JasperReports官方终极指南：从入门到配置详解

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《JasperReports终极指南》第三版是一本由Jaspersoft Corporation出版的专业书籍，版权日期范围为2002年至2010年。该书详细介绍了JasperReports这款强大的报表工具，旨在帮助读者全面理解和掌握其功能。本书是版本0510-UGJ37-4，针对的是想要深入了解和使用JasperReports的开发者和专业人员。在"Getting Started"部分，作者会引导读者快速入门，介绍如何安装JasperReports及其所需的环境，包括对X11（一种图形用户界面环境）和无头Java（用于服务器端执行的Java环境）的配置。这部分内容对于初次接触JasperReports的读者来说尤为重要，因为它为后续开发设置了基础。 "Building the Source Files and Running the Samples"章节涉及了如何构建源代码和运行示例，这包括使用Ant构建工具，这是一种流行的Java构建工具，可以自动化构建、测试和打包过程。通过实践操作，读者可以学习到如何将模板转化为可执行的报表。 "Working with Report Templates"部分深入探讨了报告模板的设计与管理。首先，读者会学习如何创建报告模板，包括设计布局、数据绑定和交互式元素。然后，"Report Design Preview"展示了如何预览和调整模板，确保报表的视觉效果符合预期。此外，章节还涵盖了如何加载、存储和编译报告模板文件，以及如何使用表达式脚本语言（如iText或Groovy）编写复杂的计算逻辑。 "Expression Scripting Language"专门讲解了JasperReports中的表达式语言，这是驱动报表动态数据展示的关键。这部分内容涵盖了变量、函数、条件判断等表达式的使用，使读者能够灵活处理数据并生成多样化报表。 "Report Compilers"章节回顾了JasperReports报告编译的历史背景，解释了报告编译的过程和原理，有助于读者理解整个工作流程。同时，它也提供了关于配置和优化编译器性能的实用建议。《JasperReports终极指南》第三版为读者提供了一个详尽且实用的教程，无论你是初学者还是高级用户，都能从中获得丰富的知识和技能，帮助你在JasperReports的世界中游刃有余地开发高质量的报表解决方案。

THE JASPERREPORTS ULTIMATE GUIDE

working with the JasperReports library easier. Please refer to the Ant documentation for

installation instructions.

UILDING

THE

ROJECT

FROM

OURCE

ILES

Once you have installed Ant, you can compile the source files, generate the Javadoc API

documentation, or build the distribution JAR files. To do this, execute the Ant tasks

declared in the build.xml file found in the root directory of the project tree.

To see details of each available task, launch the ant -p command from the command

prompt inside this root directory.

UNNING

THE

AMPLES

The JasperReports distribution package comes with a complete set of sample

applications and reports that show how each individual feature of the library can be used.

The samples are in the /demo/samples directory inside the project tree.

HSQLDB D

EMO

ATABASE

Some of the samples use data from an HSQLDB demo database supplied in the

/demo/hsqldb directory of the JasperReports distribution (www.hsqldb.org).

Before running those samples, start the HSQLDB database by going to the

/demo/hsqldb directory and launching ant runServer from the command prompt. To

look into the database content using a simple SQL client tool, launch the HSQLDB

Manager application by invoking ant runManager in the same directory after starting

the database.

To test a particular sample in the /demo/samples directory, go to the corresponding

sample subfolder and launch ant -p from the command line.

This displays a short description of what that sample demonstrates as well as a complete

list of Ant tasks available for use on the sample’s source files.

The following list gives the typical steps for running a sample:

1. Compile the sample’s Java source files by calling ant javac.

2. Compile the JRXML report templates used by the sample application with ant

compile.

3. Fill those report templates with data by calling ant fill.

4. View the result with ant view.

To export to other formats, simply use commands like ant pdf or ant html.

PAGE 4

THE JASPERREPORTS ULTIMATE GUIDE

The first option is recommended only in case the parent application that uses

JasperReports inside the reporting module needs to create report templates at runtime. In

most cases this is not needed because the report templates do not need to change with

every report execution, and hence static report templates could be used. Only the data

used to fill these static report templates is dynamic.

However, there are cases when the actual report template is the result of some user input.

The parent application might supply its users with a set of options when launching the

reports that might take the form of some simplified report designer or wizard. In such

cases, the actual report layout is not known or is not complete at design time, and can

only be put together after the user’s input is received.

The most common use case scenario that requires dynamically built or ad hoc report

templates (as we call them) is one in which the columns that are going to be present in a

table-like report layout are not known at design time. Instead, the user will give the

number of columns and their order inside the desired report at runtime.

Developers have to make sure that the applications they create really need ad hoc reports

and cannot rely solely on static report templates. Since dynamically built report

templates have to be compiled on the fly at runtime, they can result in a certain loss of

performance.

The second option for creating report templates is to edit JRXML files and use those

with the net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperCompileManager to prepare them

for filling with data. Because they are well structured and are validated against a public

XSD when parsed, these files can be easily edited using simple editors or specialized

XML editors.

EPORT

ESIGN

REVIEW

The JasperReports library does not ship with an advanced GUI tool to help design

reports. It is the iReport project from Jaspersoft which provides a high quality and up-to-

date visual designer for creating report templates.

However, the library contains a very helpful visual component that lets you preview the

report designs as you build them.

The net.sf.jasperreports.view.JasperDesignerViewer class is a simple

Swing-based Java application that can load and display a report template either in its

JRXML form or its compiled form. Even though it is not a complex GUI application and

lacks advanced functionality like dragging and dropping visual report elements, it is a

very helpful tool. All the supplied samples were initially created using this design

viewer.

All the supplied samples already have Ant tasks in their build.xml files that will launch

this design viewer to display the report templates.

PAGE 7

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