使用Flask构建Web应用实战

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"Building Web Applications with Flask.pdf 是一本关于使用 Flask 框架构建Web应用的最新原版书籍。本书适合已有Python基础并希望学习如何使用Flask开发和扩展应用程序的开发者。书中涵盖如何创建单页应用、处理表单安全、数据库集成、RESTful服务、测试驱动开发以及权限控制等内容，旨在帮助读者掌握Flask框架的核心概念和实践技巧。" 在本书中，你将学习： 1. 使用Flask创建单一页面应用，利用其灵活性快速构建项目。 2. 掌握Jinja2模板引擎，使用宏、过滤器、标签和控制结构来生成丰富的用户响应。 3. 安全地处理表单数据，通过WTForms库实现基于类的表单和验证。 4. 无缝集成NoSQL或SQL数据库，如SQLite、MySQL、PostgreSQL等，存储用户数据。 5. 从数据模型生成简单的RESTful API，以实现前后端分离的交互。 6. 学习在Flask项目中采用TDD（测试驱动开发）和BDD（行为驱动开发）的方法，确保代码质量。 7. 使用Flask组件创建可维护的非扁平化项目结构，提升代码组织性。 8. 利用Flask扩展，构建强大的授权和权限策略，如Flask-Security，实现用户认证和授权。 9. 创建易于使用的管理界面，方便对应用进行后台管理。这本书的特点在于不强加特定的架构模式，而是鼓励读者根据自己的需求自由探索。通过书中提供的实践示例和指导，你可以按照自己的喜好和项目需求来构建复杂的Web应用。无论是新手还是有经验的开发者，都能从中获得有价值的知识和技巧，提升在Flask平台上的开发能力。《Building Web Applications with Flask》是一本深入浅出的Flask教程，它不仅涵盖了框架的基本功能，还涉及到了实际开发中的高级话题，旨在帮助读者成为精通Flask的Web开发者。

[ v ]

Preface

One can hardly develop new applications in our "now world" without duct-taping

a lot of technologies together, be it new trend databases, messaging systems, or

languages of all kinds. When talking about web development, things might get

slightly more complicated as not only do you have to mix a lot of technologies

together, but they must also work well with the applications accessing them (also

known as web browsers). They should also be compatible with your deployment

server, which is another story in itself!

In the Python world, where people deliver amazing desktop software following

great guidelines such as the Zen of Python and PEP8, we have, at our disposal, a

wide range of libraries and frameworks for creating great web applications, each

with its own philosophy. Django, for example, is a bundle solution; it makes choices

for you on how your project should look, what should it have, and how things

should be done. Web2py is another framework solution that goes beyond and

bundles even the IDE with it. These are great concepts, but if you want to create

something simple, I would suggest you to do it somewhere else. They're usually

good choices, but sometimes they're just too much (the latest Django version seems

decisive in changing that; let's keep an eye on further developments).

Flask positions itself, not as a full-power out-of-the-box solution like both Django

and Web2py, but as a minimalistic solution where you're given the bare minimum to

work with and choose all the other stuff. That's very helpful when you want granular

control of your application, when you want to precisely pick your components, or

when your solution is simple (not simplistic, okay?).

Preface

[ vi ]

This book is a response to that scenario of beautiful code and many options in the

Web world. It tries to walk through the main concerns regarding web development,

from security to content delivery and from session management to REST services

and CRUD. Important modern concepts such as overengineering, quality and the

development process are covered, so as to achieve better results from day one. To

make the learning process smooth, subjects are presented without rush and followed

by commented examples. The book also sets out to give readers real-world advice on

how to prevent common problems with code.

Come learn how to create great Flask applications, delivering value to your projects

and customers!

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Flask in a Flask, I Mean, Book, introduces you to Flask, explaining what it is,

what it is not, and how it positions itself in the web framework world.

Chapter 2, First App, How Hard Could it Be?, covers the very rst step toward Flask

development, including environment setup, your very own "Hello World" app, and

how templates enter into this equation. A uffy chapter it is!

Chapter 3, Man, Do I Like Templates!, deals with face tags and lters progresses

through the Jinja2 template engine and how it integrates with Flask. Things start to

get a little serious from here!

Chapter 4, Please Fill in This Form, Madam, discusses how to handle forms (as forms

are a fact in the web development life) with all the care they need using WTForms in

all its glory!

Chapter 5, Where Do You Store Your Stuff?, introduces you to the concepts of relational

and non-relational databases, covering how to handle both cases, and also when to.

Chapter 6, But I Wanna REST Mom, Now!, is a chapter on creating REST services (as

the REST hype must be satised), manually and using the amazing Flask-Restless.

Chapter 7, If Ain't Tested, It Ain't Game, Bro!, is our quality-centric chapter where you

learn to deliver quality through proper testing, the TDD and BDD way!

Chapter 8, Tips and Tricks or Flask Wizardry 101, is a dense chapter covering good

practices, architecture, blueprints, debugging, and session management.

Preface

[ vii ]

Chapter 9, Extensions, How I Love Thee, covers all those great Flask extensions not

covered so far that will help you achieve the productivity the real world requires

from you.

Chapter 10, What Now?, ends our development trip covering all the basics for a

healthy deployment, and points you toward your next steps in the Flask world.

What you need for this book

To make the most of your reading experience, the reader is expected to have a

machine with Ubuntu 14.x or superior installed as the examples are designed

for this setup, a basic knowledge of Python (if you don't have this, refer to

http://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/python/ rst), and a text editor with

highlights of your likings (LightTable, Sublime, Atom). Other required software will

be discussed through the chapters.

Who this book is for

This book targets Python developers, with some or no experience with web

development, who wish to create minimalistic web applications. It is focused on

those who want to become web developers as all the basics are covered to some

extent, and also on those who already are familiar with web development using

other frameworks, be it Python-based frameworks such as Django, Bottle, or

Pyramid, or frameworks from other languages.

It is also important that you have a basic understanding of web technologies used to

construct web pages, as is the case for CSS, JavaScript, and HTML. If that is not your

background, please check out the W3Schools website (http://w3schools.com/)

as it covers the basics of using these technologies. Also, if you're skilled with the

Linux terminal, your life will be much easier throughout the whole book; try the link

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UsingTheTerminal if this is not the case.

Nonetheless, be assured that, if you have a basic knowledge of Python, you're more

than capable of understanding the examples and the chapters; at the end of the

book, you will be creating amazing web applications that perform well and are

easy to maintain.

Conventions

In this book, you will nd a number of styles of text that distinguish between

different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles, and an

explanation of their meaning.

Preface

[ ix ]

Customer support

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help you to get the most from your purchase.

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Errata

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If you nd any errata, please report them by visiting http://www.packtpub.com/

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viewed by selecting your title from http://www.packtpub.com/support.

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