DASH-IF互通性点实施指南：高质量视频分发标准

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"DASH-IF Interoperability Points的实施指南" DASH-IF Interoperability Points（IOP）是数字音频和视频分发标准的重要组成部分，尤其在提供高质量的流媒体服务方面。这个文档（版本4.3）是基于DASH Industry Forum（DASH-IF）制定的，目的是促进不同系统之间的互操作性，确保使用H.264/AVC和H.265/HEVC编码的视频内容能够高效、稳定地在各种OTT（Over The Top）服务上播放。 IOPs的范围涵盖了多种应用场景，包括但不限于： 1. **点播服务**：用户可以根据需求选择并观看预先上传的视频内容。 2. **直播服务**：实时传输的视频流，如体育赛事、新闻直播等。 3. **广告插入**：在视频内容中无缝嵌入广告，提高收益。 4. **快进/快退（trick modes）**：允许用户快速浏览视频，例如快进、快退、暂停和播放。 5. **预览功能（seek preview）**：在用户选择播放位置时提供预览，增强用户体验。 6. **内容保护**：通过加密和其他安全措施保护版权内容，防止非法复制或分享。 7. **字幕支持**：为听障或非母语观众提供字幕服务。文档中还提到了对多声道音频和下一代音频的支持，这可能涉及到不同的编解码器，如AAC、杜比全景声等。此外，还包含了针对不同视频编码（如VP9、AV1）以及超高清（Ultra High Definition，UHD）视频的扩展，以满足更高清晰度的需求。如果发现任何错误或缺失的功能，用户可以通过DASH-IF的问题追踪系统（https://gitreports.com/issue/Dash-Industry-Forum/DASH-IF-IOP）提交报告。值得注意的是，虽然版本4.3作为4.2版的补充发布，但预计在下一个版本中，将会进行重大的编辑更新，可能采用多部分版本或重构的版本形式。 DASH（Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP）是一种适应性流媒体技术，它根据网络条件动态调整视频质量，确保流畅播放。DASH-IF是一个由业界主要参与者组成的论坛，致力于推动DASH标准的发展和实现跨平台的互操作性。这份指南是开发者、服务商和内容提供商的重要参考，有助于他们构建和优化符合DASH标准的系统，提供优质的流媒体服务。

DASH-IF Interoperability Points V4.2

References

Notes:

1) If appropriate, the references refer to specific versions of the specifications. However, implementers are

encouraged to check later versions of the same specification, if available. Such versions may provide

further clarifications and corrections. However, new features added in new versions of specifications are

not added automatically.

2) Specifications not yet officially available are marked in italics.

3) Specifications considered informative only are marked in Arial

[1] DASH-IF DASH-264/AVC Interoperability Points, version 1.0, available at

http://dashif.org/w/2013/06/DASH-AVC-264-base-v1.03.pdf

[2] DASH-IF DASH-264/AVC Interoperability Points, version 2.0, available at

http://dashif.org/w/2013/08/DASH-AVC-264-v2.00-hd-mca.pdf

[3] ISO/IEC 23009-1:2012/Cor.1:2013 Information technology -- Dynamic adaptive stream-

ing over HTTP (DASH) -- Part 1: Media presentation description and segment formats.

Note: this document is superseded by reference [4], but maintained as the initial version of

this document is provided in the above reference.

[4] ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014 Information technology -- Dynamic adaptive streaming over

HTTP (DASH) -- Part 1: Media presentation description and segment formats. Including:

• ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014/Cor 1:2015

• ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014/Cor 2:2017

• ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014/Amd 1:2015 High Profile and Availability Time

Synchronization

• ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014/Amd 2:2015 Spatial relationship description, gen-

eralized URL parameters and other extensions

• ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014/Amd 3:2016 Authentication, MPD linking,

Callback Event, Period Continuity and other Extensions.

• ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014/DAmd 4:2016 Segment Independent SAP Signal-

ling (SISSI), MPD chaining, MPD reset and other extensions.

All the above is expected to be rolled into a third edition of ISO/IEC 23009-1 as:

• ISO/IEC 23009-1:2018 Information technology -- Dynamic adaptive

streaming over HTTP (DASH) -- Part 1: Media presentation description and

segment formats. [Note: Expected to be published by end of 2018. The draft third edi-

tion is available in the MPEG document m44441.]

In addition, the following documents are under preparation in MPEG:

• ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014/DCor 3:2018 [Note: Expected to be published by mid of

2019. The study of the COR is available as an output document w17951.]

• ISO/IEC 23009-1:2014/DAmd 5:2018 Device Information and other exten-

sions. 2018 [Note: Expected to be published by mid of 2019. The DAM is available as

an output document w18057.]

DASH-IF Interoperability Points V4.2

[5] ISO/IEC 23009-2:2014: Information technology -- Dynamic adaptive streaming

over HTTP (DASH) -- Part 2: Conformance and Reference.

[6] ISO/IEC 23009-3:2014: Information technology -- Dynamic adaptive streaming

over HTTP (DASH) -- Part 3: Implementation Guidelines.

[7] ISO/IEC 14496-12:2015 Information technology -- Coding of audio-visual objects -- Part

12: ISO base media file format. This also includes amendments and corrigendas, for de-

tails see here: https://www.iso.org/standard/68960.html

[8] ITU-T Recommendation H.264 (04/2017): "Advanced video coding for generic audiovis-

ual services" | ISO/IEC 14496-10:2010: "Information technology – Coding of audio-vis-

ual objects – Part 10: Advanced Video Coding".

[9] ISO/IEC 14496-15:2017:2015: Information technology -- Coding of audio-visual objects

-- Part 15: Carriage of network abstraction layer (NAL) unit structured video in ISO base

media file format.

[10] IETF RFC 6381, The 'Codecs' and 'Profiles' Parameters for "Bucket" Media Types, Au-

gust 2011.

[11] ISO/IEC 14496-3:2009 - Information technology -- Coding of audio-visual objects -- Part

3: Audio with Corrigendum 1:2009, Corrigendum 2:2011, Corrigendum 3:2012, Amend-

ment 1:2009, Amendment 2:2010, Amendment 3:2012, and Amendment 4:2014.

[12] ISO/IEC 14496-14:2003/Amd 1:2010 Information technology -- Coding of audio-visual

objects -- Part 14: The MP4 File Format

[13] 3GPP (2005-01-04). "ETSI TS 126 401 V6.1.0 (2004-12) - Universal Mobile Tel-

ecommunications System (UMTS); General audio codec audio processing func-

tions; Enhanced aacPlus general audio codec; General description (3GPP TS

26.401 version 6.1.0 Release 6)"

[14] ANSI/CEA-708-E: Digital Television (DTV) Closed Captioning, August 2013

[15] 3GPP TS 26.245: "Transparent end-to-end Packet switched Streaming Service

(PSS); Timed text format"

[16] W3C Timed Text Markup Language 1 (TTML1) (Second Edition) 24 September 2013.

[17] SMPTE ST 2052-1:2013 "Timed Text Format (SMPTE-TT)",

https://www.smpte.org/standards

[18] W3C WebVTT - The Web Video Text Tracks,— http://dev.w3.org/html5/webvtt/

[19] ITU-T Recommendation H.265 (02/2018): "Advanced video coding for generic audiovis-

ual services" | ISO/IEC 23008-2:2015/Amd 1:2015: " High Efficiency Coding and Media

Delivery in Heterogeneous Environments – Part 2: High Efficiency Video Coding",

downloadable here: http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-H.265

[20] EBU Tech 3350, "EBU-TT, Part 1, Subtitling format definition", July 2012,

http://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3350.pdf?vers=1.0

[21] IETF RFC 7230, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Message Syntax and Routing,

June 2014.

[22] IETF RFC 7231, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics and Content, June

2014.

DASH-IF Interoperability Points V4.2

[23] IETF RFC 7232, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Conditional Requests, June

2014.

[24] IETF RFC 7233, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Range Requests, June 2014.

[25] IETF RFC 7234, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Caching, June 2014.

[26] IETF RFC 7235, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Authentication, June 2014.

[27] SMPTE RP 2052-10-2013: Conversion from CEA-608 Data to SMPTE-TT

https://www.smpte.org/standards

[28] SMPTE RP 2052-11-2013: Conversion from CEA 708 to SMPTE-TT

https://www.smpte.org/standards

[29] ISO/IEC 14496-30:2014, "Timed Text and Other Visual Overlays in ISO Base Media

File Format". Including:

ISO/IEC 14496-30:2014, Cor 1:2015

ISO/IEC 14496-30:2014, Cor 2:2016

[30] ISO/IEC 23001-7:2016: "Information technology -- MPEG systems technologies -- Part

7: Common encryption in ISO base media file format files".

[31] DASH Industry Forum, Test Cases and Test Vectors: http://testassets.dashif.org/.

[32] DASH Industry Forum, "Guidelines for Implementation: DASH-AVC/264 Conformance

Software", http://dashif.org/conformance.html.

[33] DASH Identifiers Repository, available here: http://dashif.org/identifiers

[34] DTS 9302J81100, “Implementation of DTS

Audio in Media Files Based on ISO/IEC

14496”, http://www.dts.com/professionals/resources/resource-cen-

ter.aspxhttp://www.dts.com/professionals/resources/resource-center.aspx

[35] ETSI TS 102 366 v1.2.1, Digital Audio Compression (AC-3, Enhanced AC-3) Standard

(2008-08)

[36] MLP (Dolby TrueHD) streams within the ISO Base Media File Format, version 1.0, Sep-

tember 2009.

[37] ETSI TS 102 114 v1.3.1 (2011-08), “DTS Coherent Acoustics; Core and Extensions with

Additional Profiles”

[38] ISO/IEC 23003-1:2007 - Information technology -- MPEG audio technologies -- Part 1:

MPEG Surround

[39] DTS 9302K62400, “Implementation of DTS Audio in Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over

HTTP (DASH)”, http://www.dts.com/professionals/resources/resource-center.aspx

[40] IETF RFC5905, "Network Time Protocol Version 4: Protocol and Algorithms Specifica-

tion," June 2010.

[41] IETF RFC 6265: "HTTP State Management Mechanism", April 2011.

[42] ETSI TS 103 285 v.1.1.1: "MPEG-DASH Profile for Transport of ISO BMFF Based DVB

Services over IP Based Networks".

[43] ANSI/SCTE 128-1 2013: "AVC Video Constraints for Cable Television, Part 1 - Cod-

ing", available here: http://www.scte.org/documents/pdf/Stand-

ards/ANSI_SCTE%20128-1%202013.pdf

DASH-IF Interoperability Points V4.2

[44] IETF RFC 2119, "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels",

April 1997.

[45] ISO: “ISO 639.2, Code for the Representation of Names of Languages — Part 2: alpha-3

code,” as maintained by the ISO 639/Joint Advisory Committee (ISO 639/JAC),

http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/iso639jac.html; JAC home page:

http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/iso639jac.html; ISO 639.2 standard online:

http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html.

[46] CEA-608-E, Line 21 Data Service, March 2008.

[47] IETF RFC 5234, “Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF”, January 2008.

[48] SMPTE ST 2086:2014, “Mastering Display Color Volume Metadata Supporting High

Luminance And Wide Color Gamut Images”

[49] ISO/IEC 23001-8:2016, “Information technology -- MPEG systems technologies -- Part

8: Coding-independent code points”, available here: http://standards.iso.org/ittf/Public-

lyAvailableStandards/c069661_ISO_IEC_23001-8_2016.zip

[50] IETF RFC 7164, “RTP and Leap Seconds”, March 2014.

[51] void

[52] IAB Video Multiple Ad Playlist (VMAP), available at http://www.iab.net/me-

dia/file/VMAPv1.0.pdf

[53] IAB Video Ad Serving Template (VAST), available at http://www.iab.net/me-

dia/file/VASTv3.0.pdf

[54] ANSI/SCTE 35 2015, Digital Program Insertion Cueing Message for Cable

[55] ANSI/SCTE 67 2014, Recommended Practice for SCTE 35 Digital Program Insertion

Cueing Message for Cable

[56] ANSI/SCTE 214-1, MPEG DASH for IP-Based Cable Services, Part 1: MPD Constraints

and Extensions

[57] ANSI/SCTE 214-3, MPEG DASH for IP-Based Cable Services, Part 3: DASH/FF Profile

[58] EIDR ID Format - EIDR: ID Format, v1.2, March 2014, available at http://eidr.org/doc-

uments/EIDR_ID_Format_v1.2.pdf

[59] Common Metadata, TR-META-CM, ver. 2.0, January 3, 2013, available at

http://www.movielabs.com/md/md/v2.0/Common_Metadata_v2.0.pdf

[60] IETF RFC 4648, "The Base16, Base32, and Base64 Data Encodings", October 2006.

[61] W3C TTML Profiles for Internet Media Subtitles and Captions 1.0 (IMSC1), Editor’s

Draft 03 August 2015, available at: https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/ttml/raw-file/tip/ttml-ww-pro-

files/ttml-ww-profiles.html

[62] W3C TTML Profile Registry, available at: https://www.w3.org/wiki/TTML/CodecsReg-

istry

[63] ETSI TS 103 190-1 v1.2.1, “Digital Audio Compression (AC-4); Part 1: Channel based

coding”.

[64] ISO/IEC 23008-3:2018, Information technology -- High efficiency coding and media de-

livery in heterogeneous environments -- Part 3: 3D audio.

DASH-IF Interoperability Points V4.2

[65] IETF RFC 5246, “The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol, Version 1.2”, August

2008.

[66] IETF RFC 4337, “MIME Type Registration for MPEG-4”, March 2006.

[67] SMPTE: “Digital Object Identifier (DOI) Name and Entertainment ID Registry (EIDR)

Identifier Representations,” RP 2079-2013, Society of Motion Picture and Television En-

gineers, 2013.

[68] SMPTE: “Advertising Digital Identifier (Ad-ID®) Representations,” RP 2092-1, Society

of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, 2015.

[69] W3C Encrypted Media Extensions - https://www.w3.org/TR/encrypted-media/.

[70] void

[71] SMPTE ST 2084:2014, “Mastering Display Color Volume Metadata Supporting High

Luminance and Wide Color Gamut Images”

[72] ISO/IEC 23001-8:2013, “Information technology -- MPEG systems technologies -- Part

8: Coding-independent code points”, available here: http://standards.iso.org/ittf/Public-

lyAvailableStandards/c062088_ISO_IEC_23001-8_2013.zip

[73] Recommendation ITU-R BT.709-6 (06/2015): "Parameter values for the HDTV standards

for production and international programme exchange".

[74] Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020-1 (06/2014): "Parameter values for ultra-high defini-

tion television systems for production and international programme exchange".

[75] ETSI TS 101 154 v2.2.1 (06/2015): "Specification for the use of Video and Audio

Coding in Broadcasting Applications based on the MPEG-2 Transport Stream."

[76] ETSI TS 103 285 v1.1.1 (05/2015): "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); MPEG-DASH

Profile for Transport of ISO BMFF Based DVB Services over IP Based Networks.”

[77] 3GPP TS 26.116 (03/2016): "Television (TV) over 3GPP services; Video Pro-

files.”

[78] DECE (05/2015): “Common File Format & Media Formats Specification”,

http://uvcentral.com/sites/default/files/files/PublicSpecs/CFFMediaFormat-

2_2.pdf

[79] Ultra HD Forum: Phase A Guidelines, version 1.1, July 2015

[80] Recommendation ITU-R BT.2100-1 (07/2016): "Image parameter values for high dy-

namic range television for use in production and international programme exchange".

[81] SMPTE ST 2086:2014, “Mastering Display Color Volume Metadata Supporting High

Luminance And Wide Color Gamut Images”

[82] SMPTE ST 2094-1:2016, “Dynamic Metadata for Color Volume Transform – Core

Components”

[83] SMPTE ST 2094-10:2016, “Dynamic Metadata for Color Volume Transform – Appli-

cation #1”

[84] Recommendation ITU-R BT.1886: “Reference electro-optical transfer function for flat

panel displays used in HDTV studio production”

[85] ETSI DGS/CCM-001 GS CCM 001 “Compound Content Management”

[86] VP9 Bitstream & Decoding Process Specification. https://storage.goog-

leapis.com/downloads.webmproject.org/docs/vp9/vp9-bitstream-specification-v0.6-

20160331-draft.pdf

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