Oracle XML DB Developer's Guide 11g Release 2: 存储与处理XML数据

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"Oracle XML DB Developer's Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2)-956" Oracle XML DB Developer's Guide 是针对 Oracle 数据库的一款详细开发指南，专为处理 XML 数据而设计。该指南涵盖了11g Release 2（11.2）版本的相关内容，提供给开发者在 Oracle 数据库中存储、生成、访问、搜索、验证、转换、演化和索引 XML 数据的准则和实例。 Oracle XML DB 是 Oracle 数据库内置的一个组件，它允许数据库以原生方式存储 XML 数据，提供高效的数据管理功能，并支持 XML 标准。以下是一些关键知识点： 1. **XML 存储**：Oracle XML DB 支持直接将 XML 文档作为二进制大型对象（BLOBs）或字符大型对象（CLOBs）存储在数据库中。这提供了对 XML 数据的透明访问和处理，同时也允许进行数据完整性检查。 2. **XMLType 数据类型**：Oracle 引入了 XMLType 数据类型，用于表示和操作 XML 数据。XMLType 表可以存储单个 XML 文档，也可以存储结构化的 XML 集合。 3. **XMLIndexing**：Oracle 提供了多种类型的 XML 索引，包括路径索引、元素集索引、结构索引和基于内容的索引，以加速 XML 数据的查询和检索。 4. **XML 查询**：通过 SQL/PLSQL，开发者可以直接查询 XML 数据，使用 XPath 或 XQuery 表达式来定位和操作 XML 节点。 5. **XML Validation**：Oracle XML DB 支持 DTD 和 XML Schema 的验证，确保 XML 数据符合预定义的结构和约束。 6. **XML Transformation**：利用 XSLT，可以将 XML 数据转换成其他格式，如 HTML 或 PDF，用于报告和展示。 7. **XML 元数据**：Oracle XML DB 也允许存储和管理与 XML 文档相关的元数据，增强数据管理和发现。 8. **Web Services**：与 Oracle UDDI（统一描述、发现和集成）服务结合，Oracle XML DB 可用于构建和管理 Web 服务。 9. **性能优化**：文档分片、并行处理和内存缓存等特性可提高大规模 XML 数据处理的性能。 10. **安全**：Oracle 数据库的安全机制，如角色、权限和加密，同样适用于 XML 数据，确保数据的安全性。此指南是 Oracle 开发者的重要参考资料，它详细解释了如何利用 Oracle XML DB 的各项功能，以及如何在实际项目中实施和优化 XML 数据处理。通过深入阅读和实践，开发者能够有效地利用 Oracle 数据库处理和管理 XML 数据。

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xvi

Policy Example: User-Defined Lexer ........................................................................... 12-20

Policy Defaults........................................................................................................................ 12-21

Performance of ora:contains........................................................................................................ 12-22

Use a Primary Filter in the Query........................................................................................ 12-22

XPath Rewrite and CONTEXT Indexes.............................................................................. 12-23

Text Path BNF Specification.............................................................................................................. 12-25

Support for Full-Text XML Examples.............................................................................................. 12-26

Purchase-Order XML Document, po001.xml............................................................................ 12-26

CREATE TABLE Statements ....................................................................................................... 12-27

Purchase-Order XML Schema for Full-Text Search Examples............................................... 12-29

Part III Using XMLType APIs

13 PL/SQL APIs for XMLType

Overview of PL/SQL APIs for XMLType.......................................................................................... 13-1

API Features..................................................................................................................................... 13-1

Lazy Loading of XML Data (Lazy Manifestation) .............................................................. 13-2

XMLType Data Type Supports XML Schema...................................................................... 13-2

XMLType Supports Data in Different Character Sets ........................................................ 13-2

PL/SQL DOM API for XMLType (DBMS_XMLDOM).................................................................. 13-3

Overview of the W3C Document Object Model (DOM) Recommendation........................... 13-3

Oracle XML Developer's Kit Extensions to the W3C DOM Standard ............................. 13-3

Supported W3C DOM Recommendations........................................................................... 13-3

Difference Between DOM and SAX ...................................................................................... 13-4

PL/SQL DOM API for XMLType (DBMS_XMLDOM): Features............................................ 13-4

XML Schema Support.............................................................................................................. 13-4

Enhanced Performance ........................................................................................................... 13-5

Designing End-to-End Applications using Oracle XML Developer's Kit and Oracle XML DB.....

13-5

Preparing XML Data to Use the PL/SQL DOM API for XMLType ....................................... 13-6

Defining an XML Schema Mapping to SQL Object Types........................................................ 13-6

DOM Fidelity for XML Schema Mapping............................................................................ 13-7

Wrapping Existing Data into XML with XMLType Views....................................................... 13-7

DBMS_XMLDOM Methods Supported....................................................................................... 13-7

PL/SQL DOM API for XMLType: Node Types ......................................................................... 13-8

Working with XML Schema-Based Data..................................................................................... 13-9

DOM NodeList and NamedNodeMap Objects .......................................................................... 13-9

Using the PL/SQL DOM API for XMLType (DBMS_XMLDOM)......................................... 13-10

PL/SQL DOM API for XMLType – Examples.......................................................................... 13-10

Large Node Handling using DBMS_XMLDOM ...................................................................... 13-12

Get-Push Model............................................................................................................................. 13-14

Get-Pull Model .............................................................................................................................. 13-15

Set-Pull Model ............................................................................................................................... 13-16

Set-Push Model.............................................................................................................................. 13-17

Determining Binary Stream or Character Stream .................................................................... 13-19

PL/SQL Parser API for XMLType (DBMS_XMLPARSER).......................................................... 13-19

Features of the PL/SQL Parser API for XMLType................................................................... 13-19

xvii

Using the PL/SQL Parser API for XMLType (DBMS_XMLPARSER) .................................. 13-19

PL/SQL XSLT Processor for XMLType (DBMS_XSLPROCESSOR) ......................................... 13-20

Enabling Transformations and Conversions with XSLT......................................................... 13-21

PL/SQL XSLT Processor for XMLType: Features.................................................................... 13-21

Using the PL/SQL XSLT Processor API for XMLType (DBMS_XSLPROCESSOR) ........... 13-21

PL/SQL Translation API for XMLType (DBMS_XMLTRANSLATIONS)................................ 13-23

DBMS_XMLTRANSLATIONS Methods................................................................................... 13-24

14 PL/SQL Package DBMS_XMLSTORE

Overview of PL/SQL Package DBMS_XMLSTORE....................................................................... 14-1

Using Package DBMS_XMLSTORE.................................................................................................. 14-1

Inserting with DBMS_XMLSTORE .................................................................................................. 14-2

Updating with DBMS_XMLSTORE.................................................................................................. 14-4

Deleting with DBMS_XMLSTORE ................................................................................................... 14-5

15 Java DOM API for XMLType

Overview of Java DOM API for XMLType ...................................................................................... 15-1

Java DOM API for XMLType .............................................................................................................. 15-1

Accessing XMLType Data using JDBC........................................................................................ 15-2

Using XMLType Data with JDBC.......................................................................................... 15-2

How Java Applications Use JDBC to Access XML Documents in Oracle XML DB....... 15-2

Manipulating XML Database Documents using JDBC ............................................................. 15-4

Loading a Large XML Document into the Database using JDBC.............................................. 15-11

Java DOM API for XMLType Features............................................................................................ 15-13

Creating XML Schema-Based Documents................................................................................. 15-13

JDBC or SQLJ.......................................................................................................................... 15-14

Java DOM API for XMLType Classes.............................................................................................. 15-14

Java Methods That Are Deprecated or Not Supported ........................................................... 15-15

Using the Java DOM API for XMLType.................................................................................... 15-16

Handling Large Nodes using Java ................................................................................................... 15-16

Stream Extensions to Java DOM................................................................................................. 15-17

Get-Pull Model ....................................................................................................................... 15-17

Get-Push Model...................................................................................................................... 15-18

Set-Pull Model ........................................................................................................................ 15-18

Set-Push Model ...................................................................................................................... 15-19

Using the Java DOM API and JDBC with Binary XML............................................................... 15-20

16 Using the C API for XML

Overview of the C API for XML (Oracle XDK and Oracle XML DB)......................................... 16-1

Using OCI and the C API for XML with Oracle XML DB............................................................. 16-2

Accessing XMLType Data Stored in the Database..................................................................... 16-2

Creating XMLType Instances on the Client ................................................................................ 16-2

XML Context Parameter for C DOM API Functions ...................................................................... 16-2

OCIXmlDbInitXmlCtx() Syntax .................................................................................................... 16-2

OCIXmlDbFreeXmlCtx() Syntax................................................................................................... 16-3

Initializing and Terminating an XML Context ................................................................................ 16-3

xviii

Using the C API for XML with Binary XML.................................................................................... 16-6

Using the Oracle XML Developer's Kit Pull Parser with Oracle XML DB ................................ 16-9

Common XMLType Operations in C ............................................................................................... 16-14

17 Using Oracle Data Provider for .NET with Oracle XML DB

ODP.NET XML Support and Oracle XML DB................................................................................. 17-1

ODP.NET Sample Code........................................................................................................................ 17-1

Part IV Viewing Existing Data as XML

18 Generating XML Data from the Database

Overview of Generating XML Data From Oracle Database ......................................................... 18-1

Generating XML using SQL Functions............................................................................................. 18-2

XMLELEMENT and XMLATTRIBUTES SQL/XML Functions............................................... 18-3

Escaping Characters in Generated XML Data ..................................................................... 18-4

Formatting of XML Dates and Timestamps......................................................................... 18-5

XMLElement Examples........................................................................................................... 18-5

XMLFOREST SQL/XML Function .............................................................................................. 18-9

XMLCONCAT SQL/XML Function .......................................................................................... 18-11

XMLAGG SQL/XML Function................................................................................................... 18-12

XMLPI SQL/XML Function ........................................................................................................ 18-15

XMLCOMMENT SQL/XML Function ...................................................................................... 18-16

XMLSERIALIZE SQL/XML Function ....................................................................................... 18-16

XMLPARSE SQL/XML Function ............................................................................................... 18-17

XMLROOT Oracle SQL Function ............................................................................................... 18-18

XMLCOLATTVAL Oracle SQL Function.................................................................................. 18-19

XMLCDATA Oracle SQL Function............................................................................................ 18-21

Generating XML using DBMS_XMLGEN ..................................................................................... 18-21

Using PL/SQL Package DBMS_XMLGEN ............................................................................... 18-22

Functions and Procedures of Package DBMS_XMLGEN ....................................................... 18-23

DBMS_XMLGEN Examples ........................................................................................................ 18-28

SYS_XMLGEN Oracle SQL Function.............................................................................................. 18-46

Advantages of using Oracle SQL Function SYS_XMLGEN ................................................... 18-47

Using XMLFormat Object Type.................................................................................................. 18-47

SYS_XMLAGG Oracle SQL Function............................................................................................. 18-54

Guidelines for Generating XML with Oracle XML DB............................................................... 18-54

Ordering Query Results Before Aggregating, using XMLAGG ORDER BY Clause .......... 18-54

Returning a Rowset using XMLTABLE..................................................................................... 18-55

19 XMLType Views

What Are XMLType Views?................................................................................................................. 19-1

Creating XMLType Views: Syntax ............................................................................................... 19-2

Creating Non-Schema-Based XMLType Views ............................................................................... 19-2

Creating Non-Schema-Based XMLType Views using SQL/XML Publishing Functions .... 19-3

Creating Non-Schema-Based XMLType Views using Object Types and SYS_XMLGEN.... 19-3

Creating XML Schema-Based XMLType Views .............................................................................. 19-4

xix

Creating XML Schema-Based XMLType Views using SQL/XML Publishing Functions.... 19-4

Using Namespaces with SQL/XML Publishing Functions............................................... 19-7

Creating XML Schema-Based XMLType Views using Object Types or Object Views ....... 19-11

Creating XMLType Employee View, with Nested Department Information............... 19-11

Step 1. Create Object Types .......................................................................................... 19-12

Step 2. Create and Register XML Schema emp_complex.xsd .................................. 19-12

Step 3a. Create XMLType View emp_xml using Object Type emp_t..................... 19-14

Step 3b. Create XMLType View emp_xml using Object View emp_v ................... 19-14

Creating XMLType Department View, with Nested Employee Information............... 19-14

Step 1. Create Object Types .......................................................................................... 19-14

Step 2. Register XML Schema dept_complex.xsd ...................................................... 19-15

Step 3a. Create XMLType View dept_xml using Object Type dept_t .................... 19-16

Step 3b. Create XMLType View dept_xml using Relational Data Directly ........... 19-16

Creating XMLType Views from XMLType Tables......................................................................... 19-17

Referencing XMLType View Objects using SQL Function REF ................................................ 19-18

DML (Data Manipulation Language) on XMLType Views......................................................... 19-18

20 Accessing Data Through URIs

Overview of Oracle XML DB URL Features .................................................................................... 20-1

URIs and URLs ...................................................................................................................................... 20-1

URIType and its Subtypes.................................................................................................................. 20-2

DBUris and XDBUris – What For?................................................................................................ 20-3

URIType Methods........................................................................................................................... 20-4

HTTPURIType PL/SQL Method GETCONTENTTYPE() ................................................. 20-5

DBURIType PL/SQL Method GETCONTENTTYPE() ...................................................... 20-5

DBURIType PL/SQL Method GETCLOB() ......................................................................... 20-6

DBURIType PL/SQL Method GETBLOB().......................................................................... 20-6

Accessing Data using URIType Instances ........................................................................................ 20-6

XDBUris: Pointers to Repository Resources .................................................................................. 20-10

XDBUri URI Syntax ...................................................................................................................... 20-10

XDBUri Examples ......................................................................................................................... 20-10

DBUris: Pointers to Database Data.................................................................................................. 20-12

Viewing the Database as XML Data........................................................................................... 20-12

DBUri URI Syntax ......................................................................................................................... 20-14

DBUris are Scoped to a Database and Session.......................................................................... 20-15

DBUri Examples............................................................................................................................ 20-16

Targeting a Table.................................................................................................................... 20-16

Targeting a Row in a Table................................................................................................... 20-17

Targeting a Column............................................................................................................... 20-17

Retrieving the Text Value of a Column .............................................................................. 20-18

Targeting a Collection ........................................................................................................... 20-19

Creating New Subtypes of URIType using Package URIFACTORY ....................................... 20-20

Registering New URIType Subtypes with Package URIFACTORY ..................................... 20-20

SYS_DBURIGEN SQL Function ...................................................................................................... 20-22

Rules for Passing Columns or Object Attributes to SYS_DBURIGEN.................................. 20-23

SYS_DBURIGEN SQL Function: Examples............................................................................... 20-24

Returning Partial Results...................................................................................................... 20-24

RETURNING URLs to Inserted Objects............................................................................. 20-25

DBUriServlet........................................................................................................................................ 20-26

Overriding the MIME Type using a URL.................................................................................. 20-27

Customizing DBUriServlet .......................................................................................................... 20-27

DBUriServlet Security................................................................................................................... 20-28

Configuring Package URIFACTORY to Handle DBUris ........................................................ 20-29

Part V Oracle XML DB Repository

21 Accessing Oracle XML DB Repository Data

Overview of Oracle XML DB Repository......................................................................................... 21-1

Two Ways to Access Oracle XML DB Repository Resources ................................................... 21-3

Repository Terminology and Supplied Resources ......................................................................... 21-3

Repository Terminology ................................................................................................................ 21-3

Supplied Files and Folders............................................................................................................. 21-4

Oracle XML DB Repository Resources ............................................................................................. 21-5

Where Is Repository Data Stored?................................................................................................ 21-5

Names of Generated Tables ................................................................................................... 21-5

Defining Structured Storage for Resources.......................................................................... 21-6

Oracle ASM Virtual Folder..................................................................................................... 21-6

Path-Name Resolution.................................................................................................................... 21-6

Link Types........................................................................................................................................ 21-7

Repository and Document Links........................................................................................... 21-7

Hard Links and Weak Links .................................................................................................. 21-7

Creating a Weak Link with No Knowledge of Folder Hierarchy..................................... 21-8

Restricting Multiple Hard Links............................................................................................ 21-9

Navigational or Path Access to Repository Resources................................................................... 21-9

Accessing Oracle XML DB Resources using Internet Protocols............................................. 21-10

Where You Can Use Oracle XML DB Protocol Access..................................................... 21-11

Using Protocol Access ........................................................................................................... 21-11

Retrieving Oracle XML DB Resources ................................................................................ 21-11

Storing Oracle XML DB Resources...................................................................................... 21-11

Using Internet Protocols and XMLType: XMLType Direct Stream Write..................... 21-12

Accessing Oracle ASM Files using Protocols and Resource APIs – For DBAs.................... 21-12

Query-Based Access to Repository Resources............................................................................... 21-13

Servlet Access to Repository Resources.......................................................................................... 21-14

Operations on Repository Resources .............................................................................................. 21-14

22 Configuring Oracle XML DB Repository

Resource Configuration Files Configure a Resource .................................................................... 22-1

Configuring a Resource........................................................................................................................ 22-2

Common Configuration Parameters.................................................................................................. 22-3

Configuration Element ResConfig................................................................................................ 22-3

Configuration Element defaultChildConfig ............................................................................... 22-3

Configuration Element applicationData...................................................................................... 22-4

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