精通ASP.NET MVC 4：实战教程与架构详解

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"《Pro ASP.NET MVC 4 英文原版》是一本详细介绍ASP.NET MVC 4框架的专业书籍，出版于2013年1月17日。本书旨在帮助Web开发者深入理解并掌握ASP.NET MVC 4，这是微软ASP.NET web平台的最新发展版本。它强调高生产力编程模型，鼓励代码架构清晰、测试驱动开发以及强大的可扩展性，同时也继承了ASP.NET的所有优点。在本书中，作者Steve Sanderson和Adam Freeman以其丰富的经验和专业知识，不仅解释和讨论了核心的模型-视图-控制器（MVC）架构，还通过实战教程引导读者创建一个完整的电子商务Web应用。该应用结合了最新的C#语言特性及单元测试最佳实践，使读者能够亲自体验MVC的优势与局限，并将理论知识付诸实践。章节内容覆盖广泛，包括对MVC模式的深入理解、ASP.NET MVC框架全面探索、新版本4的主要改进（如移动和桌面模板、jQuery Mobile支持、新的显示模式以及Visual Studio的Code Generation Recipes），以及如何在实际项目中运用这些功能。此外，书中还涉及了诸如路由、控制器和动作、过滤器、视图、模型绑定和验证、Web API、部署等核心概念和技术。此书适合已有基础的ASP.NET和C#开发者，无论他们是初学者还是希望升级到ASP.NET MVC 4的专业人士。通过阅读本书，读者可以迅速掌握ASP.NET MVC 4的核心技术，提升开发效率和应用程序质量，是提升个人技术栈和职业发展的重要参考资料。"

CHAPTER 1  WHAT’S THE BIG IDEA?

Comparisons with Ruby on Rails

Rails has become a benchmark against which other Web platforms are compared. Developers and

companies who are in the Microsoft .NET world will find ASP.NET MVC far easier to adopt and learn,

whereas developers and companies that work in Python or Ruby on Linux or Mac OS X will find an easier

path to Rails. It’s unlikely that you would migrate from Rails to ASP.NET MVC or vice versa. There are some

real differences in scope between the two technologies.

Rails is a holistic development platform, meaning that it handles the complete stack, right from

database source control, through ORM, to handling requests with controllers and actions—all topped off

with built-in automated testing tools.

The ASP.NET MVC Framework focuses on handling Web requests in an MVC-pattern with controllers

and actions. It does not have a built-in ORM tool, a built-in automated testing tool, or a system for

managing database migrations. This is because the .NET platform already has an enormous range of

choices for these functions, and you can use any of them. For example, if you’re looking for an ORM tool,

you might use NHibernate, Subsonic, Microsoft’s Entity Framework, or one of the many other mature

solutions available. Such is the luxury of the .NET platform, although this does mean that these

components are not as tightly integrated into ASP.NET MVC as the equivalents are into Rails.

Comparisons with MonoRail

MonoRail is an earlier .NET-based MVC Web application platform, created as part of the open source

Castle project and in development since 2003. In many ways, MonoRail acted as the prototype for

ASP.NET MVC. MonoRail demonstrated how a Rails-like MVC architecture could be built on top of

ASP.NET and established patterns, practices, and terminology that are used throughout Microsoft’s

implementation.

We don’t see MonoRail as a serious competitor. It is probably the most popular .NET Web application

platform created outside Redmond, and it did achieve reasonably widespread adoption in its day.

However, since the launch of ASP.NET MVC, the MonoRail project is rarely heard of. The momentum of

enthusiasm and innovation in the .NET Web development world is now focused on ASP.NET MVC.

What’s New in ASP.NET MVC 4?

Version 4 of the MVC Framework provides a number of improvements over version 3. There are some

significant new features such as support for Web API applications (which we describe in Chapter 25),

support for mobile devices (Chapter 24) and some useful optimization techniques for sending content to

clients (Chapter 24).

In addition, there are lots of small improvements, such as a simplified syntax for Razor views, a better

organized system for providing core configuration information in MVC applications and some new

template options for Visual Studio MVC projects.

Summary

In this chapter, we have described how Web development has evolved at tremendous speed from the

primordial swamp of the CGI executable to the latest high-performance, standards-compliant, agile

platforms. We reviewed the strengths, weaknesses, and limitations of ASP.NET Web Forms, Microsoft’s

main Web platform since 2002, and the changes in the wider Web development industry that forced

Microsoft to respond with something new.

You saw how the ASP.NET MVC platform addresses the weaknesses of ASP.NET Web Forms, and how

its modern design delivers advantages to developers who want to write high-quality, maintainable code.

In the next chapter, you’ll see the MVC Framework in action, learning the simple mechanisms that

yield all these benefits. By Chapter 7, you’ll be ready for a realistic e-commerce application built with a

clean architecture, proper separation of concerns, automated tests, and beautifully minimal markup.

CHAPTER 2





Your First MVC Application

The best way to appreciate a software development framework is to jump right in and use it. In this

chapter, you’ll create a simple data-entry application using the ASP.NET MVC Framework. We will take

things a step at a time so you can see how an ASP.NET MVC application is constructed. To keep things

simple, we will skip over some of the technical details for the moment; but don’t worry—if you are new to

MVC, you will find plenty to keep you interested. Where we use something without explaining it, we

provide a reference to the chapter in which you can find all the details.

Preparing the Workstation

The only preparation you need to make to develop MVC 4 application is to install Visual Studio 2012,

which contains everything you need to get started, including a built-in application server for running and

debugging your MVC applications, an administration-free edition of SQL Server for developing database-

driven applications, tools for unit testing and—of course—a code editor compiler and debugger.

There are several different editions of Visual Studio 2012, but we will be using the one that Microsoft

makes available free-of-charge, called Visual Studio Express 2012 for Web. Microsoft adds some nice

features to the paid-for editions of Visual Studio, but you will not need them for this book and all of figures

that you see throughout this book have been taken using the Express edition, which you can download

from http://www.microsoft.com/visualstudio/eng/products/visual-studio-express-products. There are

several different versions of Visual Studio 2012 Express, each of which is used for a different kind of

development—make sure that you get the Web version, which supports MVC applications.

Once you have installed Visual Studio, you are ready to go. Microsoft has really improved the scope of

the features in the Visual Studio Express and there is nothing else you need to follow along with this book.

 Tip We have used Windows 8 throughout this book, but you can use Visual Studio 2012 and develop MVC 4

applications quite happily on earlier versions of Windows. See the system requirements for Visual Studio 2012 for

details of which versions and patch levels are supported).

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