无菌中微子模型：宇宙学与MiniBooNE实验的碰撞

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"这篇论文探讨了宇宙学上可行的eV无菌中微子模型，以解释MiniBooNE合作组近期报告中的电子和反电子中微子过量现象，该现象与先前的LSND异常相符。如果这些观测结果得到进一步实验的确认，将对粒子物理学的标准模型产生重大影响，因为这可能需要引入至少一种轻质量的无菌中微子。然而，标准模型中的无菌中微子与当前的宇宙学观测并不一致。为解决这一矛盾，作者提出了一种创新建议，即在标准模型中引入一个秘密部门，该部门与无菌中微子相互作用，并通过规范的跷跷板机制为活动中微子和无菌中微子生成微小质量。这种机制还有额外的好处，例如它可以解释稀有的轻子衰变，容纳μ-2μ子转换，并且其包含的标量单重态可以驱动膨胀而不引起不一致问题。该研究发表在Physics Letters B 800 (2020) 135135中，是开放获取的，可供公众查阅。" 文章的核心内容集中在无菌中微子的存在性和其在粒子物理学与宇宙学中的协调问题。无菌中微子是一种不与标准模型中的任何已知粒子直接相互作用的中微子，它们仅通过量子力学的振荡效应与已知的三种中微子类型相互作用。LSND（Los Alamos National Laboratory的Soudan Underground Laboratory）和MiniBooNE的实验数据暗示了可能存在这种额外的中微子种类。为了在理论框架内容纳这些观测，作者提出了一个秘密领域的概念，这个领域只与无菌中微子发生相互作用。这个机制称为跷跷板机制，它允许通过与标准模型粒子的交互来生成无菌中微子的微小质量，同时保持与其他粒子物理现象的一致性。此模型的实现还涉及到新的标量粒子，它们可能参与罕见的μ子衰变过程，这与实验中观察到的一些异常现象相吻合。此外，这些标量粒子还可以作为膨胀宇宙论中的驱动力，解决了在标准膨胀模型中可能出现的某些一致性问题。这项工作提供了一个理论框架，不仅尝试解释MiniBooNE和LSND实验中的异常结果，还试图在不违反现有宇宙学约束的情况下，将无菌中微子纳入粒子物理学的标准模型。通过引入新的物理实体和相互作用，它为理解和协调粒子物理学与宇宙学之间的矛盾开辟了新的途径。

Physics Letters B 800 (2020) 135135

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Physics Letters B

www.elsevier.com/locate/physletb

A cosmologically viable eV sterile neutrino model

C.A. de S. Pires

Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Caixa Postal 5008, 58051-970, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t

Article history:

Received

14 October 2019

Received

in revised form 21 November 2019

Accepted

28 November 2019

Available

online 4 December 2019

Editor:

A. Ringwald

The MiniBooNE collaboration recently released a report claiming have observed an excess of electron

and anti-electron neutrino with signiﬁcance of 4.8 σ C.L. corroborating, in this way, the long-standing

LSND anomaly. Combined LSND and MiniBooNE analysis reach a signiﬁcance of 6.0 σ C.L. Such a result,

if conﬁrmed by future experiments, will cause considerable impact on particle physics since that such

anomalies, when interpreted in terms of neutrino oscillation, require the existence of at least one

light sterile neutrino. It happens that, on according to standard scenarios, such light sterile neutrino

is incompatible with current cosmological data. In this way, understand these anomalies requires an

extension of the standard model capable of generating tiny masses for both active and sterile neutrinos

and re-conciliates such a result with cosmology. An interesting proposal in this direction involves the

existence of a secret sector interacting exclusively with sterile neutrinos. In this work we implement the

canonical seesaw mechanism into the standard model in such a way that generates tiny masses to the

active and sterile neutrinos and embody a secret sector capable of re-conciliating eV sterile neutrinos

with cosmology. As other gains, the scalar content required by the implementation of the mechanism

provides contribution to rare lepton decays, may accommodate the g − 2of the muon and poses a

scalar singlet that may drive inﬂation through Higgs inﬂation mechanism without problem with loss

of unitarity.

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP

1. Introduction

The physics of neutrinos keep being the most active and fas-

cinating

branch of particle physics. This is so because we are far

from a ﬁnal understanding of the origin of neutrino masses and

mixing. For example, neutrino anomalies are hinting by the exis-

tence

of at least one sterile neutrino (or right-handed neutrino)

with mass at eV scale and largely mixed with the standard neu-

trinos

[1–4]. It happens that, according to standard scenarios, eV

sterile neutrinos are strongly disfavored by current cosmological

data [5–7]. In view of this, we think that, if future short-baseline

experiments conﬁrm the existence of eV sterile neutrinos [8,9], we,

then, have to ﬁnd a new road to understand the origin of neutrino

mass and mixing. This is so because heavy right-handed neutrinos

provide the best way for understanding the origin of the smallness

of the standard neutrino masses by means of the canonical type

I seesaw mechanism [10]. So if right-handed neutrinos are con-

ﬁrmed

to be light, we are forced to re-interpret the canonical type

I seesaw mechanism.

E-mail address: cpires@ﬁsica.ufpb.br.

On the other hand, if we insist in the explanation of the SBL

anomalies in terms of neutrino oscillation, we have to re-conciliate

light right-handed neutrinos with cosmology. It has being recently

proposed that such re-conciliation requires the existence of a se-

cret

sector involving very light degree of freedom in the form

of vector boson or pseudo-scalar interacting exclusively with the

sterile neutrinos [11,12]. The case of pseudo-scalar is particularly

interesting because, as discussed here, such degree of freedom may

be the remnant of an accidental global symmetry that is explicitly

violated at very low energy scale.

Recapitulating.

On one hand, the canonical seesaw mechanism,

as we understand it, requires that right-handed neutrinos be heavy

particles and that lepton number be violated at very high energy

scale. On the other hand, the state of the art in neutrino physics

(taking into account neutrino anomalies) may be pointing to the

contrary: light right-handed neutrinos with lepton number being

explicitly violated at very low energy scale.

this work we propose an extension of the standard model

which embody the canonical type I seesaw mechanism in such a

way that lead to light active and sterile neutrinos and contains a

pseudo-scalar carrying the features necessary to re-conciliate SBL

anomalies with cosmology. Our model is constrained by rare lepton

decay and gives contribution to the g − 2of the muon. As gain,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2019.135135

0370-2693/

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