Oracle数据库网关for APPC用户指南11g发行版2

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"Oracle Database Gateway for APPC User's Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) - E12071-03" Oracle Database Gateway for APPC 是一个中间件解决方案，它允许Oracle数据库与IBM主机系统（如AS/400或iSeries）进行通信。这个用户指南是针对11g Release 2 (11.2)版本的，发布于2013年7月。文档的主要作者是Maitreyee Chaliha，还有其他几位贡献者，包括Vira Goorah、Govind Lakkoju、Peter Wong、Juan Pablo Ahues-Vasquez、Peter Castro和Charles Benet。该软件及其相关文档是根据许可协议提供的，其中包含使用和披露的限制，并受到知识产权法律的保护。根据许可协议或适用法律明确允许的除外，未经许可，不得复制、分发、修改、反编译或以任何形式展示任何部分。对本软件的反向工程、拆卸或反汇编，除非法律要求为了互操作性，否则是禁止的。 Oracle Database Gateway for APPC 主要用于在Oracle数据库和使用APP（Advanced Program-to-Program Communication）协议的IBM主机系统之间建立连接。通过这个网关，用户可以透明地访问和处理主机上的数据，如同这些数据存储在本地Oracle数据库中一样。这使得企业能够整合其现有IBM主机系统的数据资源和Oracle数据库环境，提高数据集成和应用的灵活性。用户指南可能涵盖以下内容： 1. **安装和配置**: 包括如何安装Oracle Database Gateway for APPC，设置所需的网络环境，以及配置连接到IBM主机系统的参数。 2. **连接管理**: 描述如何创建和管理连接到IBM主机的数据库实例，包括认证机制、连接字符串和会话管理。 3. **SQL支持**: 介绍哪些SQL语句和函数在与APPC系统交互时可以使用，以及可能存在的限制。 4. **性能优化**: 提供关于提高网关性能的建议，如调整参数、缓存策略等。 5. **故障排查**: 提供诊断和解决连接问题的步骤，包括日志分析和错误代码解析。 6. **安全考虑**: 讨论如何确保通信的安全性，包括加密、身份验证和权限控制。 7. **案例研究和示例**: 提供实际应用中的例子，帮助用户理解如何在自己的环境中使用Oracle Database Gateway for APPC。请注意，由于文档的具体内容未给出，以上概述基于对Oracle Database Gateway for APPC的一般理解。若要获取详细信息，应参考完整的用户指南或联系Oracle技术支持。

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1-4 Oracle Database Gateway for APPC User's Guide

Oracle Database Gateway for APPC Installation and Configuration Guide for Microsoft

Windows.

Gateway Remote Procedure

The Oracle Database Gateway for APPC provides prebuilt remote procedures. In

general, the following three remote procedures are used:

■ PGAINIT, which initializes transactions

■ PGAXFER, which transfers data

■ PGATERM, which terminates transactions

Refer to Appendix B, "Gateway RPC Interface" in this guide and to "Remote

Procedural Call Functions" in Chapter 1 of the Oracle Database Gateway for APPC

Installation and Configuration Guide for AIX 5L Based Systems (64-Bit), HP-UX Itanium,

Solaris Operating System (SPARC 64-Bit), Linux x86, and Linux x86-64 or Oracle Database

Gateway for APPC Installation and Configuration Guide for Microsoft Windows for more

information about gateway remote procedures.

dg4pwd

dg4pwd is a utility which encrypts passwords that are normally stored in the gateway

initialization file. Passwords are stored in an encrypted form in the password file,

making the information more secure. Refer to "Passwords in the Gateway Initialization

File" in the security requirements chapter of the Oracle Database Gateway for APPC

Installation and Configuration Guide for AIX 5L Based Systems (64-Bit), HP-UX Itanium,

Solaris Operating System (SPARC 64-Bit), Linux x86, and Linux x86-64 and Oracle

Database Gateway for APPC Installation and Configuration Guide for Microsoft Windows for

detailed information about how the dg4pwd utility works.

pg4tcpmap Tool

This tool is applicable only when the gateway is using TCP/IP support for IMS

Connect. Its function is to map SNA parameters (such as Side Profile Name) to

TCP/IP parameters (such as OLTP host name, IMS Connect port number and IMS

destination ID).

PGA (Procedural Gateway Administration)

PGA is a general reference within this guide to all or most components comprising the

Oracle Database Gateway for APPC. This term is used when references to a specific

product or component are too narrow.

PGDL (Procedural Gateway Definition Language)

PGDL is the collection of statements used to define transactions and data to the PGAU.

PL/SQL Stored Procedure Specification (PL/SQL package)

This is a precompiled PL/SQL procedure that is stored in Oracle database.

UTL_RAW PL/SQL Package (the UTL_RAW Functions)

This component of the gateway represents a series of data conversion functions for

PL/SQL RAW variables and remote host data. The types of conversions performed

depend on the language of the remote host data. Refer to Appendix D, "Datatype

Conversions" in this guide for more information.

Ter ms

Introduction to Oracle Database Gateway for APPC 1-5

UTL_PG PL/SQL Package (the UTL_PG Functions)

This component of the gateway represents a series of COBOL numeric data conversion

functions. Refer to "NUMBER_TO_RAW and RAW_TO_NUMBER Argument Values"

in Appendix C of this guide for supported numeric datatype conversions.

Oracle Database

This is any Oracle database instance that communicates with the gateway for purposes

of performing RPCs to execute RTP. The Oracle database can be on the same system as

the gateway or on a different system. If it is on a different system, then Oracle Net is

required on both systems. Refer to Figure 1–2, "Gateway Architecture Featuring SNA

or TCP/IP Protocol" for a view of the gateway architecture.

OLTP (Online Transaction Processor)

OLTP is any of a number of online transaction processors available from other

vendors, including CICS Transaction Server for z/OS and IMS/TM.

PGAU (Procedural Gateway Administration Utility)

PGAU is the tool that is used to define and generate PL/SQL transaction interface

packages (TIPs). Refer to Chapter 2, "Procedural Gateway Administration Utility" in

this guide for more information about PGAU.

PG DD (Procedural Gateway Data Dictionary)

This component of the gateway is a repository of remote host transaction definitions

and data definitions. PGAU accesses definitions in the PG DD when generating TIPs.

The PG DD has datatype dependencies because it supports the PGAU and is not

intended to be directly accessed by the customer. Refer to Appendix A, "Database

Gateway for APPC Data Dictionary" in this guide for a list of PG DD tables.

RPC (Remote Procedural Call)

RPC is a programming call that executes program logic on one system in response to a

request from another system. Refer to "Gateway Remote Procedure" in Appendix C of

the Oracle Database Gateway for APPC Installation and Configuration Guide for AIX 5L

Based Systems (64-Bit), HP-UX Itanium, Solaris Operating System (SPARC 64-Bit), Linux

x86, and Linux x86-64or Oracle Database Gateway for APPC Installation and Configuration

Guide for Microsoft Windows , and to Appendix B, "Gateway RPC Interface" in this

guide for more information.

RTP (Remote Transaction Program)

A remote transaction program is a customer-written transaction, running under the

control of an OLTP, which the user invokes remotely using a PL/SQL procedure. To

execute a remote transaction program through the gateway, you must use RPC to

execute a PL/SQL program to call the gateway functions.

TIP (Transaction Interface Package)

A TIP is an Oracle PL/SQL package that exists between your application and the

remote transaction program. The transaction interface package, or TIP, is a set of

PL/SQL stored procedures that invoke the RTP through the gateway. TIPs perform

Note: When your communications protocol is TCP/IP, only IMS

is supported as the OLTP.

Examples and Sample Files for the Gateway

1-6 Oracle Database Gateway for APPC User's Guide

the conversion and reformatting of remote host data using PL/SQL and UTL_

RAW/UTL_PG functions.

Figure 1–1 illustrates where the terminology discussed in the preceding sections

applies to the gateway’s architecture.

Figure 1–1 Relationship of Gateway and Oracle Database

Examples and Sample Files for the Gateway

The following sample files and examples are referred to for illustration purposes

throughout this guide. There are different example and sample files for a gateway

using the SNA protocol than for a gateway using TCP/IP for IMS Connect.

Examples and Sample Files for Gateway Using SNA

For gateways using the SNA communication protocol, this guide uses a CICS-DB2

inquiry as an example. Transaction Interface Packages (TIPs) pgadb2i.pkb and

pgadb2i.pkh send an employee number, empno, to a DB2 application and receive an

employee record, emprec.

The CICS-DB2 inquiry sample and its associated PGAU commands are also available

in the %ORACLE_HOME%\dg4appc\demo\CICS directory on Windows platform and

$ORACLE_HOME/dg4appc/demo/CICS directory on UNIX platforms. The sample

CICS-DB2 inquiry used as an example in this chapter is in files pgadb2i.pkh and

pgadb2i.pkb. Refer to the README.doc file in the same directory for information

about installing and using the samples. It can be found in the

%ORACLE_HOME%\dg4appc\demo\CICS directory for Windows and

$ORACLE_HOME/dg4appc/demo/CICS directory for UNIX.

Examples and Sample Files for Gateway Using TCP/IP

If your gateway is using the TCP/IP communication protocol, this guide uses an IMS

inquiry as an example. Transaction Interface Packages (TIPs) pgtflip.pkh and

pgtflip.pkb send input to IMS, through IMS Connect, and receive the flipped input

as the output.

SNA or TCP/IP

Client

Transaction

Interface Package

PG DD

Data Dictionary

Oracle Database

Operating System

Gateway Remote

Procedure Calls

PGAU

Oracle Net

OLTP

Remote

Transaction

Program

Mainframe

Architecture of the Gateway

Introduction to Oracle Database Gateway for APPC 1-7

The IMS inquiry sample (FLIP) and its associated PGAU commands are located in the

%ORACLE_HOME%\dg4appc\demo\IMS directory for Windows and $ORACLE_

HOME/dg4appc/demo/IMS directory for UNIX. The sample IMS inquiry used as an

example for a gateway using TCP/IP is located in files pgtflip.pkh and

pgtflip.pkb.

Refer to the README.doc file for more information about installing and using other

IMS samples. It can be found in the %ORACLE_HOME%\dg4appc\demo\IMS directory

for Windows and $ORACLE_HOME/dg4appc/demo/IMS directory for UNIX.

Architecture of the Gateway

The architecture of Oracle Database Gateway for APPC consists of several

components:

1. Oracle database

Refer to the configuration chapter corresponding to your communications

protocol in the Oracle Database Gateway for APPC Installation and Configuration

Guide for AIX 5L Based Systems (64-Bit), HP-UX Itanium, Solaris Operating System

(SPARC 64-Bit), Linux x86, and Linux x86-64 or Oracle Database Gateway for APPC

Installation and Configuration Guide for Microsoft Windowsfor a description of the

various methods for establishing the gateway-Oracle database relationship.

The Oracle database can also be used for non-gateway applications.

2. The gateway

Oracle Database Gateway for APPC must be installed on a server that can run the

required version of the operating system.

3. An OLTP

The OLTP must be accessible from the gateway using your SNA or TCP/IP

communication protocol. Multiple Oracle databases can access the same gateway.

A single system gateway installation can be configured to access more than one

OLTP.

– For gateways using TCP/IP: The only OLTP that is supported through TCP/IP

is IMS through IMS Connect.

– The OLTP must be accessible to the system using the TCP/IP protocol.

Multiple Oracle databases can access the same gateway. A single system

gateway installation can be configured to access more than one OLTP.

Multiple IMS systems can be accessed from an IMS Connect. If you have a

number of IMS Connect systems available, any of these may be connected to

one or more IMS systems.

Figure 1–2 illustrates the architecture of the Oracle Database Gateway for APPC using

SNA or TCP/IP, as described in the previous section.

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Oracle数据库网关for APPC用户指南11g发行版2

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