Python与Pygame游戏编程实战指南

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"《Python游戏编程入门》是一本面向中级程序员的指南，旨在教授如何使用Pygame框架在Python中创建图形化电脑游戏。Pygame是一个强大的库，简化了2D图形程序的开发，特别适合有一定Python基础的读者进一步探索游戏开发。该书假设读者已经对编程有所了解，特别是Python语言。对于初学者，推荐先阅读《Invent Your Own Computer Games with Python》，它是一本免费的入门书籍，通过文本游戏教学编程基础，并在某些章节介绍Pygame的使用。如果你已经掌握Python编程，希望尝试制作图形化游戏，那么《Making Games with Python & Pygame》将是理想的选择。书中涵盖了七个基于流行游戏的项目，这些游戏相较于《Invent with Python》中的文本游戏更有趣且互动性强。尽管如此，它们的代码量控制在600行以下，与专业游戏动辄数十万行的规模相比，显得较为精简。这些游戏的开发需要团队协作，而本书则提供完整的源代码，逐行解释游戏程序如何利用Pygame的功能。作者Albert Sweigart鼓励读者广泛分享这本书，因为它遵循Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License，这意味着你可以自由地复制、分发、展示和表演作品，甚至可以根据这一许可进行创作衍生作品，但必须遵守一定的条件：必须正确署名作者，非商业使用，并确保任何修改后的作品也采用相似的许可方式发布。有关法律条款的详细信息可以在Creative Commons网站找到。《Python游戏编程入门》是一本实用且具有启发性的教程，不仅教授游戏开发技巧，还强调了共享和创新的文化，适合希望通过Python和Pygame扩展游戏技能的开发者。"

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Email questions to the author: al@inventwithpython.com

The Flood Fill Algorithm ......................................................................................................... 284

Drawing the Map ..................................................................................................................... 285

Checking if the Level is Finished ............................................................................................ 287

Summary .................................................................................................................................. 288

Chapter 10 – Four Extra Games ................................................................................................... 289

Flippy, an ―Othello‖ Clone ...................................................................................................... 290

Source Code for Flippy ............................................................................................................ 292

Ink Spill, a ―Flood It‖ Clone .................................................................................................... 305

Source Code for Ink Spill ........................................................................................................ 305

Four-In-A-Row, a ―Connect Four‖ Clone ................................................................................ 317

Source Code for Four-In-A-Row ............................................................................................. 317

Gemgem, a ―Bejeweled‖ Clone ............................................................................................... 327

Source Code for Gemgem ........................................................................................................ 327

Summary .................................................................................................................................. 340

Glossary ....................................................................................................................................... 342

About the Author ......................................................................................................................... 347

Chapter 1 – Installing Python and Pygame 1

CHAPTER 1 – INSTALLING

PYTHON AND PYGAME

What You Should Know Before You Begin

It might help if you know a bit about Python programming (or how to program in another

language besides Python) before you read through this book; however even if you haven’t you

can still read this book anyway. Programming isn’t nearly as hard as people think it is. If you ever

run into some trouble, you can read the free book ―Invent Your Own Computer Games with

Python‖ online at http://inventwithpython.com or look up a topic that you find confusing on the

Invent with Python wiki at http://inventwithpython.com/wiki.

You don’t need to know how to use the Pygame library before reading this book. The next

chapter is a brief tutorial on all of Pygame’s major features and functions.

Just in case you haven’t read the first book and already installed Python and Pygame on your

computer, the installation instructions are in this chapter. If you already have installed both of

these then you can skip this chapter.

Downloading and Installing Python

Before we can begin programming you'll need to install software called the Python interpreter on

your computer. (You may need to ask an adult for help here.) The interpreter is a program that

understands the instructions that you’ll write (or rather, type out) in the Python language. Without

the interpreter, your computer won't be able to run your Python programs. We'll just refer to ―the

Python interpreter‖ as ―Python‖ from now on.

The Python interpreter software can be downloaded from the official website of the Python

programming language, http://www.python.org. You might want the help of someone else to

download and install the Python software. The installation is a little different depending on if

your computer’s operating system is Windows, Mac OS X, or a Linux OS such as Ubuntu. You

can also find videos online of people installing the Python software on their computers at

http://invpy.com/installing.

Windows Instructions

When you get to http://python.org, you should see a list of links on the left (such as ―About‖,

―News‖, ―Documentation‖, ―Download‖, and so on). Click on the Download link to go to the

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download page, then look for the file called ―Python 3.2 Windows Installer (Windows binary --

does not include source)‖ and click on its link to download Python for Windows.

Double-click on the python-3.2.msi file that you've just downloaded to start the Python installer.

(If it doesn’t start, try right-clicking the file and choosing Install.) Once the installer starts up,

just keep clicking the Next button and just accept the choices in the installer as you go (no need

to make any changes). When the install is finished, click Finish.

Mac OS X Instructions

Mac OS X 10.5 comes with Python 2.5.1 pre-installed by Apple. Currently, Pygame only

supports Python 2 and not Python 3. However, the programs in this book work with both Python

2 and 3.

The Python website also has some additional information about using Python on a Mac at

http://docs.python.org/dev/using/mac.html.

Ubuntu and Linux Instructions

Pygame for Linux also only supports Python 2, not Python 3. If your operating system is Ubuntu,

you can install Python by opening a terminal window (from the desktop click on Applications >

Accessories > Terminal) and entering ―sudo apt-get install python2.7‖ then

pressing Enter. You will need to enter the root password to install Python, so ask the person who

owns the computer to type in this password if you do not know it.

You also need to install the IDLE software. From the terminal, type in ―sudo apt-get

install idle‖. The root password is also needed to install IDLE (ask the owner of your

computer to type in this password for you).

Starting Python

We will be using the IDLE software to type in our programs and run them. IDLE stands for

Interactive DeveLopment Environment. The development environment is software that makes it

easy to write Python programs, just like word processor software makes it easy to write books.

If your operating system is Windows XP, you should be able to run Python by clicking the Start

button, then selecting Programs, Python 3.1, IDLE (Python GUI). For Windows Vista or

Windows 7, just click the Windows button in the lower left corner, type ―IDLE‖ and select

―IDLE (Python GUI)‖.

If your operating system is Max OS X, start IDLE by opening the Finder window and click on

Applications, then click Python 3.2, then click the IDLE icon.

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