PSAT电力系统分析工具箱手册

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"PSAT（Power System Analysis Toolbox）是一个用于电力系统静态和动态分析及控制的MATLAB工具箱。该工具箱由Federico Milano开发，始于2001年9月，当时他还是意大利热那亚大学的博士生。自2002年11月发布第一个公开版本以来，PSAT不断更新和发展。目前，Federico Milano在西班牙卡斯蒂利亚拉曼查大学担任副教授，利用业余时间维护PSAT。 PSAT是一个免费提供的工具，旨在对电力系统研究和教育有所帮助，并鼓励他人使用和改进。然而，它没有任何形式的保修。用户可以在MATLAB命令提示符下输入“warranty”查看详细条款。PSAT遵循GNU公共许可证，允许在特定条件下进行再分发。作为一个持续发展的项目，PSAT的特性、结构和数据格式可能会在未来的版本中部分或全部更改。因此，用户应定期访问开发者Federico Milano的网页以获取最新信息和更新。使用PSAT，用户可以进行以下电力系统分析任务： 1. 静态稳定性分析：评估系统在小扰动后的稳定状态。 2. 动态模拟：模拟系统在各种操作条件下的动态行为，包括故障恢复过程。 3. 控制策略评估：测试和优化电力系统的控制器设计。 4. 网络简化：处理大型电力网络，进行简化计算以提高效率。 5. 参数估计：估计模型参数，以更好地匹配实际系统行为。 6. 故障分析：模拟和分析不同类型的故障及其影响。在实际应用中，PSAT可以与MATLAB的其他工具箱结合使用，例如优化工具箱，以进行更复杂的优化问题求解。此外，用户可以自定义模型，以适应特定的电力设备或研究需求。为了充分利用PSAT，用户需要具备MATLAB编程基础以及电力系统的基本理论知识。工具箱通常包含详细的文档和示例，帮助用户理解和学习如何使用其功能。通过参考提供的使用手册，用户可以逐步了解如何导入系统模型、设置参数、运行仿真以及解析结果。 PSAT是一个强大的电力系统分析工具，适用于学术研究和工程实践。尽管它可能需要一定的学习曲线，但对于那些需要深入理解电力系统动态特性的专业人士来说，它是宝贵的资源。"

10 2 Getting Started

Figure 2.1: Main graph ical u ser interface of PSAT.

Busfreq Fig Mass Phs SSSA Syn Ypdp

CPF File Mixed Pl SW Tap ans

Cac Fl Mn Pmu Servc Tcsc clpsat

Cluster GAMS Mot Pod Settings Tg filemode

Comp Hdl NLA Pss Shunt Theme jay

Cswt History OPF Rmpg Snapshot Thload

DAE Hvdc Oxl Rmpl Sofc Twt

Ddsg Initl PMU Rsrv Source UWPFLOW

and will open the main user interface window

which is depicted in Fig. 2.1. All

modules and procedures can be launched from this window by means of menus,

push buttons and/or shortcuts.

This window should always be present during all operations. If it is closed, it can be launched

again by typing fm

main at the prompt. In this way, all data and global variables are preserved.

2.5 Loading Data 11

2.5 Loading Data

Almost all operations require that a data ﬁle is loaded. The name of this ﬁle is

always displayed in the edit text Data File of the main window. To load a ﬁle

simply double click on this edit text, or use the ﬁrst button of the tool-bar, the

menu File/Open/Data File or the shortcut <Ctr-d> when the main window is

active. The data ﬁle can be either a .m ﬁle in PSAT format or a Simulink model

created with the PSAT library.

If the source is in a diﬀerent format supported by the PSAT format conversion

utility, ﬁrst perform the conversion in order to create the PSAT data ﬁle.

It is also possible to load results previously saved with PSAT by using the

second button from the left of the tool-bar, the menu File/Open/Saved System or

the shortcut <Ctr-y>. To allow portability across diﬀerent computers, the .out ﬁles

used for saving system results include also the original data which can be saved in

a new .m data ﬁle. Thus, after loading saved system, all operations are allowed,

not only the visualization of results previously obtained.

There is a second class of ﬁles that can be optionally loaded, i.e. perturbation

or disturbance ﬁles. These are actually Matlab functions and are used for setting

independent variables during time domain simulations. In order to use the program,

it is not necessary to load a perturbation ﬁ le, not even for running a time domain

simulation.

2.6 Running the Program

Setting a data ﬁle does not actually load or update the component structures. To

do this, one has to run the power ﬂow routine, which can b e launched in several

ways from the main window (e.g. by the shortcut <Ctr-p>). The last version of

the data ﬁle is read each time the power ﬂow is performed. The data are updated

also in case of changes in the Simulink model originally loaded. Thus it is not

necessary to load again the ﬁle every time it is modiﬁed.

After solving the ﬁrst power ﬂow, the program is ready for further analysis, such

as Continuation Power Flow, Optimal Power Flow, Small Signal Stability Analysis,

Time Domain Simulation, PMU placement, etc. Each of these procedures can be

launched from the tool-bar or the menu-bar of the main window.

2.7 Displaying Results

Results can be generally displayed in more than one way, either by means of a

graphical user interface in Matlab or as a ascii text ﬁle. For example p ower

ﬂow results, or whatever is the actual solution of the power ﬂow equations of the

current system, can be inspected with a GUI (in the main window, look for the

menu View/Static Report or use the shortcut <Ctr-v>). Then, the GUI allows to

save the results in a text ﬁle. The small signal stability and the PMU placement

GUIs have similar behaviors. Other results requiring a graphical output, such as

continuation power ﬂow results, multi-objective power ﬂow computations or time

12 2 Getting Started

domain simulations, can be depicted and saved in .eps ﬁles with the plotting utilities

(in the main window, look for the menu View/Plotting Utilities or use the shortcut

<Ctr-w>). Refer to the chapters where these topics are discussed for details and

examples.

Some computations and several user actions result also in messages stored in

the History structure. These messages/results are displayed one at the time in

the static text banner at the bottom of the main window. By double clicking on

this banner or using the menu Options/History a user interface will display the last

messages. This utility can be useful for debugging d ata errors or for checking the

performances of the procedures.

2.8 Saving Results

At any time the menu File/Save/Current System or the shortcut <Ctr-a> can be

invoked for saving the actual system status in a .mat ﬁle. All global structures used

by PSAT are stored in th is ﬁle which is placed in the folder of the current data ﬁle

and has the extension .out. Also the data ﬁle itself is saved, to ensure portability

across diﬀerent computers.

Furthermore, all static computations allow to create a report in a text ﬁle that

can be stored and used later. The extensions for these ﬁles are as follows:

.txt for reports in plain text;

.xls for reports in Excel;

.tex for reports in L

The report ﬁle name are built as follows:

[data

file name] [xx].[ext]

where xx is a progressive number, thus previous report ﬁles will not be overwritten.

All results are placed in the folder of the current data ﬁle, thus it is important to

be sure to have the authorization for writing in that folder.

Also the text contained in the command history can b e saved, fully or in part,

in a [data

file name] [xx].log ﬁle.

2.9 Settings

The main settings of the system are directly included in the main window an they

can be modiﬁed at any time. These settings are the frequency and power bases,

All errors displayed in the command history are not actually errors of the program, but are

due to wrong sequence of operations or inconsistencies in the data. On the other hand, errors and

warnings that are displayed on the Matlab prompt are more likely bugs and it would be of great

help if you could report these errors to me whenever you encounter one.

Well, after writing the 99

ﬁle, the ﬁle with the number 01 is actually overwritten without

asking for any conﬁrmation.

2.10 Network Design 13

starting and ending simulation times, static and d ynamic tolerance and maximum

number of iterations. Other general settings, such as the ﬁxed time step used for

time domain simulations or the setting to force the conversion of PQ loads into

constant impedances after power ﬂow computations, can be mo d iﬁed in a separate

windows (in the main window, look for the menu Edit/General Settings or use

the shor tcut <Ctr-k>). All these settings and data are stored in the Settings

structure which is fully described in App endix A. The default values for some

ﬁelds of the Settings structure can be restored by means of the menu Edit/Set

Default. Customized settings can be saved and used as default values for the next

sessions by means of the menu File/Save/Settings.

Computations requirin g additional settings have their own structur es and GUIs

for modifying structure ﬁelds. For example, the continuation power ﬂow analysis

refers to the structure CPF and the optimal power ﬂow analysis to the structure

OPF. These structures are described in the chapters dedicated to the corresponding

topics.

A diﬀerent class of settings is related to the PSAT graphical interface appear-

ance, the preferred text viewer for the text outputs and the settings for the com-

mand history interface.

2.10 Network Design

The Simulink environment and its graphical features are used in PSAT to create

a CAD tool able to design power networks, visualize the topology and change the

data stored in it, without the need of directly dealing with lists of data. However,

Simulink has been thought for control diagrams with outputs and inputs variables,

and this is not the best way to approach a power system network. Thus, the time

domain routines that come with Simulink and its ability to build control block

diagrams are not used. PSAT simply reads the data from the Simulink model and

writes down a data ﬁle.

The library can be launched from the main window by means of the but-

ton with the Simulink icon in the menu-bar, the menu Edit/Network/Edit Net-

work/Simulink Library or the shortcut <Ctr-s>.

2.11 Tools

Several tools are provided with PSAT, e.g. data format conversion fu nctions and

user deﬁned model routines.

The data format conversion routines (see Chapter 4) allow importing data ﬁles

from other power system software packages. However, observe that in some cases

the conversion cannot be complete since data deﬁned for commercial softwar e have

more features than the ones implemented in PSAT. PSAT static data ﬁles can be

converted into the IEEE Common Data Format.

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PSAT电力系统分析工具箱手册

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在Matlab中安装PSAT工具箱的详细步骤是什么？如何使用该工具箱进行潮流求解和分叉分析？请提供操作指导。

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