ArcGIS Android SDK 100.2.1：从入门到高级功能详解

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ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android 是一个强大的工具包，它允许开发者在Android平台上构建高效、交互式的地图和地理信息系统（GIS）应用。这份100.2.1版本的指南提供了详尽的教程和参考，涵盖了从安装SDK到高级功能的方方面面。 1. **入门与安装**: - 第5页开始介绍如何安装ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android，包括系统需求、依赖项以及步骤指导，确保开发者能够顺利地将其集成到Android项目中。 2. **向100.x版本迁移**: - 对于已熟悉10.2.x版本的用户，第8页的章节提供了一个关键的迁移指南，帮助他们了解新版本的差异，并指导如何适应新特性。 3. **开发实践**: - 从第10页开始，分为Java和Kotlin两种语言环境： - **Java**: 学习者可以找到如何用Java编写第一个地图应用的详细步骤。 - **Kotlin**: 同样的，这部分也介绍了使用Kotlin语言构建地图应用的基础。 4. **基础概念**: - **地图与2D视图**: 章节19介绍地图的基本操作，如显示地图、地图投影和地理空间参考。 - **离线支持**: 离线地图和层管理是21页的关键内容，开发者可以了解如何创建和使用离线地图数据。 5. **图层与表格**: - 在第24页，开发者可以学习如何处理地图上的图层和数据表，包括添加、管理和更新数据。 6. **要素与图形**: - 第33页探讨要素和图形在应用中的表现，包括符号和渲染器的使用，以增强地图可视化效果。 7. **任务与作业**: - 任务和作业管理是地理处理的核心部分，第41页介绍如何执行分析任务，如地理编码和空间分析。 8. **几何和空间参考**: - 46页深入讨论几何对象和空间参考体系，这对于处理位置数据至关重要。 9. **异步资源加载模式**: - 56页讲解了如何利用loadable pattern进行异步加载，优化性能并减少内存消耗。 10. **地图和场景视图**: - 地图视图：从59页开始，包括显示地图、自定义地图样式、以及显示网格和添加标签。 - 场景视图（3D）：第98页介绍如何在3D环境中展示地图，包括导航和图形交互。 11. **信息展示**: - 图形叠加：115页讲解如何添加图形和文本到地图上，增强信息呈现。 - 具体示例：如军事符号显示、电子海图、网格显示和地图特征标签等。 12. **设备定位与搜索**: - 设备位置显示：131页演示如何获取并显示用户的实时位置。 - 功能识别与搜索： - 地理编码（138页）：通过地址查找地理位置。 - 相关特征搜索（145页）：实现基于地理位置的周边搜索功能。这份ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android 100.2.1指南提供了全面的开发资源，无论你是初次接触还是经验丰富的开发者，都能从中找到所需的知识和技术指导，构建出高质量的地理信息应用。

1. In the Android project view window, under app, click res > layout, then double-click activity_main.xml.

This opens the Preview view of the central content for the main activity layout. Note that depending on the exact Android Studio

version you are using and the initial activity template you chose, the project may contain multiple layout XML files—for example if

you chose the Basic Activity template, you may need to instead open the content_main.xml layout.

2. At the lower left of the window, click Text to show the XML view of the layout if it's not already shown.

By default, there are two tags in the layout XML file.

• The first is an Android ConstraintLayout. This is a view that can show other views inside itself. It arranges its children

views relative to each other. For more information, see the Constraint Layout and User Interface documentation from

Google.

• The second is a TextView, a child of the constraint layout, displaying the text "Hello world!".

3. Select the entire TextView XML element and replace it with a MapView element as follows:

<com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.MapView

android:id="@+id/mapView"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" >

</com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.view.MapView>

For a more comprehensive understanding of the declarative approach to user interface (UI) design, see Declaring Layout. Additionally,

there are different types of layout constraint attributes that are commonly used with the ConstraintLayout; refer to the Constraint

Layout documentation for more information.

Set a map on the MapView

By default, a MapView does not display anything, so the next step is to define a map to be displayed. You will specify that the map shows

a worldwide topographic basemap from ArcGIS Online. As it's often more useful for an app to initially display a specific region rather than

its entire extent, you'll also set the map to zoom in to a specific center point—showing the Esri campus in Redlands, California.

1. In the Android project view window, under app, click java > [package name], and double-click MainActivity.

This opens the Kotlin code defining the default activity of your app. (Kotlin code is still contained in a subfolder of a java folder).

2. Add the following code to the onCreate method, after the existing call to setContentView:

// create a map with the BasemapType topographic

val map = ArcGISMap(Basemap.Type.TOPOGRAPHIC, 34.056295, -117.195800, 16)

This code creates an ArcGISMap with a specific predefined Basemap.Type displaying a general-use topographic map,

centered at a specific set of coordinates, and zoomed to a specific level of detail.

3. Android Studio will highlight in red the ArcGISMap and Basemap classes, which must be imported into the activity class. Place

the pointer on the ArcGISMap text highlighted in red and press Alt+Enter to resolve the symbol. Choose import. Repeat this

step to import Basemap.

You should now have the following import statements at the top of your class.

import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.ArcGISMap

import com.esri.arcgisruntime.mapping.Basemap

4. Add the following code to the onCreate method, after the previous line you added:

// set the map to be displayed in the layout's MapView

mapView.map = map

This code sets the ArcGISMap you created into the MapView you defined in the layout.

5. Android Studio will highlight mapView. Place the pointer on mapView and press Alt+Enter to resolve the symbol. This time you

should see more than one option to import. Choose kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.mapView.

The kotlin android extensions plugin (part of your project by default when you add Kotlin support) generates synthetic properties,

so you can access views in the layout XML as if they were properties of the class. Android Studio will import all of the named

views in the layout by adding a general import.

import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

6. Add the following methods to the MainActivity class, to override the onPause and onResume methods inherited from the

parent activity class, and pause and resume the MapView when those methods are called:

ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android

Maps (2D)

A map can tell a story, present an idea, or showcase a situation. It can help you do hundreds of things, from finding the nearest hospital to

viewing earthquake events in relation to high-population areas.

Unlike most maps, ArcGIS maps have many additional capabilities. They can contain data organized by layers and can contain analysis

capabilities that let you reveal patterns and solve many types of problems. For example, an ArcGIS map can show your fleet of trucks as

they move around an area and it can optimize their routes to maximize the fleet's efficiency.

A map is typically composed of a basemap that provides geographic context and operational layers that contain the salient content of the

map. You can use your own data, Esri's data, or both in your app's map. In ArcGIS Runtime apps, a map can be used in conjunction with

a map view to visualize this geographic data on a screen. In this context a map represents the model tier in an MVC architecture, and a

map view represents the view tier:

• A map specifies where the geographic content (data) comes from and how it's organized (what layers it has, what bookmarks,

initial viewpoint, and so on). Content in the layers may come from a variety of map sources, including from online sources or from

local data stores, such as a feature table in a mobile geodatabase or data from a mobile map package. For more information on

the data and layer types you can include in a map, see Layers and tables.

• A map view renders the map's content and controls how users navigate and interact with the map. Operations such as rotation,

panning, and zooming allow the user to change their viewpoint of the map. A map view can have graphic overlays for displaying

graphics over the map, such as the results from a query or analysis. A map view translates display coordinates to map coordinates

so your app can associate user interactions with map coordinates.

ArcGIS Runtime provides map and map view objects that you can use to build new maps, display maps, save maps and share maps. Also

see the API reference.

Note: • When you view or analyze spatial data from different layers or map sources in your

map, you may need to consider their spatial reference. For details, see Spatial

references.

• Objects that can be symbolized on your map can come from persisted data (feature

data, such as roads and parcels in a geodatabase) and transient data (graphics, such

as data coming through a web socket). For details, see Features and graphics, and

Symbols and renderers.

ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android

Online maps

ArcGIS includes a Living Atlas of the World with beautiful and authoritative maps on thousands of topics. Explore maps and data from Esri

and thousands of other organizations and combine them with your own data to create new maps and applications.

A map you create in an ArcGIS Online's map viewer is an interactive map that displays geographic information to tell stories and answer

questions. These online maps are available to a wide audience and include multi-scale basemaps, layers targeted to a specific audience,

and information pop-ups that allow users to drill into specific features they are interested in. They also support visualization, editing,

analysis, and time. Online maps can be viewed on a wide variety of clients, including mobile apps, desktop apps, and web browsers. To

create an online map follow the How-to steps in ArcGIS Online Help's get started with maps topic.

You can create maps, share maps, and load maps into your app from ArcGIS Online or from any organization's portal.

Offline maps

To continue working with a map in a partially or fully disconnected environment users can take their map offline. There are two patterns

that aim to cover your workflows; the Services pattern, where the API itself takes the map offline and theDesktop pattern where you use

external tools such as ArcGIS Pro to create mobile map packages that you can take offline. For more details, see the Offline topic.

Services patterns

The services patterns allows you to build apps that can take a map offline as long as the map and its layers have been authored for

offline use. If you wish to edit feature data and synchronise any changes when network connectivity is restored you also need to enable

the sync capability on the feature layers. This API offers you two main services patterns

• To generate an offline map ahead of time that your field workers can simply download then follow the preplanned offline

workflow.

• If your field worker wants to define the map’s area of interest then use the on-demand offline workflow to allow them to generate

the offline map and then download it to their device.

Instead of taking a whole map offline you can also take individual layers and data offline and construct the map within the app itself. This

is useful if you want the flexibility to control the combination of layers in the map and way the data is presented to the user. For more

details, see create offline layers.

Desktop pattern

This pattern allows you to download a map into a mobile map package file and side load it onto your user's device. The advantage of

this approach is that you can create one mobile map package file and distribute it to many devices. This is a 'view-only' option as any

edits your users make cannot be synchronized back to the original data source.

With ArcGIS Pro you can create mobile map packages which combine your organization’s maps, assets, road networks, or locators into

a single file. For details, see Mobile map package in the ArcGIS Pro help. You can also create packages for individual layers using

ArcGIS Desktop. For details, see the desktop pattern section in Create an offline layer.

Note: If you'd like a ready-to-use and regularly updated street map in your offline maps (that

includes a locator and network dataset) see Add StreetMap Premium data.

ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Android

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