构建Windows 8应用：XAML与C#实战

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"Metro Revealed Building Windows 8 apps with XAML and C#, Adam Freeman" 本书《Metro Revealed: Building Windows 8 apps with XAML and C#》由Adam Freeman撰写，主要探讨了如何使用XAML（Extensible Application Markup Language）和C#语言开发Windows 8平台的 Metro 风格应用。Metro风格的应用是Windows 8操作系统的核心，它提供了一种跨桌面、平板电脑和智能手机的一致性编程和交互模型。这种应用用户体验与以往的Windows应用程序截然不同，以全屏模式运行，注重简洁、直接且无干扰的使用体验。作者在书中详细介绍了开发Metro应用的关键技术： 1. **第一章：开始** - 这一章可能涵盖了安装开发环境、创建第一个项目以及理解Windows 8开发的基本概念。包括Visual Studio IDE的使用，以及如何设置和配置新项目，以便开始构建 Metro 应用。 2. **第二章：数据、绑定和页面** - 数据绑定是UI和后台数据之间通信的关键，本章可能会讲解如何使用XAML进行数据绑定，以及如何在不同页面间导航。这包括数据源的配置，数据模板的使用，以及如何有效地管理用户界面的页面结构。 3. **第三章：AppBars、Flyouts和导航** - AppBar和Flyout是 Metro UI 的重要组成部分，提供快捷菜单和扩展选项。这一章会讲述如何设计和实现这些功能，同时也会涵盖应用内的导航机制，如如何在不同的页面间跳转，以及保持导航历史的正确性。 4. **第四章：布局和磁贴** - 布局管理在 Metro 应用中至关重要，因为它们决定了应用的视觉呈现。本章将讨论各种布局容器（如Grid、StackPanel等）的使用，以及如何创建动态磁贴，以展示实时更新的信息，这是Windows 8商店应用的一大特色。 5. **第五章：应用生命周期和契约** - Metro应用有独特的生命周期管理，与传统的桌面应用有所不同。这一章会详细解释应用启动、暂停、恢复和关闭的处理，以及如何利用共享体验契约（如分享、搜索和继续）来提升用户体验。除此之外，书中还可能涵盖了错误处理、调试技巧、性能优化以及提交应用到Windows Store的相关指导。通过阅读这本书，开发者可以全面了解如何利用XAML和C#来构建高效、用户友好的Windows 8 Metro应用。书后附带的索引将进一步帮助读者快速查找特定的技术或主题。《Metro Revealed: Building Windows 8 apps with XAML and C#》是一本面向Windows 8应用开发者的实用指南，无论你是新手还是有经验的开发者，都能从中学习到开发现代Windows应用所需的关键技能。

CHAPTER 1 ■ GETTING STARTED

XAML may strike you as verbose and hard to read at ﬁrst, but you will soon get used to it. I ﬁnd that it is a

lot easier to work with XAML than using just C# code, although I admit it took me quite some time with XAML

before I decided that was the case.

Running and Debugging a Metro App

Now that we have a very simple Metro app, it is time to focus on how to run and debug a Metro app. Visual Studio

provides three ways to run a Metro app: on the local machine, on the simulator, or on a remote machine.

e problem with the local machine is that development PCs are rarely conﬁgured the way that user devices

are. Unless you are targeting your app at people with similar spec platforms, then testing on the local machine

doesn’t give you a representative view of how your application can behave.

Testing on a remote machine is the best approach, but only if you have a range of machines with dierent

capabilities to test with, which is difﬁcult at this point, given that so few Windows 8 machines are available

(although I have a small Dell laptop that runs the Consumer Preview of Windows 8 quite happily and lets me

debug touchscreen issues).

Tip ■ You need to download and install the Remote Tools for Visual Studio 11 Beta from http://preview.win-

dows.com on each remote machine you want to test an app on.

e best compromise is the Visual Studio simulator, which provides faithful representation of the Metro

experience and lets you change the capabilities of the device you are simulating, including changing the screen

size, simulating touch events, and generating synthetic geolocation data. To select the simulator, locate the

button on the Visual Studio toolbar that currently says Local Machine, and click the small downward arrow just to

the right of it. Select Simulator from the pop-up menu, as shown in Figure 1-5.

Figure 1-5. Selecting the Visual Studio simulator to test Metro apps

Running a Metro App in the Simulator

To start the example app, click the toolbar button (which will now say Simulator), or select Start with Debug

from the Debug menu. Visual Studio will start the simulator and build and deploy the Metro app, as show in

Figure 1-6.

Chapter 2

Data, Binding, and Pages

In this chapter, I show you how to deﬁne and use the data that forms the core of a Metro application. To do this,

I will be loosely following the view model pattern, which allows me to cleanly separate the data from the parts of

the app that are responsible for displaying that data and handling user interactions.

You may already be familiar with view models from design patterns such as Model-View-Controller (MVC)

and Model-View-View Controller (MVVC). I am not going to get into the details of these patterns in this book.

ere is a lot of good information about MVC and MVVC available, starting with Wikipedia, which has some

balanced and insightful descriptions.

I ﬁnd the beneﬁts of using a view model to be enormous and well worth considering for all but the simplest

Metro projects, and I recommend you seriously consider following the same path. I am not a pattern zealot, and I

ﬁrmly believe in taking the parts of patterns and techniques that solve real problems and adapting them to work

in speciﬁc projects. To that end, you will ﬁnd that I take a pretty liberal view of how a view model should be used.

is chapter is focused on the behind-the-scenes plumbing in a Metro app, creating a foundation that I can

build to demonstrate dierent Metro features. I start slowly, deﬁning a simple view model, and demonstrate

dierent techniques for bringing the data from the view model into the application display using data binding.

I then show you how you can break down your application into multiple pages and bring those pages into

the main layout, changing which pages are used to reﬂect the state of your Metro app. Table 2-1 provides the

summary for this chapter.

Table 2-1. Chapter Summary

Problem Solution Listing

Create an observable class. Implement the InotifyPropertyChanged interface. 1

Create an observable collection. Use the ObservableCollection class. 2

Change the Page loaded when

a Metro app starts.

Change the type speciﬁed in the OnLaunched

method in App.xaml.cs.

Set the source for data binding values. Use the DataContext property. 4

Create reusable styles and templates. Create a resource dictionary. 5, 6

Bind UI controls to the view model. Use the Binding keyword. 7

Add another Page to the app layout. Add a Frame to the main layout and use the

Navigate method to specify the Page to display.

8, 10

Dynamically insert pages into the app layout. Use the Frame.Navigate method, optionally

passing a context object to the embedded Page.

CHAPTER 2 ■ DATA, BINDING, AND PAGES

Caution ■ You will need to uninstall the example Metro app from the previous chapter if you are following the

examples using the source code download from Apress.com. Right-click the MetroGrocer Start menu tile in the

simulator and select Uninstall. If you run an app that has already been installed from a different project path, Visual

Studio will report an error. You must uninstall as you move from one chapter to another.

Adding a View Model

At the heart of a good Metro app is a view model, the use of which lets me keep my application data separate

from the way it is presented to the user. View models are an essential foundation for creating apps that are easy to

enhance and maintain over time. It can be tempting to treat the data contained in a particular UI control as being

authoritative, but you will soon reach a point where ﬁguring out where your data is and how it should be updated

is unmanageable.

To begin, I have created a new folder in the Visual Studio project called Data and have created two new class

ﬁles. e ﬁrst deﬁnes the GroceryItem class, which represents a single item on the grocery list. You can see the

contents of GroceryItem.cs in Listing 2-1.

Listing 2-1. e GroceryItem Class

using System.ComponentModel;

namespace MetroGrocer.Data {

public class GroceryItem : INotifyPropertyChanged {

private string name, store;

private int quantity;

public string Name {

get { return name; }

set { name = value; NotifyPropertyChanged("Name"); }

}

public int Quantity {

get { return quantity; }

set { quantity = value; NotifyPropertyChanged("Quantity"); }

}

public string Store {

get { return store; }

set { store = value; NotifyPropertyChanged("Store"); }

}

public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

private void NotifyPropertyChanged(string propName) {

if (PropertyChanged != null) {

PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propName));

}

is class deﬁnes properties for the name and quantity of the item to be purchased and which store it should

be bought from. e only noteworthy aspect of this class is that it is observable. One of the nice features about

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