

help make this a better book.

Laird Dornin

Thanks to my wonderful Norah for encouraging me to take part in this project, even

though you had no idea of the amount of effort involved in writing a book. Cheers to

trips to Acadia, trips to New Hampshire, and late nights writing. I’m glad this book

did not stall our truly important project, the arrival of our beautiful daughter Claire.

Thanks to Andy our editor, and my coauthors for giving me this opportunity. Thanks

to Larry for reviewing and enabling me to work on this project. I’m glad that ideas I

developed at SavaJe could find a voice in this book. Finally, thanks to our main re-

viewers Vijay and Johan, you both found solid ways to improve the content.

G. Blake Meike

My thanks to our agent, Carole Jelen, Waterside Productions, without whom this book

would never have been more than a good idea. Thanks, also, to editors Brian Jepson

and Andy Oram, masters of the “gentle way.” Everyone who reads this book benefits

from the efforts of Johan van der Hoeven and Vijay Yellapragada, technical reviewers;

Sumita Mukherji, Adam Zaremba, and the rest of the O’Reilly production team; and

all those who used O’Reilly’s OFPS to wade through early and nearly incomprehensible

drafts, to produce salient comments and catch egregious errors. Thanks guys! Speaking

of “thanks guys,” it was quite an honor and certainly a pleasure to collaborate with my

coauthors, Zigurd, Laird, and Masumi. Of course, last, best, and as ever, thanks and

xvi | Preface

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