iOS 7编程基础：Objective-C, Xcode 和 Cocoa 基础

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"iOS 7 Programming Fundamentals by Matt Neuburg" 本书《iOS 7 Programming Fundamentals》是针对苹果操作系统iOS 7的编程基础教程，由知名作者Matt Neuburg撰写，旨在帮助开发者掌握iOS 7开发的核心技术。这本书涵盖了Objective-C、Xcode以及Cocoa Basics等关键知识点，是iOS开发者的权威参考书籍。在iOS开发中，Objective-C是主要的编程语言，它是基于C语言并增加了Smalltalk式的消息传递机制。Objective-C在iOS 7中仍然至关重要，尽管后续版本（如Swift）已经出现，但Objective-C的语法和面向对象特性仍然是理解iOS编程的基础。书中会详细介绍Objective-C的类、对象、消息传递、协议、类别以及内存管理（包括ARC，即Automatic Reference Counting）等内容。 Xcode是苹果官方的集成开发环境（IDE），用于编写iOS和Mac OS X应用。它包含了代码编辑器、调试工具、界面设计工具（Interface Builder）以及构建和部署系统。在《iOS 7 Programming Fundamentals》中，读者将学习如何使用Xcode创建新项目，设置模拟器或设备进行测试，以及如何使用Interface Builder设计用户界面。 Cocoa Basics是指iOS开发中的核心框架集合，主要包括Foundation和UIKit。Foundation框架提供了基本的数据结构、字符串处理、网络通信等功能，而UIKit则是构建iOS用户界面的关键，包含控件、视图、事件处理等元素。书中会深入讲解这些概念，让开发者能够构建功能丰富的交互式应用。除此之外，书中可能还会涵盖以下内容： 1. iOS 7的新特性和变化：iOS 7带来了许多视觉和功能上的更新，如扁平化设计、控制中心、多任务处理等，开发者需要了解这些变化以便充分利用新平台的优势。 2. 应用程序生命周期和后台模式：iOS应用程序的运行流程，以及如何实现后台运行，如声音播放、位置更新等。 3. 数据持久化：包括SQLite数据库、Core Data框架以及偏好设置的使用，用于存储应用数据。 4. 自动布局和尺寸类：iOS 7引入了新的布局系统，帮助开发者适应不同屏幕尺寸和方向。 5. 网络编程：利用URLSession进行HTTP请求，以及JSON解析和上传/下载任务的处理。 6. 用户界面设计原则：遵循Apple的人机交互指南，创建符合iOS设计规范的用户界面。 7. 测试和调试：介绍Xcode的测试工具，包括单元测试和UI测试，以及如何调试应用程序。 8. App Store提交指南：讲解如何打包、签名和提交应用到App Store，以及应用审核的注意事项。通过阅读《iOS 7 Programming Fundamentals》，开发者不仅能掌握iOS 7开发的基本技能，还能了解到iOS开发的最佳实践和设计理念，为成为专业的iOS开发者打下坚实基础。

Acknowledgments

My thanks go first and foremost to the people at O’Reilly Media who have made writing

a book so delightfully easy: Rachel Roumeliotis, Sarah Schneider, Kristen Brown, and

Adam Witwer come particularly to mind. And let’s not forget my first and long-standing

editor, Brian Jepson, who had nothing whatever to do with this edition, but whose

influence is present throughout.

I have been saved from many embarrassing errors by the sharp and dedicated eyes of

Peter Olsen, a long-time reader who faithfully posts notes to the book’s online Errata

page, apparently just because that’s the kind of amazing and dedicated person he is.

As in the past, I have been greatly aided by some fantastic software, whose excellences

I have appreciated at every moment of the process of writing this book. I should like to

mention, in particular:

• git (http://git-scm.com)

• SourceTree (http://www.sourcetreeapp.com)

•

TextMate (http://macromates.com)

• AsciiDoc (http://www.methods.co.nz/asciidoc)

• BBEdit (http://barebones.com/products/bbedit/)

• Snapz Pro X (http://www.ambrosiasw.com)

• GraphicConverter (http://www.lemkesoft.com)

•

OmniGraffle (http://www.omnigroup.com)

The book was typed and edited entirely on my faithful Unicomp Model M keyboard

(http://pckeyboard.com), without which I could never have done so much writing over

so long a period so painlessly. For more about my physical work environment, see http://

matt.neuburg.usesthis.com.

From the Programming iOS 4 Preface

The popularity of the iPhone, with its largely free or very inexpensive apps, and the

subsequent popularity of the iPad, have brought and will continue to bring into the fold

many new programmers who see programming for these devices as worthwhile and

doable, even though they may not have felt the same way about OS X. Apple’s own annual

WWDC developer conventions have reflected this trend, with their emphasis shifted

from OS X to iOS instruction.

The widespread eagerness to program iOS, however, though delightful on the one hand,

has also fostered a certain tendency to try to run without first learning to walk. iOS gives

the programmer mighty powers that can seem as limitless as imagination itself, but it

also has fundamentals. I often see questions online from programmers who are evidently

xiv | Preface

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deep into the creation of some interesting app, but who are stymied in a way that reveals

quite clearly that they are unfamiliar with the basics of the very world in which they are

so happily cavorting.

It is this state of affairs that has motivated me to write this book, which is intended to

ground the reader in the fundamentals of iOS. I love Cocoa and have long wished to

write about it, but it is iOS and its popularity that has given me a proximate excuse to

do so. Here I have attempted to marshal and expound, in what I hope is a pedagogically

helpful and instructive yet ruthlessly Euclidean and logical order, the principles on

which sound iOS programming rests, including a good basic knowledge of Objective-

C (starting with C itself) and the nature of object-oriented programming, advice on the

use of the tools, the full story on how Cocoa objects are instantiated, referred to, put in

communication with one another, and managed over their lifetimes, and a survey of

the primary interface widgets and other common tasks. My hope, as with my previous

books, is that you will both read this book cover to cover (learning something new often

enough to keep you turning the pages) and keep it by you as a handy reference.

This book is not intended to disparage Apple’s own documentation and example

projects. They are wonderful resources and have become more wonderful as time goes

on. I have depended heavily on them in the preparation of this book. But I also find that

they don’t fulfill the same function as a reasoned, ordered presentation of the facts. The

online documentation must make assumptions as to how much you already know; it

can’t guarantee that you’ll approach it in a given order. And online documentation is

more suitable to reference than to instruction. A fully written example, no matter how

well commented, is difficult to follow; it demonstrates, but it does not teach.

A book, on the other hand, has numbered chapters and sequential pages; I can assume

you know C before you know Objective-C for the simple reason that Chapter 1 precedes

Chapter 2. And along with facts, I also bring to the table a degree of experience, which

I try to communicate to you. Throughout this book you’ll see me referring to “common

beginner mistakes”; in most cases, these are mistakes that I have made myself, in addition

to seeing others make them. I try to tell you what the pitfalls are because I assume that,

in the course of things, you will otherwise fall into them just as naturally as I did as I

was learning. You’ll also see me construct many examples piece by piece or extract and

explain just one tiny portion of a larger app. It is not a massive finished program that

teaches programming, but an exposition of the thought process that developed that

program. It is this thought process, more than anything else, that I hope you will gain

from reading this book.

Conventions Used in This Book

The following typographical conventions are used in this book:

Italic

Indicates new terms, URLs, email addresses, filenames, and file extensions.

Preface | xv

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