使用HTML5开发ASP.NET应用程序实战

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"Apress.HTML5.Programming.for.ASP.NET.Developers" 是一本面向ASP.NET开发者，深入探讨HTML5编程的书籍。本书旨在帮助读者掌握如何在ASP.NET Web Forms和MVC应用程序中利用HTML5的各种特性，包括Canvas、音频与视频、Web存储、历史API、文件API、Web Workers、Web Sockets、地理定位等。此外，还讲解了如何使用JavaScript和jQuery与服务器端的HTML5代码进行交互，并在Visual Studio环境中开发HTML5应用，以及如何利用CSS3来美化Web表单和视图。书中内容涵盖了从基础到高级的各种主题，如： 1. **HTML5概述和ASP.NET 4.5**：介绍HTML5的新特性和如何在ASP.NET框架下集成这些新功能。 2. **jQuery简介**：讲解如何使用jQuery与HTML5交互，简化客户端脚本的编写。 3. **音频与视频处理**：指导如何在网页中嵌入和控制多媒体内容。 4. **Canvas绘图**：介绍使用Canvas元素进行动态图形绘制的技术。 5. **表单和控件**：讨论HTML5在表单验证和控件方面的改进，以及如何在ASP.NET中应用。 6. **历史API与自定义数据属性**：展示如何使用历史API实现页面无刷新跳转，以及利用自定义数据属性增强HTML元素。 7. **Web存储**：讲解本地存储数据的方法，包括localStorage和sessionStorage。 8. **离线Web应用**：介绍如何构建能够在离线状态下运行的Web应用。 9. **文件API**：解释如何处理用户的本地文件，包括文件上传和下载。 10. **Web Workers**：利用Web Workers实现Web页面的多线程处理，提高性能。 11. **通信API与Web Sockets**：介绍实时双向通信技术，用于创建实时交互的应用。 12. **地理定位API**：讲解如何获取用户的位置信息，并基于位置信息提供服务。 13. **CSS3样式Web表单和视图**：教授如何使用CSS3的新特性来提升网页的视觉效果和用户体验。此外，书中还包括了HTML5学习资源的附录，为读者提供了进一步学习的途径。通过这本书，ASP.NET开发者可以掌握HTML5的核心技能，从而开发出跨浏览器、面向未来的Web应用程序。

chapter 1 n overview of htML5 and asp.net 4.5

As you can see in Figure 1-6, IE9 on Windows 7 scores 138 points out of 500. You can also check how

other browsers score. Figure 1-7 shows a feature comparison between Firefox 11, Chrome 18, and Opera

12.

Figure 1-6. http://html5test.com browser score

chapter 1 n overview of htML5 and asp.net 4.5

code that detects the browser and its HTML5 support at runtime; then, based on the result, your web page

should either use those features or use some alternative.

You can manually add JavaScript code that performs various tests to detect whether a particular

HTML5 feature is supported by the target browser, but testing and managing such code is too complex

because there are so many things to check for. Luckily, utility libraries are available that make your life

easy. One such popular utility library is Modernizr. Modernizr is an open source JavaScript library that

helps you build HTML5- and CSS3-powered web sites. To use the Modernizr library, you ﬁrst need to

download the development version or production version from http://modernizr.com. Unless you wish to

debug a script, the production version is recommended due to its compact size. You can also specify which

feature tests you would like to include in the library. The downloaded Modernizr library can then be used

in your web pages for feature detection.

To give you can idea of how Modernizr can be used, let’s develop a simple web page—

HelloModernizr.htm—and test for a few HTML5 features. Listing 1-3 shows the complete HTML markup of

HelloModernizr.htm.

Listing 1-3. Detecting Features Using Modernizr

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Welcome to HTML5</title>

$(document).ready(function () {

if (Modernizr.audio) {

$(“#Message”).append(“Your browser supports the HTML5 audio tag. <br/>”);

}

if (Modernizr.video) {

$(“#Message”).append(“Your browser supports the HTML5 video tag. <br/>”);

}

if (Modernizr.canvas) {

$(“#Message”).append(“Your browser supports the HTML5 canvas tag. <br/>”);

}

if (Modernizr.draganddrop) {

$(“#Message”).append(“Your browser supports HTML5 drag-anddrop. <br/>”);

}

});

</script>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Hello HTML5!</h1>

</body>

</html>

As you can see, HelloModernizr.htm includes two JavaScript libraries in the head section. The ﬁrst

tests for four HTML5 features: audio, video, canvas, and drag-and-drop. The feature-detection code runs

when the page is loaded in the browser. Notice the use of the Modernizr object, which has various

chapter 1 n overview of htML5 and asp.net 4.5

As you can see, ASP.NET is part of the overall .NET Framework and relies heavily on .NET Framework

base class libraries. On the top of the .NET Framework, ASP.NET provides features and services that are

speciﬁc to web applications. These features and services include authentication, authorization,

membership, role management, and proﬁle management, all of which can be consumed in ASP.NET web

sites and services. The two prominent ways of building ASP.NET web sites are Web Forms and MVC

applications. To develop services, you can use ASMX web services (available since version 1.0 of ASP.NET)

or other better options such as Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) services and the Web API.

Figure 1-9 shows that Web Forms and MVC views are going to use of HTML5. At ﬁrst glance, you may

think the use of HTML5 is restricted to the display part of an ASP.NET application. Although the user

interface is where you use HTML5 heavily, the integration goes deeper. Figure 1-10 shows the integration

between HTML5 and ASP.NET.

Figure 1-10. HTML5 and ASP.NET interaction

The ASP.NET server-side infrastructure sends HTML5 markup to the browser when a request is

received. The ASP.NET server-side infrastructure consists of code in a web form code ﬁle or MVC

controller. Most real-world web applications use data residing in a data store such as SQL Server. To access

this business data, you can use a combination of ADO.NET and Plain Old CLR Objects (POCOs) or Entity

Framework.

When the ASP.NET server-side infrastructure sends HTML5 markup to the client browser, the browser

renders the user interface and allows the end user to work with the page. Many HTML5 features

mentioned earlier expose programmable APIs that can be consumed using JavaScript code. The JavaScript

code can, in turn, talk with the server to retrieve data or conﬁguration needed for processing. For example,

suppose you let the end user plot a simple bar graph in the browser using the HTML5 canvas API. After the

graph is ﬁnished, you may want the user to save its data and related information to a database. This

requires transfer of data from the client browser to the server. To facilitate this data transfer, you can use

jQuery and send an Ajax request to a piece of server-side code. The server-side code then saves the data

into a database.

Some features of HTML5 may not need any server-side interaction once the page is rendered. For

example, you can display an HTML <form> that uses the new <input> types such as Email and URL. Doing so

doesn’t require any talk-back with the server.

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