基于VTK和VC++的3D医学CT图像重建技术

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"这篇论文详细阐述了如何利用VTK工具和VC++实现医学CT图像的三维重建，旨在通过CT切片和数字图像精确地定位人体内的病理性结构，如肿瘤。三维图像CT重建是数字图像处理技术，尤其是生物医学成像领域的一个热门课题。在开发三维医学可视化系统时，为了获取内部详细结构信息，通常需要对3D物体进行切割。论文中采用VC++6.0结合Visualization Toolkit (VTK)库，对PAT格式的CT切片序列进行3D图像重建。重建后的3D对象可以由鼠标控制缩放、移动和环绕旋转，并可用于剪切3D物体。实验通过牙齿和脚部的案例展示了该方法的有效性。" 本文主要探讨的是医学图像处理中的一个重要技术——三维CT图像重建。这一技术对于诊断和治疗疾病，特别是识别体内的肿瘤和其他异常结构具有重要意义。作者使用VTK（Visualization Toolkit）作为核心工具，这是一种开源的三维图形处理库，广泛应用于科学计算和可视化领域。同时，选择VC++作为编程语言，因其在Windows平台上的强大功能和广泛应用。文章的核心内容包括以下几个知识点： 1. **三维图像重建**：这是通过一系列二维CT切片构建出三维人体模型的过程。在医学领域，这种重建技术有助于医生查看病变位置、大小和形状，从而提供更准确的诊断和治疗方案。 2. **VTK (Visualization Toolkit)**：VTK是一个强大的开源库，提供了多种数据结构和算法，用于处理和显示复杂的3D数据。在本研究中，VTK用于解析CT切片数据并进行图像重建。 3. **VC++**：作为Microsoft的C++开发环境，VC++6.0被用来编写控制VTK进行图像处理和交互的代码。它为开发者提供了直观的界面和高效的编程工具。 4. **PAT格式**：CT切片数据通常以特定的文件格式存储，如PAT格式。这种格式包含了扫描得到的每层二维图像信息，是进行三维重建的基础。 5. **图像交互**：重建的3D对象可以通过鼠标进行操作，包括缩放、平移和旋转，这在医学可视化中极其重要，因为它允许医生从不同角度观察和分析病灶。 6. **实验验证**：作者通过牙齿和脚部的实例，展示了所提出的重建方法的实用性和准确性。实验结果证明了该方法在实际应用中的可行性和有效性。通过以上知识点，我们可以理解3D CT重建的基本原理和技术实现，以及其在医学诊断中的重要价值。这一技术的发展和改进对于提升医疗图像处理的效率和准确性具有深远的影响。

3D Medical CT Images Reconstruction based on

VTK and Visual C++

Wang Hongjian

Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center for

Information Management in Development,

Chongqing Technology and Business University,

Chongqing,400067,China.

e-mail: whj_cqu@163.com

Pu Xiaoming

Information Center,

Chongqing Construction Commission,

Chongqing,400014,China

Abstract: In this paper, it is provided to reconstruct three-

dimensional(3D) models of human body by using CT slices and

digital images and precisely finding locations of pathological

formations such as tumours.3D image CT reconstruction is an

attractive field generally in digital image processing techniques,

especially in biomedical imaging. It is necessary to incise a 3D

object to obtain detail structure information inside in the process of

developing 3D medical visualization system. Visual C++ 6.0 with

Visualization Toolkit (VTK) toolbox are used to reconstruct 3D

images using the CT slice sequence in PAT format. Cuboids that

can be controlled to zoom, move or circumrotate by mouse and

used for clipping the object of 3D object. Experiment of tooth and

foot shows that the technique can realize the real time.

Keywords: Images Reconstruction; VTK; Marching Cubes;

three- dimensional.

I. INTRODUCTION

Medical Imaging techniques are used for diagnosing and

treatment of many diseases as well as surgical operations.

CT,MRI and ultrasound imaging techniques are the mostly

used ones[1-2]. Reconstruction of 3D volume and surface

models of the tissues, by using 2D image slices, provides many

advantages to medical doctors. For a long time, 3D models

have being used in medical applications in many countries,

which are used just at some high quality hospitals and medical

centers. These equipments have been indispensably for

doctors’ diagnosis assisted by information technology, which

need strong computers with dedicated software. At present,

such high-tech equipments are unable to be manufactured with

domestic technology, but feasible developing supporting

accessories and software can enhance their utilization

effectivity and reduce the dependence on foreign maintenance

system with high cost. On the other hand, medical information

system does not shape clearly; medical units in national health

care system have not united yet in any standard process to

operate image diagnostic equipments or to manage patient

data. Therefore, a project making facilities for medical

information system in general and for medical imaging in

particular has been alternatively developed in order to master

mentioned technology and to develop domestic products

partially taken place of very expensive imported facilities and

soft wares[3-4]. This paper introduces our building 3D image

reconstruction software with Marching Cubes(MC) algorithms

on PC, which are very necessary tools for medical image

processing.

II. F

UNDAMENTAL THEORY

Segmentation is the process of classifying pixels in an

image or volume. It is one of the most difficult task in the

visualization processes. For reconstruction of medical 3D

surface and volume, interest tissue boundaries should be

distinguished from others on all the image slices. After the

boundaries have been found, the pixels, which constitute the

(a) (b)

Figure 1: Parallel beam x-ray projections and mathematical notations to label them (a) and divergent-beam weighted

back-projection (b) types of 2D slice

____________________________

This work was partially supported by fund of Chongqing Science

& Technology Commission under Grant No.2006EA2011 and

Chongqing Education Commission under Grant No.Kj070708

and KJ080711,China.

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