VMware vCenter Server管理ESXi主机指南

需积分: 9 174 浏览量更新于2024-07-23 收藏 1.88MB PDF 举报

"Vcenter_Server_Host_Management - Vmware的Vcenter Server 对host 的管理文档，英文原版" 在虚拟化领域，VMware的vCenter Server是管理和控制ESXi主机（host）的关键组件，它提供了集中化的管理界面，允许管理员高效地监控、配置和维护ESXi环境。此文档主要针对的是vCenter Server 5.0版本以及与其兼容的ESXi 5.0版本。值得注意的是，这份文档不仅适用于列出的这些产品版本，还支持所有后续版本，直到有新的版本发布。 vCenter Server的主要功能包括： 1. **集中管理**：通过vCenter Server，管理员可以对多个ESXi主机进行统一的管理，包括添加、删除、更新和配置主机设置。 2. **资源调度**：vCenter Server能够根据策略自动分配和调整虚拟机（VM）的资源，如CPU、内存和存储，以确保性能和可用性。 3. **高可用性**：vCenter Server支持VMware High Availability (HA)特性，当检测到主机故障时，能够自动在其他健康主机上重启虚拟机，确保业务连续性。 4. **故障转移和迁移**：vMotion技术允许在不中断服务的情况下将运行中的虚拟机从一个ESXi主机迁移到另一个。 5. **性能监控**：提供详细的性能指标和图表，帮助管理员识别潜在问题并优化资源使用。 6. **更新和升级管理**：vCenter Server可进行批量软件更新和补丁应用，简化了ESXi环境的维护工作。 7. **备份与恢复**：集成备份解决方案，确保虚拟机数据的安全，并在需要时进行快速恢复。 8. **安全性**：通过设置访问控制和策略，确保只有授权用户能够访问和操作虚拟环境。 9. **报告和审计**：生成各种报告，如资源利用率、性能历史和合规性报告，便于决策和合规审计。为了获取最新版本的文档和技术信息，用户应定期访问VMware官方网站（http://www.vmware.com/support/）。同时，该网站也是获取产品更新和补丁的主要渠道。对于文档反馈和建议，用户可以通过docfeedback@vmware.com与VMware联系。最后，此文档和VMware产品受到美国和国际版权及知识产权法律保护。VMware是VMware, Inc.在美国和其他地区的注册商标，文档中提及的其他商标可能分别属于其各自公司。VMware, Inc.的总部位于加利福尼亚州帕洛阿尔托，网址为www.vmware.com。 vCenter Server是VMware虚拟化环境中不可或缺的一部分，它通过提供强大的管理和自动化工具，极大地提升了ESXi主机的运营效率和可靠性。

Datastores

A virtual representation of underlying physical storage resources in the

datacenter. A datastore is the storage location for virtual machine files. These

physical storage resources can come from the local SCSI disk of the ESXi host,

the Fibre Channel SAN disk arrays, the iSCSI SAN disk arrays, or Network

Attached Storage (NAS) arrays. Datastores hide the idiosyncrasies of the

underlying physical storage and present a uniform model for the storage

resources required by virtual machines.

Folders

Folders allow you to group objects of the same type so you can easily manage

them. For example, you can use folders to set permissions across objects, to set

alarms across objects, and to organize objects in a meaningful way.

A folder can contain other folders, or a group of objects of the same type:

datacenters, clusters, datastores, networks, virtual machines, templates, or

hosts. For example, one folder can contain hosts and a folder containing hosts,

but it cannot contain hosts and a folder containing virtual machines.

Datacenter folders form a hierarchy directly under the root vCenter Server and

allow users to group their datacenters in any convenient way. Within each

datacenter is one hierarchy of folders with virtual machines and templates, one

with hosts and clusters, one with datastores, and one with networks.

Hosts

The physical computer on which ESXi is installed. All virtual machines run on

hosts. If the vSphere Client is connected directly to an ESXi host, only that host

is available for management.

Networks

A set of virtual network interface cards (virtual NICs), distributed switches or

vSphere Distributed Switches, and port groups or distributed port groups that

connect virtual machines to each other or to the physical network outside of

the virtual datacenter. All virtual machines that connect to the same port group

belong to the same network in the virtual environment, even if they are on

different physical servers. You can monitor networks and set permissions and

alarms on port groups and distributed port groups.

Resource pools

Resource pools are used to compartmentalize the CPU and memory resources

of a host or cluster. Virtual machines execute in, and draw their resources from,

resource pools. You can create multiple resource pools as direct children of a

standalone host or cluster and then delegate control over them to other

individuals or organizations.

vCenter Server provides, through the DRS components, various options in

monitoring the status of the resources and adjusting or suggesting adjustments

to the virtual machines using the resources. You can monitor resources and set

alarms on them.

Templates

A master copy of a virtual machine that can be used to create and provision

new virtual machines. Templates can have a guest operating system and

application software installed, and can be customized during deployment to

ensure that the new virtual machine has a unique name and network settings.

Virtual machines

A virtualized computer environment in which a guest operating system and

associated application software can run. Multiple virtual machines can operate

on the same managed host machine concurrently.

vApps

vSphere vApp is a format for packaging and managing applications. A vApp

can contain multiple virtual machines.

vCenter Server and Host Management

16 VMware, Inc.

Optional vCenter Server Components

Optional vCenter Server components are packaged and installed with the base product, but might require a

separate license.

Optional vCenter Server features include:

vMotion

A feature that enables you to move running virtual machines from one ESXi

host to another ESXi host without service interruption. It requires licensing on

both the source and target host. vCenter Server centrally coordinates all

vMotion activities.

Storage vMotion

A feature that allows you to move the disks and configuration file of a running

virtual machine from one datastore to another without service interruption. It

requires licensing on the virtual machine's host.

vSphere HA

A feature that enables a cluster with High Availability. If a host goes down, all

virtual machines that were running on the host are promptly restarted on

different hosts in the same cluster.

When you enable the cluster for vSphere HA, you specify the number of hosts

you want to be able to recover. If you specify the number of host failures

allowed as 1, vSphere HA maintains enough capacity across the cluster to

tolerate the failure of one host. All running virtual machines on that host can

be restarted on remaining hosts. By default, you cannot turn on a virtual

machine if doing so violates required failover capacity. See the vSphere

Availability documentation for more information.

vSphere DRS

A feature that helps improve resource allocation and power consumption

across all hosts and resource pools. vSphere DRS collects resource usage

information for all hosts and virtual machines in the cluster and gives

recommendations (or migrates virtual machines) in one of two situations:

Initial placement – When you first power on a virtual machine in the

cluster, DRS either places the virtual machine or makes a recommendation.

Load balancing – DRS attempts to improve resource utilization across the

cluster by performing automatic migrations of virtual machines (vMotion)

or by providing a recommendation for virtual machine migrations.

vSphere DRS includes distributed power management (DPM) capabilities.

When DPM is enabled, the system compares cluster-level and host-level

capacity to the demands of virtual machines running in the cluster. Based on

the results of the comparison, DPM recommends (or implements) actions that

can reduce the power consumption of the cluster.

Storage DRS

A feature that enables you to manage multiple datastores as a single compute

resource, called a datastore cluster. A datastore cluster is an aggregation of

multiple datastores into a single logical, load-balanced pool. You can treat the

datastore cluster as a single flexible storage resource for resource management

purposes. You can assign a virtual disk to a datastore cluster, and Storage DRS

Chapter 1 vSphere Concepts and Features

VMware, Inc. 17

finds an appropriate datastore for it. The load balancer takes care of initial

placement and future migrations based on workload measurements. Storage

space balancing and I/O balancing minimize the risk of running out of space

and the risk of I/O bottlenecks slowing the performance of virtual machines.

vSphere Fault Tolerance

vSphere Fault Tolerance provides continuous availability for virtual machines

by creating and maintaining a Secondary VM that is identical to, and

continuously available to replace, the Primary VM in the event of a failover

situation.

vCenter Server Plug-Ins

vCenter Server plug-ins extend the capabilities of vCenter Server by providing more features and functions.

Some plug-ins are installed as part of the base vCenter Server product.

vCenter Storage

Monitoring

Allows you to review information on storage usage and to visually map

relationships between all storage entities available in vCenter Server.

vCenter Hardware

Status

Uses CIM monitoring to display the hardware status of hosts that

vCenter Server manages.

vCenter Service Status

Displays the status of vCenter services.

Some plug-ins are packaged separately from the base product and require separate installation. You can update

plug-ins and the base product independently of each other. VMware modules include:

vSphere Update

Manager (VUM)

Enables administrators to apply updates and patches across ESXi hosts and all

managed virtual machines. Administrators can create user-defined security

baselines that represent a set of security standards. Security administrators can

compare hosts and virtual machines against these baselines to identify and

remediate systems that are not in compliance.

vShield Zones

An application-aware firewall built for vCenter Server integration. vShield

Zones inspects client-server communications and communications between

virtual machines to provide detailed traffic analytics and application-aware

firewall partitioning. vShield Zones is a critical security component for

protecting virtualized datacenters from network-based attacks and misuse.

vCenter Orchestrator

A workflow engine that enables you to create and run automated workflows

in your vSphere environment. vCenter Orchestrator coordinates workflow

tasks across multiple VMware products and third-party management and

administration solutions through its open plug-in architecture. vCenter

Orchestrator provides a library of workflows that are extensible. You can use

any operation available in the vCenter Server API to customize vCenter

Orchestrator workflows.

Data Recovery

A disk-based backup and recovery solution that provides complete data

protection for virtual machines. Data Recovery is fully integrated with

vCenter Server to enable centralized and efficient management of backup jobs

and includes data deduplication to minimize disk usage.

vCenter Server and Host Management

18 VMware, Inc.

Start the vSphere Client and Log In

The vSphere Client is a graphical user interface to vCenter Server and to hosts.

A login screen appears when you start the vSphere Client. After you log in, the client displays the objects and

functionality appropriate to the server you are accessing and the permissions available to the user you logged

in as.

Procedure

1 Log in to your Windows system.

If this is the first time you are starting the vSphere Client, log in as the administrator.

If the managed host is not a domain controller, log in as either

local_host_name

user

or user, where

user is a member of the local Administrators group.

If the managed host is a domain controller, you must log in as

domain

userdomain

user

, where

domain is the domain name for which the managed host is a controller and useris a member of that

domain’s Domain Administrators group. VMware does not recommend running on a domain

controller.

2 Double-click a shortcut or select the vSphere Client from Start > Programs > VMware > vSphere Client.

3 Enter the server name, your user name, and your password.

If you are logging in to a vCenter Server system that is part of a Connected Group, logging in to that server

connects you to all servers in that group.

NOTE Only previously entered server names appear in the Server drop-down menu.

4 Click Login to continue.

You are now connected to the host or vCenter Server system.

Stop the vSphere Client and Log Out

When you no longer need to view or alter the activities that the vCenter Server system is performing, log out

of the vSphere Client.

NOTE Closing a vSphere Client session does not stop the server.

Procedure

Click the close box (X) , or select File > Exit.

The vSphere Client shuts down. The vSphere Client is logged out of the vCenter Server system. The server

continues to run all its normal activities in the background. Any scheduled tasks are saved and performed by

vCenter Server.

Before you can connect to a vCenter Server system, you must register it with the vSphere Web Client.

You can register multiple vCenter Server systems with a single vSphere Web Client. However, the

vSphere Web Client can connect only to one vCenter Server system at a time, unless those vCenter Server

systems are joined together in Linked Mode.

VMware recommends that you register a given vCenter Server system with only one vSphere Web Client

instance, rather than using multiple vSphere Web Client instances to manage that vCenter Server system.

vCenter Server and Host Management

20 VMware, Inc.

剩余147页未读，继续阅读

michael_yzq123

粉丝: 3
资源: 75

VMware vCenter Server管理ESXi主机指南

VMware vSphere 6.7升级指南：vCenter Server与Host Client

VMware vCenter Server 5.1 安装教程与配置详解

vSphere升级：从Windows vCenter Server到vCenter Server Appliance 6.5的迁移指南

vsphere-esxi-vcenter-server-511-host-management-guide

vsphere-esxi-vcenter-server-501-host-management-guide

vsphere-esxi-vcenter-server-55-host-management-guide

vsphere-esxi-vcenter-server-511-host-management-guide.pdf

vCenter_Clinet用户操作手册

vCenter Server and Host Management (ESXi 5.5, vCenter Server 5.5

vcenter host management

最新资源