Python指南：实战Selenium自动化Web测试工具

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"《利用Python学习Selenium测试工具》是一本实践性指南，专为自动化Web测试提供深入的教程。该书由Unmesh Gundecha撰写，旨在帮助读者掌握如何使用Selenium，一种广泛应用于软件测试领域的工具，尤其是在Python编程环境下。本书适合对Web开发和测试感兴趣的开发者，无论他们是初学者还是希望提升现有技能的专业人士。 Selenium是一个开源工具，它支持多种浏览器（如Chrome、Firefox、Safari等）进行自动化测试，适用于Web应用的功能验证、回归测试以及持续集成/持续部署（CI/CD）流程。通过Python接口，Selenium允许用户编写可扩展且易于维护的测试脚本，从而提高测试效率和代码的可读性。在本书中，作者会详细介绍Selenium的工作原理，包括如何安装和配置，以及如何编写基础和高级测试用例。此外，读者可以了解到如何使用Python的unittest或pytest框架与Selenium协同工作，实现测试套件的组织和执行。章节内容可能涵盖如页面元素定位、交互操作、数据驱动测试、浏览器兼容性处理以及Selenium的进阶功能，如WebDriver和Selenium Grid。版权方面，所有内容受2014年Packt Publishing出版的《Learning Selenium Testing Tools with Python》保护，未经许可，不得复制、存储或任何形式传播，除非用于引用在批评文章或评论中。尽管作者和出版社已尽力确保信息的准确性，但书中提供的所有信息均按现状销售，不提供任何明示或默示的保修，也不承担因使用本书导致的直接或间接损失的责任。 Packt Publishing在书中提及的所有公司和产品商标使用上已尽最大努力确保合规，但无法保证所有提及都符合相关商标法规。《Learning Selenium Testing Tools with Python》是一本实用且全面的资源，对于希望通过Python进行Selenium测试的读者来说，是提升测试能力和自动化测试技术的关键参考资料。"

Preface

[ 3 ]

Chapter 6, Cross-browser Testing, dives into using RemoteWebDriver to run

cross-browser tests on remote machines or through the Selenium Grid. You

will learn how to use RemoteWebDriver to run tests on remote machines.

We will also set up a Selenium Grid to run tests on various combinations of

browsers and operating systems. You will also see how to execute tests on headless

browsers such as PhantomJS. At the end of the chapter, we will see how to use

cloud testing tools such as Sauce Labs and BrowserStack to run tests in cloud using

RemoteWebDriver.

Chapter 7, Testing on Mobile, shows you how to test applications on mobile devices

using Selenium WebDriver and Appium. We will set up Appium to test our sample

application on iOS and on an Android emulator and device. You will also learn how

to run native mobile applications using Appium.

Chapter 8, Page Objects and Data-driven Testing, introduces you to two important

design patterns to implement a maintainable and efcient testing framework. You

will learn how to use page objects to hide the technical details of locators, and divide

operations on pages into separate classes and create test cases that are more readable

and easy to maintain. You will then learn how to create data-driven tests using the

unittest library.

Chapter 9, Advanced Techniques of Selenium WebDriver, dives into some of the

advanced techniques of using Selenium for automating browsers for testing. You

will learn how to use various action methods for simulating complex mouse and

keyboard operations using Selenium. You will see how to handle session cookies,

capture screenshots during a test run, and create a movie of the entire test run.

Chapter 10, Integration with Other Tools and Frameworks, shows you how to use

Selenium WebDriver with automated acceptance testing frameworks such as Behave

and Continuous Integration tools. You will rst learn how to integrate Selenium with

Behave to create automated acceptance tests. We will implement a sample feature

and acceptance tests on UI using the Selenium WebDriver. At end of the chapter, we

will set up running the tests that we created as part of Continuous Integration using

Jenkins. We will set up a schedule to run the tests on a daily frequency.

By the end of this book, you will have learned all the essential features of Selenium

WebDriver to create your own web testing framework in Python.

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Preface

[ 4 ]

What you need for this book

To get started with this book, you will need basic programming skills in Python as well

as knowledge of web technologies such as HTML, JavaScript, CSS, and XML. If you are

able to write a simple Python script, use loops and conditions, dene classes, then you

should be able to keep up with every example in this book. We will take the time to

explain every line of code written in this book so that you are able to create the desired

outcome in any situation you nd yourself in. There are some software prerequisites

that are needed, which are explained in the rst chapter. You will need to have access

to the command-line interface terminal, Python interpreter, and web browsers such

as Firefox and Google Chrome on your machine. You can download and install

Firefox from https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/ and Google Chrome

from https://www.google.com/chrome/. If you're a Windows user, you might be

interested in testing Internet Explorer, which is installed by default with Windows.

Who this book is for

If you are a quality assurance/testing professional, software developer, or web

application developer using Python and want to learn Selenium WebDriver to

automate browsers for testing your web applications, this is the perfect guide for you

to get started! As a prerequisite, this book expects you to have a basic understanding

of the Python programming language, although any previous knowledge of

Selenium WebDriver is not needed. By the end of this book, you will have acquired

a comprehensive knowledge of Selenium WebDriver, which will help you in writing

your automation tests.

Conventions

In this book, you will nd a number of styles of text that distinguish between

different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles, and an

explanation of their meaning.

Code words in text, database table names, folder names, lenames, le extensions,

pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows:

"The

pip tool will download the latest version of the Selenium package and install

it on your machine."

A block of code is set as follows:

# create a new Firefox session

driver = webdriver.Firefox()

driver.implicitly_wait(30)

driver.maximize_window()

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Preface

[ 6 ]

Downloading the example code

You can download the example code les from your account at http://www.

packtpub.com

for all the Packt Publishing books you have purchased. If you

purchased this book elsewhere, you can visit http://www.packtpub.com/support

and register to have the les e-mailed directly to you.

Errata

Although we have taken every care to ensure the accuracy of our content, mistakes

do happen. If you nd a mistake in one of our books—maybe a mistake in the text or

the code—we would be grateful if you could report this to us. By doing so, you can

save other readers from frustration and help us improve subsequent versions of this

book. If you nd any errata, please report them by visiting http://www.packtpub.

com/submit-errata

, selecting your book, clicking on the Errata Submission Form

link, and entering the details of your errata. Once your errata are veried, your

submission will be accepted and the errata will be uploaded to our website or added

to any list of existing errata under the Errata section of that title.

To view the previously submitted errata, go to

https://www.packtpub.com/books/

content/support

and enter the name of the book in the search eld. The required

information will appear under the Errata section.

Piracy

Piracy of copyrighted material on the Internet is an ongoing problem across all

media. At Packt, we take the protection of our copyright and licenses very seriously.

If you come across any illegal copies of our works in any form on the Internet, please

provide us with the location address or website name immediately so that we can

pursue a remedy.

Please contact us at

pirated material.

We appreciate your help in protecting our authors and our ability to bring

you valuable content.

Questions

If you have a problem with any aspect of this book, you can contact us at

questions@packtpub.com, and we will do our best to address the problem.

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