w00w00团队剖析堆溢出攻击原理

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标题:"w00w00 on Heap Overflows:深入理解与防范初步指南" 本文是关于堆溢出攻击(Heap Overflow)的深度探讨,由Matt Conover和w00w00 Security Team撰写,发布于1999年1月,作为他们的最终文章的预览版。尽管声明是初步和测试版本,但作者强调了其价值,并希望读者能够理解和应用。 堆溢出是一种常见的安全漏洞,发生在程序运行时动态分配内存时,攻击者利用程序对内存边界控制的不足,将恶意数据写入超出预期范围的内存区域,从而获取控制权、破坏程序流程或泄露敏感信息。这种类型的漏洞通常出现在C/C++等语言编写的程序中,因为它们允许程序员直接操作内存地址。 在文章中,作者详细介绍了以下几个关键知识点: 1. **概念介绍**: - 堆溢出:在编程中,堆(Heap)是程序运行时动态分配内存的一部分,它不同于栈(Stack)存储局部变量和函数调用信息。溢出攻击者通过构造特定的数据结构,使得程序在分配额外内存时超出预定边界。 2. **漏洞成因**: - 缺乏足够的输入验证:程序没有正确检查输入大小,导致在处理用户输入时,无法防止攻击者注入超出预期长度的数据。 - 无边界检查:代码没有对访问内存的指针进行边界检查,使得攻击者可以利用这个漏洞覆盖临近的内存区域。 3. **攻击过程**: - 攻击者通常利用精心构造的输入数据,比如利用缓冲区溢出(Buffer Overflow)或格式字符串漏洞(Format String Attack),触发程序跳转到攻击者控制的内存地址。 - 这可能导致执行恶意代码,例如设置栈指针,使程序执行一个恶意函数,或者覆盖返回地址,实现远程代码执行。 4. **防范措施**: - 输入验证:对用户提供的数据进行限制和验证,确保其长度在预期范围内。 - 安全编程实践:使用安全的API,如内存管理和指针操作,避免野指针和数组越界。 - 使用内存安全的语言特性或工具:现代编程语言提供了内存安全的特性,如C++的智能指针和C的safe C语言库。 5. **版权与共享**: - 作者允许读者在满足条件的情况下自由分发或重新发布这篇文章,包括保持原文完整、给出作者信用以及告知作者。 "w00w00 on Heap Overflows"是一篇实用的指南,深入剖析了堆溢出漏洞的原理、攻击手段以及如何预防这类漏洞。对于IT安全专业人士和开发人员来说,理解和掌握这些知识至关重要,以确保软件的安全性和可靠性。

================================================================= ==21==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x607000000068 at pc 0x00000034cf7d bp 0x7ffe25e739d0 sp 0x7ffe25e739c8 READ of size 8 at 0x607000000068 thread T0 #3 0x7fa68d3a7082 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x24082) 0x607000000068 is located 0 bytes to the right of 72-byte region [0x607000000020,0x607000000068) allocated by thread T0 here: #7 0x7fa68d3a7082 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x24082) Shadow bytes around the buggy address: 0x0c0e7fff7fb0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c0e7fff7fc0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c0e7fff7fd0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c0e7fff7fe0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c0e7fff7ff0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 =>0x0c0e7fff8000: fa fa fa fa 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00[fa]fa fa 0x0c0e7fff8010: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c0e7fff8020: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c0e7fff8030: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c0e7fff8040: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c0e7fff8050: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes): Addressable: 00 Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 Heap left redzone: fa Freed heap region: fd Stack left redzone: f1 Stack mid redzone: f2 Stack right redzone: f3 Stack after return: f5 Stack use after scope: f8 Global redzone: f9 Global init order: f6 Poisoned by user: f7 Container overflow: fc Array cookie: ac Intra object redzone: bb ASan internal: fe Left alloca redzone: ca Right alloca redzone: cb Shadow gap: cc ==21==ABORTING

2023-05-27 上传

AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x60200000008c at pc 0x00000034d51c bp 0x7ffd7d4a5d80 sp 0x7ffd7d4a5d78 ================================================================= ==20==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x60200000008c at pc 0x00000034d51c bp 0x7ffd7d4a5d80 sp 0x7ffd7d4a5d78 WRITE of size 4 at 0x60200000008c thread T0 #3 0x7f70e3f18082 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x24082) 0x60200000008c is located 4 bytes to the left of 8-byte region [0x602000000090,0x602000000098) allocated by thread T0 here: #4 0x7f70e3f18082 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x24082) Shadow bytes around the buggy address: 0x0c047fff7fc0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c047fff7fd0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c047fff7fe0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c047fff7ff0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0x0c047fff8000: fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa fa fa 00 00 fa fa fd fa =>0x0c047fff8010: fa[fa]00 fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c047fff8020: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c047fff8030: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c047fff8040: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c047fff8050: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa 0x0c047fff8060: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes): Addressable: 00 Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 Heap left redzone: fa Freed heap region: fd Stack left redzone: f1 Stack mid redzone: f2 Stack right redzone: f3 Stack after return: f5 Stack use after scope: f8 Global redzone: f9 Global init order: f6 Poisoned by user: f7 Container overflow: fc Array cookie: ac Intra object redzone: bb ASan internal: fe Left alloca redzone: ca Right alloca redzone: cb Shadow gap: cc ==20==ABORTING

2023-06-13 上传